A large cohort from an immunology reference center and an algorithm for the follow-up of chronic neutropenia
Chronic neutropenia causes involve nutritional deficiencies and inborn errors of immunity(IEI), such as severe congenital neutropenia. To classify common chronic neutropenia causes in a pediatric immunology unit. We enrolled 109 chronic neutropenia patients admitted to a pediatric immunology departm...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of clinical immunology 2025-12, Vol.45 (1), p.38, Article 38 |
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| creator | Caka, Canan Ergenoğlu, Damla Nur Sinanoğlu, Nidanur Maslak, Ibrahim Cemal Bildik, Hacer Neslihan Çiçek, Begüm Esenboga, Saliha Tezcan, Ilhan Cagdas, Deniz |
| description | Chronic neutropenia causes involve nutritional deficiencies and inborn errors of immunity(IEI), such as severe congenital neutropenia. To classify common chronic neutropenia causes in a pediatric immunology unit. We enrolled 109 chronic neutropenia patients admitted to a pediatric immunology department between 2002–2022. We recorded clinical/laboratory features and genetic characteristics. The male/female ratio was 63/46. Fifty-eight patients had parental consanguinity(57.4%). 26.6% (
n
= 29) patients had at least one individual in their family with neutropenia. Common symtpoms at presentation were upper respiratory tract infections(URTI)(31.1%), oral aphthae(23.6%), skin infections(23.6%), pneumonia(20.8%), and recurrent abscesses(12.3%). Common infections during follow-up were URTI(56.8%), pneumonia(33%), skin infections(25.6%), gastroenteritis(18.3%), and recurrent abscesses(14,6%). Common long-term complications were dental problems(
n
= 51), osteoporosis(
n
= 22), growth retardation(
n
= 14), malignancy(
n
= 16)[myelodysplastic syndrome(
n
= 10), large granulocytic leukemia(
n
= 1), acute lymphoblastic leukemia(
n
= 1), Hodgkin lymphoma(
n
= 1), EBV-related lymphoma(
n
= 1), leiomyosarcoma(
n
= 1), and thyroid neoplasm(
n
= 1)]. We performed a genetic study in 86 patients, and 69(71%) got a genetic diagnosis. Common gene defects were HAX-1(
n
= 26), ELA-2 (ELANE)(
n
= 10), AP3B1(
n
= 4), and ADA-2(
n
= 4) gene defects. The IEI ratio(70.6%) was high. GCSF treatment(93.4%), immunoglobulin replacement therapy(18.7%), and HSCT(15.9%) were the treatment options. The mortality rate was 12.9%(
n
= 14). The most common long term complications were dental problems that is three times more common in patients with known genetic mutations. We prepared an algorithm for chronic neutropenia depending on the present cohort. An important rate of inborn errors of immunity, especially combined immunodeficiency(11.9%) was presented in addition to congenital phagocytic cell defects. Early diagnosis will allow us tailor the disease-specific treatment options sooner, preventing irreversible consequences. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10875-024-01816-4 |
| format | Article |
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n
= 29) patients had at least one individual in their family with neutropenia. Common symtpoms at presentation were upper respiratory tract infections(URTI)(31.1%), oral aphthae(23.6%), skin infections(23.6%), pneumonia(20.8%), and recurrent abscesses(12.3%). Common infections during follow-up were URTI(56.8%), pneumonia(33%), skin infections(25.6%), gastroenteritis(18.3%), and recurrent abscesses(14,6%). Common long-term complications were dental problems(
n
= 51), osteoporosis(
n
= 22), growth retardation(
n
= 14), malignancy(
n
= 16)[myelodysplastic syndrome(
n
= 10), large granulocytic leukemia(
n
= 1), acute lymphoblastic leukemia(
n
= 1), Hodgkin lymphoma(
n
= 1), EBV-related lymphoma(
n
= 1), leiomyosarcoma(
n
= 1), and thyroid neoplasm(
n
= 1)]. We performed a genetic study in 86 patients, and 69(71%) got a genetic diagnosis. Common gene defects were HAX-1(
n
= 26), ELA-2 (ELANE)(
n
= 10), AP3B1(
n
= 4), and ADA-2(
n
= 4) gene defects. The IEI ratio(70.6%) was high. GCSF treatment(93.4%), immunoglobulin replacement therapy(18.7%), and HSCT(15.9%) were the treatment options. The mortality rate was 12.9%(
n
