Remission rates and risk factors for relapse in pediatric morphea: a multicenter retrospective study of Pediatric Rheumatology Academy (PeRA)-Research Group (RG)
Aim Morphea, also known as localized scleroderma, is an immune-mediated disease and the most common form of scleroderma in children. It is a localized sclerosing disease of the skin, but can also involve such adjacent tissues as the fascia, muscle, bone, and underlying tissues. This multicenter stud...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical rheumatology 2023-10, Vol.42 (10), p.2855-2860 |
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creator | Bağlan, Esra Kızıldağ, Zehra Çağlayan, Şengül Çakmak, Figen Yener, Gülçin Otar Özdel, Semanur Öztürk, Kübra Makay, Balahan Çakan, Mustafa Ayaz, Nuray Aktay Sözeri, Betül Ünsal, Şevket Erbil Bülbül, Mehmet |
description | Aim
Morphea, also known as localized scleroderma, is an immune-mediated disease and the most common form of scleroderma in children. It is a localized sclerosing disease of the skin, but can also involve such adjacent tissues as the fascia, muscle, bone, and underlying tissues. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate Turkish pediatric morphea patients, regarding demographics, treatments, and response to treatment.
Materials and methods
The study was performed by the Pediatric Rheumatology Academy and included pediatric morphea patients from 6 Turkish pediatric rheumatology centers who were followed up for ≥6 months. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings and treatment modalities were analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to treatment response, as follows: group 1: topical treatment response, group 2: methotrexate response, and group 3: methotrexate resistance. Clinical findings were compared between the 3 groups.
Results
The study included 76 patients, of which 53 (69.7%) were female. Mean age at diagnosis of morphea was 9.7 ± 4.3 years and mean duration of follow-up was 3.2 ± 2.9 years. Linear morphea was the most common form, accounting for 43.4% (
n
= 33) of the patients. Extracutaneous features were noted in 17 patients (22.4%) and anti-nuclear antibody positivity was noted in 32 (42.1%). In all, 14.4% of the patients received topical treatment only, whereas 86.6% received both topical and systemic treatment. The methotrexate response rate was 76.9% in the patients that received systemic immunosuppressive therapy. The overall relapse rate while under treatment was 19.7%.
Conclusion
In this study, most of the pediatric morphea patients responded well to methotrexate. Bilateral lesions were more common in the methotrexate-resistant group. Multiple involvement, and bilateral lesions, were more common in relapsed patients than in non-relapsed patients.
Key points
• Most of the pediatric morphea patients respond well to MTX.
• Multiple involvement, and bilateral involvement, were more common in relapsed patients than in non-relapsed patients.
• Presence of extracutaneous findings in patients increased relapse rate 5.7 times. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10067-023-06677-7 |
format | Article |
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Morphea, also known as localized scleroderma, is an immune-mediated disease and the most common form of scleroderma in children. It is a localized sclerosing disease of the skin, but can also involve such adjacent tissues as the fascia, muscle, bone, and underlying tissues. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate Turkish pediatric morphea patients, regarding demographics, treatments, and response to treatment.
Materials and methods
The study was performed by the Pediatric Rheumatology Academy and included pediatric morphea patients from 6 Turkish pediatric rheumatology centers who were followed up for ≥6 months. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings and treatment modalities were analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to treatment response, as follows: group 1: topical treatment response, group 2: methotrexate response, and group 3: methotrexate resistance. Clinical findings were compared between the 3 groups.
Results
The study included 76 patients, of which 53 (69.7%) were female. Mean age at diagnosis of morphea was 9.7 ± 4.3 years and mean duration of follow-up was 3.2 ± 2.9 years. Linear morphea was the most common form, accounting for 43.4% (
n
= 33) of the patients. Extracutaneous features were noted in 17 patients (22.4%) and anti-nuclear antibody positivity was noted in 32 (42.1%). In all, 14.4% of the patients received topical treatment only, whereas 86.6% received both topical and systemic treatment. The methotrexate response rate was 76.9% in the patients that received systemic immunosuppressive therapy. The overall relapse rate while under treatment was 19.7%.
