The long-lasting impact of high-intensity training via collaborative care in patients with schizophrenia: A 5-year follow-up study

Although exercise is medicine for outpatients with schizophrenia, it is unclear if one-year adherence-supported exercise leads to a “tipping point”, at which the exercise becomes a routine manifested as life-long training in the patient group. Forty-eight outpatients (28 men/20 women: 35 ± 11 (mean ...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Schizophrenia research 2025-01, Vol.275, p.156-165
Hauptverfasser:	Brobakken, Mathias Forsberg, Nygård, Mona, Güzey, Ismail Cüneyt, Morken, Gunnar, Wang, Eivind
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Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Aerobic capacity Physical activity Psychiatry Rate of force development Severe mental disorders Skeletal muscle strength
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description	Although exercise is medicine for outpatients with schizophrenia, it is unclear if one-year adherence-supported exercise leads to a “tipping point”, at which the exercise becomes a routine manifested as life-long training in the patient group. Forty-eight outpatients (28 men/20 women: 35 ± 11 (mean ± SD) years) with schizophrenia (ICD-10: F20–29) were randomised to: 1) collaborative care group (TG), performing aerobic interval (AIT; 4 × 4-min treadmill walking/running at ∼90 % peak heart rate) and leg press maximal strength training (MST; 4 × 4 repetitions at ∼90 % maximal strength [1RM]) 2d·wk.−1 for 1-year, supported by transportation and training supervision; or 2) control group (CG). Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) and walking work efficiency were measured directly along with scaled 1RM/power, anthropometry, blood pressure, and blood samples at inclusion, 1-year, and 5-years post-intervention. The TG increased V̇O2peak (11 %, p
doi_str_mv	10.1016/j.schres.2024.12.012
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Forty-eight outpatients (28 men/20 women: 35 ± 11 (mean ± SD) years) with schizophrenia (ICD-10: F20–29) were randomised to: 1) collaborative care group (TG), performing aerobic interval (AIT; 4 × 4-min treadmill walking/running at ∼90 % peak heart rate) and leg press maximal strength training (MST; 4 × 4 repetitions at ∼90 % maximal strength [1RM]) 2d·wk.−1 for 1-year, supported by transportation and training supervision; or 2) control group (CG). Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) and walking work efficiency were measured directly along with scaled 1RM/power, anthropometry, blood pressure, and blood samples at inclusion, 1-year, and 5-years post-intervention. The TG increased V̇O2peak (11 %, p < .01), scaled 1RM (40 %, p < .001), and power (26 %, p < .001) compared to CG after 1-year. At follow-up, no intergroup differences in these factors were observed (all p > .05). Both groups improved walking work efficiency (TG: 11 %; CG: 18 %; both p < .05) after 1-year (no intergroup difference, p > .05), but not at follow-up (both p > .05). At follow-up, HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol (−15 %, p < .01) and glucose (26 %, p < .01) decreased/increased(respectively) more in the TG than CG. No other intergroup differences were observed in anthropometry or blood samples. 1-year adherence-supported high-intensity training improves V̇O2peak, 1RM, and power in outpatients with schizophrenia. However, the improvements in these factors key to longevity are not maintained after 5 years. 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Forty-eight outpatients (28 men/20 women: 35 ± 11 (mean ± SD) years) with schizophrenia (ICD-10: F20–29) were randomised to: 1) collaborative care group (TG), performing aerobic interval (AIT; 4 × 4-min treadmill walking/running at ∼90 % peak heart rate) and leg press maximal strength training (MST; 4 × 4 repetitions at ∼90 % maximal strength [1RM]) 2d·wk.−1 for 1-year, supported by transportation and training supervision; or 2) control group (CG). Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) and walking work efficiency were measured directly along with scaled 1RM/power, anthropometry, blood pressure, and blood samples at inclusion, 1-year, and 5-years post-intervention. The TG increased V̇O2peak (11 %, p < .01), scaled 1RM (40 %, p < .001), and power (26 %, p < .001) compared to CG after 1-year. At follow-up, no intergroup differences in these factors were observed (all p > .05). Both groups improved walking work efficiency (TG: 11 %; CG: 18 %; both p < .05) after 1-year (no intergroup difference, p > .05), but not at follow-up (both p > .05). At follow-up, HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol (−15 %, p < .01) and glucose (26 %, p < .01) decreased/increased(respectively) more in the TG than CG. No other intergroup differences were observed in anthropometry or blood samples. 