Effect of fibers on starch structural changes during hydrothermal treatment: multiscale analyses, and evaluation of dilution effects on starch digestibility

BACKGROUND Dietary fibers (DFs) may influence the structural, nutritional and techno‐functional properties of starch within food systems. Moreover, DFs have favorable effects on the digestive system and potentially a lower glycemic index. These potential benefits may change depending on DF type. Sta...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2024-08, Vol.104 (10), p.5724-5734
Hauptverfasser: Güven, Özge, Şensoy, İlkay
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description BACKGROUND Dietary fibers (DFs) may influence the structural, nutritional and techno‐functional properties of starch within food systems. Moreover, DFs have favorable effects on the digestive system and potentially a lower glycemic index. These potential benefits may change depending on DF type. Starch processed in the presence of soluble and insoluble fibers can undergo different structural and functional changes, and the present study investigated the effects of short‐chain and long‐chain inulin and cellulose on the structural and digestive properties of wheat starch. RESULTS The combined use of differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) provided insights into the structural changes in starch and inulin at different levels. Short‐chain and long‐chain inulin had higher water retention capacity and a potential to limit starch gelatinization. The FTIR results revealed an interaction between starch and inulin. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed morphological changes in starch and inulin after the hydrothermal treatment. Cellulose fiber was not affected by the hydrothermal treatment and had no influence on starch behavior. The structural differences observed through XRD, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy analyses between starch with and without inulin fibers did not significantly impact starch digestibility, except for the dilution effect caused by adding DFs. CONCLUSION The present study highlights the importance of utilizing different analytical tools to assess changes in food samples at different scales. Although short‐chain and long‐chain inulin could potentially limit starch gelatinization, the duration of the heat treatment (90 °C for 10 min) was sufficient to ensure complete starch gelatinization. The dilution effect caused by adding fibers was the primary reason for the effect on starch digestibility. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Moreover, DFs have favorable effects on the digestive system and potentially a lower glycemic index. These potential benefits may change depending on DF type. Starch processed in the presence of soluble and insoluble fibers can undergo different structural and functional changes, and the present study investigated the effects of short‐chain and long‐chain inulin and cellulose on the structural and digestive properties of wheat starch. RESULTS The combined use of differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) provided insights into the structural changes in starch and inulin at different levels. Short‐chain and long‐chain inulin had higher water retention capacity and a potential to limit starch gelatinization. The FTIR results revealed an interaction between starch and inulin. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed morphological changes in starch and inulin after the hydrothermal treatment. Cellulose fiber was not affected by the hydrothermal treatment and had no influence on starch behavior. The structural differences observed through XRD, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy analyses between starch with and without inulin fibers did not significantly impact starch digestibility, except for the dilution effect caused by adding DFs. CONCLUSION The present study highlights the importance of utilizing different analytical tools to assess changes in food samples at different scales. Although short‐chain and long‐chain inulin could potentially limit starch gelatinization, the duration of the heat treatment (90 °C for 10 min) was sufficient to ensure complete starch gelatinization. The dilution effect caused by adding fibers was the primary reason for the effect on starch digestibility. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-5142</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1097-0010</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-0010</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13401</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38380826</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chichester, UK: John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd</publisher><subject>agriculture ; Calorimetry ; carbohydrate digestion ; Cellulose ; Cellulose fibers ; cellulosic fibers ; Dietary fiber ; Differential scanning calorimetry ; Digestibility ; digestible carbohydrates ; Digestive system ; Dilution ; Electron microscopes ; electron microscopy ; Fibers ; Food ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Fourier transforms ; gelatinization ; glycemic index ; Heat treatment ; Heat treatments ; hot water treatment ; Hydrothermal treatment ; Infrared spectroscopy ; Inulin ; molecular order ; Multiscale analysis ; Retention capacity ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Starch ; Structure-function relationships ; supramolecular structure ; thermal processing ; water holding capacity ; wheat starch ; X-ray diffraction</subject><ispartof>Journal of the science of food and agriculture, 2024-08, Vol.104 (10), p.5724-5734</ispartof><rights>2024 The Authors. published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</rights><rights>2024 The Authors. 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Moreover, DFs have favorable effects on the digestive system and potentially a lower glycemic index. These potential benefits may change depending on DF type. Starch processed in the presence of soluble and insoluble fibers can undergo different structural and functional changes, and the present study investigated the effects of short‐chain and long‐chain inulin and cellulose on the structural and digestive properties of wheat starch. RESULTS The combined use of differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) provided insights into the structural changes in starch and inulin at different levels. Short‐chain and long‐chain inulin had higher water retention capacity and a potential to limit starch gelatinization. The FTIR results revealed an interaction between starch and inulin. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed morphological changes in starch and inulin after the hydrothermal treatment. Cellulose fiber was not affected by the hydrothermal treatment and had no influence on starch behavior. The structural differences observed through XRD, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy analyses between starch with and without inulin fibers did not significantly impact starch digestibility, except for the dilution effect caused by adding DFs. CONCLUSION The present study highlights the importance of utilizing different analytical tools to assess changes in food samples at different scales. Although short‐chain and long‐chain inulin could potentially limit starch gelatinization, the duration of the heat treatment (90 °C for 10 min) was sufficient to ensure complete starch gelatinization. The dilution effect caused by adding fibers was the primary reason for the effect on starch digestibility. © 2024 The Authors. 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Moreover, DFs have favorable effects on the digestive system and potentially a lower glycemic index. These potential benefits may change depending on DF type. Starch processed in the presence of soluble and insoluble fibers can undergo different structural and functional changes, and the present study investigated the effects of short‐chain and long‐chain inulin and cellulose on the structural and digestive properties of wheat starch. RESULTS The combined use of differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) provided insights into the structural changes in starch and inulin at different levels. Short‐chain and long‐chain inulin had higher water retention capacity and a potential to limit starch gelatinization. The FTIR results revealed an interaction between starch and inulin. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed morphological changes in starch and inulin after the hydrothermal treatment. Cellulose fiber was not affected by the hydrothermal treatment and had no influence on starch behavior. The structural differences observed through XRD, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy analyses between starch with and without inulin fibers did not significantly impact starch digestibility, except for the dilution effect caused by adding DFs. CONCLUSION The present study highlights the importance of utilizing different analytical tools to assess changes in food samples at different scales. Although short‐chain and long‐chain inulin could potentially limit starch gelatinization, the duration of the heat treatment (90 °C for 10 min) was sufficient to ensure complete starch gelatinization. The dilution effect caused by adding fibers was the primary reason for the effect on starch digestibility. © 2024 The Authors. 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source Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete
subjects agriculture
Calorimetry
carbohydrate digestion
Cellulose
Cellulose fibers
cellulosic fibers
Dietary fiber
Differential scanning calorimetry
Digestibility
digestible carbohydrates
Digestive system
Dilution
Electron microscopes
electron microscopy
Fibers
Food
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Fourier transforms
gelatinization
glycemic index
Heat treatment
Heat treatments
hot water treatment
Hydrothermal treatment
Infrared spectroscopy
Inulin
molecular order
Multiscale analysis
Retention capacity
Scanning electron microscopy
Starch
Structure-function relationships
supramolecular structure
thermal processing
water holding capacity
wheat starch
X-ray diffraction
title Effect of fibers on starch structural changes during hydrothermal treatment: multiscale analyses, and evaluation of dilution effects on starch digestibility
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