Conclusion
In this study, most of the pediatric morphea patients responded well to methotrexate. Bilateral lesions were more common in the methotrexate-resistant group. Multiple involvement, and bilateral lesions, were more common in relapsed patients than in non-relapsed patients.
Key points
• Most of the pediatric morphea patients respond well to MTX.
• Multiple involvement, and bilateral involvement, were more common in relapsed patients than in non-relapsed patients.
• Presence of extracutaneous findings in patients increased relapse rate 5.7 times.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0770-3198</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1434-9949</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06677-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37378874</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>antibodies ; demographic statistics ; Demography ; Fascia ; females ; immunosuppression ; Immunosuppressive agents ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Methotrexate ; muscles ; Original Article ; Patients ; Pediatrics ; relapse ; Remission ; retrospective studies ; Rheumatology ; risk ; Risk factors ; Scleroderma ; Skin diseases ; therapeutics</subject><ispartof>Clinical rheumatology, 2023-10, Vol.42 (10), p.2855-2860</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR).</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-e94d8c7f69e5e067da0e53adc819e84671559f37ff39470309e81fb52c1f323</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-e94d8c7f69e5e067da0e53adc819e84671559f37ff39470309e81fb52c1f323</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7938-2560 ; 0000-0002-1034-6406 ; 0000-0001-5602-4595 ; 0000-0002-8800-0800 ; 0000-0003-0466-0228 ; 0000-0002-5079-5644 ; 0000-0003-3014-5692 ; 0000-0003-3594-7387 ; 0000-0002-1667-2480 ; 0000-0001-9007-9653 ; 0000-0003-2575-6309 ; 0000-0001-6193-0402 ; 0000-0001-5637-8553</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10067-023-06677-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10067-023-06677-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37378874$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bağlan, Esra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kızıldağ, Zehra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çağlayan, Şengül</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çakmak, Figen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yener, Gülçin Otar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özdel, Semanur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Öztürk, Kübra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Makay, Balahan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çakan, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayaz, Nuray Aktay</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sözeri, Betül</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ünsal, Şevket Erbil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bülbül, Mehmet</creatorcontrib><title>Remission rates and risk factors for relapse in pediatric morphea: a multicenter retrospective study of Pediatric Rheumatology Academy (PeRA)-Research Group (RG)</title><title>Clinical rheumatology</title><addtitle>Clin Rheumatol</addtitle><addtitle>Clin Rheumatol</addtitle><description>Aim
Morphea, also known as localized scleroderma, is an immune-mediated disease and the most common form of scleroderma in children. It is a localized sclerosing disease of the skin, but can also involve such adjacent tissues as the fascia, muscle, bone, and underlying tissues. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate Turkish pediatric morphea patients, regarding demographics, treatments, and response to treatment.
Materials and methods
The study was performed by the Pediatric Rheumatology Academy and included pediatric morphea patients from 6 Turkish pediatric rheumatology centers who were followed up for ≥6 months. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings and treatment modalities were analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to treatment response, as follows: group 1: topical treatment response, group 2: methotrexate response, and group 3: methotrexate resistance. Clinical findings were compared between the 3 groups.
Results
The study included 76 patients, of which 53 (69.7%) were female. Mean age at diagnosis of morphea was 9.7 ± 4.3 years and mean duration of follow-up was 3.2 ± 2.9 years. Linear morphea was the most common form, accounting for 43.4% (
n
= 33) of the patients. Extracutaneous features were noted in 17 patients (22.4%) and anti-nuclear antibody positivity was noted in 32 (42.1%). In all, 14.4% of the patients received topical treatment only, whereas 86.6% received both topical and systemic treatment. The methotrexate response rate was 76.9% in the patients that received systemic immunosuppressive therapy. The overall relapse rate while under treatment was 19.7%.
Conclusion
In this study, most of the pediatric morphea patients responded well to methotrexate. Bilateral lesions were more common in the methotrexate-resistant group. Multiple involvement, and bilateral lesions, were more common in relapsed patients than in non-relapsed patients.
Key points
• Most of the pediatric morphea patients respond well to MTX.
• Multiple involvement, and bilateral involvement, were more common in relapsed patients than in non-relapsed patients.
