Assessment of surface and groundwater quality in the Ctalamochita River basin, Argentina: hydrogeochemical characteristics and exploratory data analysis
Freshwater and groundwater are important resources for the drinking water supporting agricultural and livestock activities in the Córdoba province, Argentina. The aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical and microbiological quality of surface water (n = 14) and groundwater (n = 17) sites...
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| creator | Urseler, Noelia Biolé, Fernanda Bachetti, Romina Biolé, Michelle Bellotti, Camila Monferrán, Magdalena Marín, Graciela Morgante, Carolina |
| description | Freshwater and groundwater are important resources for the drinking water supporting agricultural and livestock activities in the Córdoba province, Argentina. The aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical and microbiological quality of surface water (n = 14) and groundwater (n = 17) sites in the middle-lower basin of the Ctalamochita River (Córdoba, Argentina) for human and animal consumption. A total of 18 physicochemical and five microbiological parameters were evaluated to determine the hydrogeological characteristics of both water resources and their suitability for human and animal consumption using the Water Quality Index (WQI). The results indicated that Na
+
and HCO
3
−
were the dominant cation and anion, respectively, in both water resources. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters values were compared with national and international guidelines. The WQI showed that groundwater samples exhibited poorer quality when compared to surface waters for human consumption, primarily due to elevated concentrations of major ions and the presence of total coliforms and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. Meanwhile, the WQI for animal consumption indicated that both surface and groundwater samples were suitable for this purpose. The Piper diagram showed that most of the surface water samples were classified as Na
+
–Cl
−
–HCO
3
−
, while groundwater samples were classified as Na
+
–HCO
3
−
. This classification highlights the hydrogeochemical differences between the two water resources. The Gibbs diagram indicates that the chemical composition of both surface and groundwater sources is primarily controlled by processes of rock-water interaction and evaporation. The findings of this study will facilitate the development of a proactive plan to safeguard and sustain water resources in the middle-lower basin of the Ctalamochita River. This can be achieved through the implementation of preventive strategies and the introduction of innovative policies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10653-024-02260-4 |
| format | Article |
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+
and HCO
3
−
were the dominant cation and anion, respectively, in both water resources. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters values were compared with national and international guidelines. The WQI showed that groundwater samples exhibited poorer quality when compared to surface waters for human consumption, primarily due to elevated concentrations of major ions and the presence of total coliforms and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. Meanwhile, the WQI for animal consumption indicated that both surface and groundwater samples were suitable for this purpose. The Piper diagram showed that most of the surface water samples were classified as Na
+
–Cl
−
–HCO
3
−
, while groundwater samples were classified as Na
+
–HCO
3
−
. This classification highlights the hydrogeochemical differences between the two water resources. The Gibbs diagram indicates that the chemical composition of both surface and groundwater sources is primarily controlled by processes of rock-water interaction and evaporation. The findings of this study will facilitate the development of a proactive plan to safeguard and sustain water resources in the middle-lower basin of the Ctalamochita River. This can be achieved through the implementation of preventive strategies and the introduction of innovative policies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-4042</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1573-2983</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2983</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02260-4</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39508975</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anions ; Argentina ; basins ; Cations ; Chemical composition ; Coliforms ; Consumption ; Data analysis ; Drinking water ; Drinking Water - chemistry ; Drinking Water - microbiology ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; Evaporation ; Freshwater ; Geochemistry ; Geology ; Groundwater ; Groundwater - chemistry ; Groundwater - microbiology ; Groundwater data ; Groundwater quality ; Humans ; Hydrogeochemistry ; Hydrogeology ; Inland water environment ; Livestock ; microbiological quality ; Original Paper ; Parameters ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Public Health ; River basins ; Rivers ; Rivers - chemistry ; Rivers - microbiology ; Sodium ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Surface water ; Terrestrial Pollution ; Water analysis ; Water Microbiology ; Water policy ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water Quality ; Water resources ; Water sampling ; watersheds</subject><ispartof>Environmental geochemistry and health, 2024-12, Vol.46 (12), p.489-489, Article 489</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024 Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Dec 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c289t-c19a252b5fa29666266a0e441e5670135eb6e1fc192db0657c22799a0ad072233</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10653-024-02260-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10653-024-02260-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,41467,42536,51297</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39508975$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Urseler, Noelia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biolé, Fernanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bachetti, Romina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biolé, Michelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bellotti, Camila</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Monferrán, Magdalena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marín, Graciela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morgante, Carolina</creatorcontrib><title>Assessment of surface and groundwater quality in the Ctalamochita River basin, Argentina: hydrogeochemical characteristics and exploratory data analysis</title><title>Environmental geochemistry and health</title><addtitle>Environ Geochem Health</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Geochem Health</addtitle><description>Freshwater and groundwater are important resources for the drinking water supporting agricultural and livestock activities in the Córdoba province, Argentina. The aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical and microbiological quality of surface water (n = 14) and groundwater (n = 17) sites in the middle-lower basin of the Ctalamochita River (Córdoba, Argentina) for human and animal consumption. A total of 18 physicochemical and five microbiological parameters were evaluated to determine the hydrogeological characteristics of both water resources and their suitability for human and animal consumption using the Water Quality Index (WQI). The results indicated that Na