1-year adherence-supported high-intensity training improves V̇O2peak, 1RM, and power in outpatients with schizophrenia. However, the improvements in these factors key to longevity are not maintained after 5 years. These findings highlight the importance of long-lasting cost-efficient adherence support, ultimately affecting the population's prognosis.]]></description><subject>Aerobic capacity</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Rate of force development</subject><subject>Severe mental disorders</subject><subject>Skeletal muscle strength</subject><issn>0920-9964</issn><issn>1573-2509</issn><issn>1573-2509</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kM1u3CAURlHVqJkmeYOqYtkNLmCwoYtKUdQ_KVI26RphwGNGHnABTzRd5snLaNIuu0JI57v3fgeAdwQ3BJPu467JZkouNxRT1hDaYEJfgQ3hfYsox_I12GBJMZKyY5fgbc47jDHhuH8DLlvZt0SwfgOeHycH5xi2aNa5-LCFfr9oU2Ac4eS3E_KhuJB9OcKStA8n4uA1NHGe9RCTLv7goNHJQR_gUr8ulAyffJlgvc__jks9Mnj9Cd5Cjo5OJzjWbHxC6wJzWe3xGlyMes7u5uW9Aj-_fnm8-47uH779uLu9R6Y2pMiYDneOC9sLojnt7cC0tK2kgglubcetHAy12hLbclGb00EIPvR2HAdi-669Ah_Oc5cUf60uF7X32bjaI7i4ZtUSJoUghLGKsjNqUsw5uVEtye91OiqC1cm-2qmzfXWyrwhV1X6NvX_ZsA57Z_-F_uquwOcz4GrPg3epTqnCjLM-OVOUjf7_G_4A-9qZ-A</recordid><startdate>202501</startdate><enddate>202501</enddate><creator>Brobakken, Mathias Forsberg</creator><creator>Nygård, Mona</creator><creator>Güzey, Ismail Cüneyt</creator><creator>Morken, Gunnar</creator><creator>Wang, Eivind</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202501</creationdate><title>The long-lasting impact of high-intensity training via collaborative care in patients with schizophrenia: A 5-year follow-up study</title><author>Brobakken, Mathias Forsberg ; Nygård, Mona ; Güzey, Ismail Cüneyt ; Morken, Gunnar ; Wang, Eivind</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2022-cc606e58d781a527db4a9d3928485dd65d9bc2dad1d3589202b885b7dffb1d763</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Aerobic capacity</topic><topic>Physical activity</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Rate of force development</topic><topic>Severe mental disorders</topic><topic>Skeletal muscle strength</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Brobakken, Mathias Forsberg</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nygård, Mona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Güzey, Ismail Cüneyt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morken, Gunnar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Eivind</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Schizophrenia research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Brobakken, Mathias Forsberg</au><au>Nygård, Mona</au><au>Güzey, Ismail Cüneyt</au><au>Morken, Gunnar</au><au>Wang, Eivind</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The long-lasting impact of high-intensity training via collaborative care in patients with schizophrenia: A 5-year follow-up study</atitle><jtitle>Schizophrenia research</jtitle><addtitle>Schizophr Res</addtitle><date>2025-01</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>275</volume><spage>156</spage><epage>165</epage><pages>156-165</pages><issn>0920-9964</issn><issn>1573-2509</issn><eissn>1573-2509</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Although exercise is medicine for outpatients with schizophrenia, it is unclear if one-year adherence-supported exercise leads to a “tipping point”, at which the exercise becomes a routine manifested as life-long training in the patient group. Forty-eight outpatients (28 men/20 women: 35 ± 11 (mean ± SD) years) with schizophrenia (ICD-10: F20–29) were randomised to: 1) collaborative care group (TG), performing aerobic interval (AIT; 4 × 4-min treadmill walking/running at ∼90 % peak heart rate) and leg press maximal strength training (MST; 4 × 4 repetitions at ∼90 % maximal strength [1RM]) 2d·wk.−1 for 1-year, supported by transportation and training supervision; or 2) control group (CG). Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) and walking work efficiency were measured directly along with scaled 1RM/power, anthropometry, blood pressure, and blood samples at inclusion, 1-year, and 5-years post-intervention. The TG increased V̇O2peak (11 %, p < .01), scaled 1RM (40 %, p < .001), and power (26 %, p < .001) compared to CG after 1-year. At follow-up, no intergroup differences in these factors were observed (all p > .05). 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title	The long-lasting impact of high-intensity training via collaborative care in patients with schizophrenia: A 5-year follow-up study
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