• Presence of extracutaneous findings in patients increased relapse rate 5.7 times.</description><subject>antibodies</subject><subject>demographic statistics</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Fascia</subject><subject>females</subject><subject>immunosuppression</subject><subject>Immunosuppressive agents</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Methotrexate</subject><subject>muscles</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>relapse</subject><subject>Remission</subject><subject>retrospective studies</subject><subject>Rheumatology</subject><subject>risk</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Scleroderma</subject><subject>Skin diseases</subject><subject>therapeutics</subject><issn>0770-3198</issn><issn>1434-9949</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUFvFCEYhonR2LX6BzwYEi_bAwoDMwzeNo1umzSxGb0Tynx0qTPDCEyT_Tn-U1m31sSDXiCB53sJ74PQa0bfMUrl-1TWRhJacUKbRkoin6AVE1wQpYR6ilZUSko4U-0JepHSHaW0ahV7jk645LJtpVihHx2MPiUfJhxNhoTN1OPo0zfsjM0hJuxCxBEGMyfAfsIz9N7k6C0eQ5x3YD5gg8dlyN7ClOHA5hjSDDb7e8ApL_0eB4evH-e6HSyjyWEIt3u8saaHcY_X19BtzkgHCUy0O7yNYZnxutuevUTPnBkSvHrYT9GXTx-_nl-Qq8_by_PNFbGCtpmAEn1rpWsU1FBq6Q2FmpvetkxBKxrJ6lo5Lp3jSkjKaTll7qauLHO84qdofUydY_i-QMq61GJhGMwEYUmas7oUqXjV_BetWl50KFGzgr79C70LS5zKNwrVCEpVRQ-B1ZGypbgUwek5-tHEvWZUH0zro2ldTOtfprUsQ28eopebEfrHkd9qC8CPQCpX0y3EP2__I_Yn3Z-0mw</recordid><startdate>20231001</startdate><enddate>20231001</enddate><creator>Bağlan, Esra</creator><creator>Kızıldağ, Zehra</creator><creator>Çağlayan, Şengül</creator><creator>Çakmak, Figen</creator><creator>Yener, Gülçin Otar</creator><creator>Özdel, Semanur</creator><creator>Öztürk, Kübra</creator><creator>Makay, Balahan</creator><creator>Çakan, Mustafa</creator><creator>Ayaz, Nuray Aktay</creator><creator>Sözeri, Betül</creator><creator>Ünsal, Şevket Erbil</creator><creator>Bülbül, Mehmet</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-2560</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1034-6406</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5602-4595</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-0800</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0466-0228</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5079-5644</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3014-5692</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3594-7387</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-2480</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-9653</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-6309</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6193-0402</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-8553</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231001</creationdate><title>Remission rates and risk factors for relapse in pediatric morphea: a multicenter retrospective study of Pediatric Rheumatology Academy (PeRA)-Research Group (RG)</title><author>Bağlan, Esra ; Kızıldağ, Zehra ; Çağlayan, Şengül ; Çakmak, Figen ; Yener, Gülçin Otar ; Özdel, Semanur ; Öztürk, Kübra ; Makay, Balahan ; Çakan, Mustafa ; Ayaz, Nuray Aktay ; Sözeri, Betül ; Ünsal, Şevket Erbil ; Bülbül, Mehmet</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c408t-e94d8c7f69e5e067da0e53adc819e84671559f37ff39470309e81fb52c1f323</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>antibodies</topic><topic>demographic statistics</topic><topic>Demography</topic><topic>Fascia</topic><topic>females</topic><topic>immunosuppression</topic><topic>Immunosuppressive agents</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Methotrexate</topic><topic>muscles</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>relapse</topic><topic>Remission</topic><topic>retrospective studies</topic><topic>Rheumatology</topic><topic>risk</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Scleroderma</topic><topic>Skin diseases</topic><topic>therapeutics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bağlan, Esra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kızıldağ, Zehra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çağlayan, Şengül</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çakmak, Figen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yener, Gülçin Otar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özdel, Semanur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Öztürk, Kübra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Makay, Balahan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çakan, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayaz, Nuray Aktay</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sözeri, Betül</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ünsal, Şevket Erbil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bülbül, Mehmet</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical rheumatology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bağlan, Esra</au><au>Kızıldağ, Zehra</au><au>Çağlayan, Şengül</au><au>Çakmak, Figen</au><au>Yener, Gülçin Otar</au><au>Özdel, Semanur</au><au>Öztürk, Kübra</au><au>Makay, Balahan</au><au>Çakan, Mustafa</au><au>Ayaz, Nuray Aktay</au><au>Sözeri, Betül</au><au>Ünsal, Şevket Erbil</au><au>Bülbül, Mehmet</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Remission rates and risk factors for relapse in pediatric morphea: a multicenter retrospective study of Pediatric Rheumatology Academy (PeRA)-Research Group (RG)</atitle><jtitle>Clinical rheumatology</jtitle><stitle>Clin Rheumatol</stitle><addtitle>Clin Rheumatol</addtitle><date>2023-10-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2855</spage><epage>2860</epage><pages>2855-2860</pages><issn>0770-3198</issn><eissn>1434-9949</eissn><abstract>Aim