+
and HCO
3
−
were the dominant cation and anion, respectively, in both water resources. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters values were compared with national and international guidelines. The WQI showed that groundwater samples exhibited poorer quality when compared to surface waters for human consumption, primarily due to elevated concentrations of major ions and the presence of total coliforms and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. Meanwhile, the WQI for animal consumption indicated that both surface and groundwater samples were suitable for this purpose. The Piper diagram showed that most of the surface water samples were classified as Na
+
–Cl
−
–HCO
3
−
, while groundwater samples were classified as Na
+
–HCO
3
−
. This classification highlights the hydrogeochemical differences between the two water resources. The Gibbs diagram indicates that the chemical composition of both surface and groundwater sources is primarily controlled by processes of rock-water interaction and evaporation. The findings of this study will facilitate the development of a proactive plan to safeguard and sustain water resources in the middle-lower basin of the Ctalamochita River. This can be achieved through the implementation of preventive strategies and the introduction of innovative policies.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anions</subject><subject>Argentina</subject><subject>basins</subject><subject>Cations</subject><subject>Chemical composition</subject><subject>Coliforms</subject><subject>Consumption</subject><subject>Data analysis</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>Drinking Water - chemistry</subject><subject>Drinking Water - microbiology</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring - methods</subject><subject>Evaporation</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Groundwater - chemistry</subject><subject>Groundwater - microbiology</subject><subject>Groundwater data</subject><subject>Groundwater quality</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrogeochemistry</subject><subject>Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Inland water environment</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>microbiological quality</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>River basins</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Rivers - chemistry</subject><subject>Rivers - microbiology</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Soil Science & Conservation</subject><subject>Surface water</subject><subject>Terrestrial Pollution</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water Microbiology</subject><subject>Water policy</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</subject><subject>Water Quality</subject><subject>Water resources</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><subject>watersheds</subject><issn>0269-4042</issn><issn>1573-2983</issn><issn>1573-2983</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0cuKFDEUBuAgitOOvoALCbhxMaW5p-KuaRwVBgTRdXE6lerOUJeenNRovYmPa6Z7VHAhLkIW-c4fkp-Q55y95ozZN8iZ0bJiQpUlDKvUA7Li2spKuFo-JCsmjKsUU-KMPEG8Zow5q-rH5Ew6zWpn9Yr8WCMGxCGMmU4dxTl14AOFsaW7NM1j-w1ySPRmhj7mhcaR5n2gmww9DJPfxwz0c7wtYgsYxwu6TrsSFUd4S_dLm6ZdKCoM0UNP_R4S-BIXMUePx0vC90M_JchTWmgLJQ1G6BeM-JQ86qDH8Ox-PydfL9992Xyorj69_7hZX1Ve1C5XnjsQWmx1B8IZY4QxwIJSPGhjGZc6bE3gXWGi3Zbvsl4I6xwwaJkVQspz8uqUe0jTzRwwN0NEH_oexjDN2EiuFbe8lvw_qCjMqbou9OVf9HqaU3naUenaWO3ulDgpnybEFLrmkOIAaWk4a-4qbk4VN6Xi5lhxo8rQi_voeTuE9vfIr04LkCeA5WjchfTn7n_E_gTOc7L7</recordid><startdate>20241201</startdate><enddate>20241201</enddate><creator>Urseler, Noelia</creator><creator>Biolé, Fernanda</creator><creator>Bachetti, Romina</creator><creator>Biolé, Michelle</creator><creator>Bellotti, Camila</creator><creator>Monferrán, Magdalena</creator><creator>Marín, Graciela</creator><creator>Morgante, Carolina</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20241201</creationdate><title>Assessment of surface and groundwater quality in the Ctalamochita River basin, Argentina: hydrogeochemical characteristics and exploratory data analysis</title><author>Urseler, Noelia ; 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The aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical and microbiological quality of surface water (n = 14) and groundwater (n = 17) sites in the middle-lower basin of the Ctalamochita River (Córdoba, Argentina) for human and animal consumption. A total of 18 physicochemical and five microbiological parameters were evaluated to determine the hydrogeological characteristics of both water resources and their suitability for human and animal consumption using the Water Quality Index (WQI). The results indicated that Na
+
and HCO
3
−
were the dominant cation and anion, respectively, in both water resources. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters values were compared with national and international guidelines. The WQI showed that groundwater samples exhibited poorer quality when compared to surface waters for human consumption, primarily due to elevated concentrations of major ions and the presence of total coliforms and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. Meanwhile, the WQI for animal consumption indicated that both surface and groundwater samples were suitable for this purpose. The Piper diagram showed that most of the surface water samples were classified as Na
+
–Cl
−
–HCO
3
−
, while groundwater samples were classified as Na
+
–HCO
3
−
. This classification highlights the hydrogeochemical differences between the two water resources. The Gibbs diagram indicates that the chemical composition of both surface and groundwater sources is primarily controlled by processes of rock-water interaction and evaporation. The findings of this study will facilitate the development of a proactive plan to safeguard and sustain water resources in the middle-lower basin of the Ctalamochita River. This can be achieved through the implementation of preventive strategies and the introduction of innovative policies.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>39508975</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10653-024-02260-4</doi><tpages>1</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Anions Argentina basins Cations Chemical composition Coliforms Consumption Data analysis Drinking water Drinking Water - chemistry Drinking Water - microbiology Earth and Environmental Science Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental Monitoring - methods Evaporation Freshwater Geochemistry Geology Groundwater Groundwater - chemistry Groundwater - microbiology Groundwater data Groundwater quality Humans Hydrogeochemistry Hydrogeology Inland water environment Livestock microbiological quality Original Paper Parameters Pseudomonas aeruginosa Public Health River basins Rivers Rivers - chemistry Rivers - microbiology Sodium Soil Science & Conservation Surface water Terrestrial Pollution Water analysis Water Microbiology Water policy Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water Quality Water resources Water sampling watersheds |
| title | Assessment of surface and groundwater quality in the Ctalamochita River basin, Argentina: hydrogeochemical characteristics and exploratory data analysis |
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