Morphea, also known as localized scleroderma, is an immune-mediated disease and the most common form of scleroderma in children. It is a localized sclerosing disease of the skin, but can also involve such adjacent tissues as the fascia, muscle, bone, and underlying tissues. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate Turkish pediatric morphea patients, regarding demographics, treatments, and response to treatment.
Materials and methods
The study was performed by the Pediatric Rheumatology Academy and included pediatric morphea patients from 6 Turkish pediatric rheumatology centers who were followed up for ≥6 months. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings and treatment modalities were analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to treatment response, as follows: group 1: topical treatment response, group 2: methotrexate response, and group 3: methotrexate resistance. Clinical findings were compared between the 3 groups.
Results
The study included 76 patients, of which 53 (69.7%) were female. Mean age at diagnosis of morphea was 9.7 ± 4.3 years and mean duration of follow-up was 3.2 ± 2.9 years. Linear morphea was the most common form, accounting for 43.4% (
n
= 33) of the patients. Extracutaneous features were noted in 17 patients (22.4%) and anti-nuclear antibody positivity was noted in 32 (42.1%). In all, 14.4% of the patients received topical treatment only, whereas 86.6% received both topical and systemic treatment. The methotrexate response rate was 76.9% in the patients that received systemic immunosuppressive therapy. The overall relapse rate while under treatment was 19.7%.
Conclusion
In this study, most of the pediatric morphea patients responded well to methotrexate. Bilateral lesions were more common in the methotrexate-resistant group. Multiple involvement, and bilateral lesions, were more common in relapsed patients than in non-relapsed patients.
Key points
• Most of the pediatric morphea patients respond well to MTX.
• Multiple involvement, and bilateral involvement, were more common in relapsed patients than in non-relapsed patients.
• Presence of extracutaneous findings in patients increased relapse rate 5.7 times.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>37378874</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10067-023-06677-7</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-2560</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1034-6406</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5602-4595</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-0800</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0466-0228</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5079-5644</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3014-5692</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3594-7387</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-2480</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-9653</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-6309</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6193-0402</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-8553</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | antibodies demographic statistics Demography Fascia females immunosuppression Immunosuppressive agents Medicine Medicine & Public Health Methotrexate muscles Original Article Patients Pediatrics relapse Remission retrospective studies Rheumatology risk Risk factors Scleroderma Skin diseases therapeutics |
title | Remission rates and risk factors for relapse in pediatric morphea: a multicenter retrospective study of Pediatric Rheumatology Academy (PeRA)-Research Group (RG) |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-14T13%3A11%3A39IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Remission%20rates%20and%20risk%20factors%20for%20relapse%20in%20pediatric%20morphea:%20a%20multicenter%20retrospective%20study%20of%20Pediatric%20Rheumatology%20Academy%20(PeRA)-Research%20Group%20(RG)&rft.jtitle=Clinical%20rheumatology&rft.au=Ba%C4%9Flan,%20Esra&rft.date=2023-10-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2855&rft.epage=2860&rft.pages=2855-2860&rft.issn=0770-3198&rft.eissn=1434-9949&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s10067-023-06677-7&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2864009206%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2864009206&rft_id=info:pmid/37378874&rfr_iscdi=true |