= 14). The most common long term complications were dental problems that is three times more common in patients with known genetic mutations. We prepared an algorithm for chronic neutropenia depending on the present cohort. An important rate of inborn errors of immunity, especially combined immunodeficiency(11.9%) was presented in addition to congenital phagocytic cell defects. Early diagnosis will allow us tailor the disease-specific treatment options sooner, preventing irreversible consequences.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0271-9142</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1573-2592</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2592</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01816-4</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39499404</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Abscesses ; Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; Adolescent ; Algorithms ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Consanguinity ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastroenteritis ; Genetic screening ; Granulocytic leukemia ; Growth rate ; Hodgkin's lymphoma ; Humans ; Immunity ; Immunodeficiency ; Immunology ; Infant ; Infections ; Infectious Diseases ; Internal Medicine ; Leukemia ; Lymphatic leukemia ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Malignancy ; Medical Microbiology ; Myelodysplastic syndrome ; Neutropenia ; Neutropenia - genetics ; Neutropenia - immunology ; Nutrient deficiency ; Original Article ; Osteoporosis ; Patients ; Pediatrics ; Phagocytes ; Pneumonia ; Respiratory tract infection</subject><ispartof>Journal of clinical immunology, 2025-12, Vol.45 (1), p.38, Article 38</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c256t-d5337f90f9351aeef49d49cd254704236259bac8172616a7356e37b55af1de753</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2213-4627</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10875-024-01816-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10875-024-01816-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39499404$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Caka, Canan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ergenoğlu, Damla Nur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sinanoğlu, Nidanur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maslak, Ibrahim Cemal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bildik, Hacer Neslihan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çiçek, Begüm</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esenboga, Saliha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tezcan, Ilhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cagdas, Deniz</creatorcontrib><title>A large cohort from an immunology reference center and an algorithm for the follow-up of chronic neutropenia</title><title>Journal of clinical immunology</title><addtitle>J Clin Immunol</addtitle><addtitle>J Clin Immunol</addtitle><description>Chronic neutropenia causes involve nutritional deficiencies and inborn errors of immunity(IEI), such as severe congenital neutropenia. To classify common chronic neutropenia causes in a pediatric immunology unit. We enrolled 109 chronic neutropenia patients admitted to a pediatric immunology department between 2002–2022. We recorded clinical/laboratory features and genetic characteristics. The male/female ratio was 63/46. Fifty-eight patients had parental consanguinity(57.4%). 26.6% (
n
= 29) patients had at least one individual in their family with neutropenia. Common symtpoms at presentation were upper respiratory tract infections(URTI)(31.1%), oral aphthae(23.6%), skin infections(23.6%), pneumonia(20.8%), and recurrent abscesses(12.3%). Common infections during follow-up were URTI(56.8%), pneumonia(33%), skin infections(25.6%), gastroenteritis(18.3%), and recurrent abscesses(14,6%). Common long-term complications were dental problems(
n
= 51), osteoporosis(
n
= 22), growth retardation(
n
= 14), malignancy(
n
= 16)[myelodysplastic syndrome(
n
= 10), large granulocytic leukemia(
n
= 1), acute lymphoblastic leukemia(
n
= 1), Hodgkin lymphoma(
n
= 1), EBV-related lymphoma(
n
= 1), leiomyosarcoma(
n
= 1), and thyroid neoplasm(
n
= 1)]. We performed a genetic study in 86 patients, and 69(71%) got a genetic diagnosis. Common gene defects were HAX-1(
n
= 26), ELA-2 (ELANE)(
n
= 10), AP3B1(
n
= 4), and ADA-2(
n
= 4) gene defects. The IEI ratio(70.6%) was high. GCSF treatment(93.4%), immunoglobulin replacement therapy(18.7%), and HSCT(15.9%) were the treatment options. The mortality rate was 12.9%(
n
= 14). The most common long term complications were dental problems that is three times more common in patients with known genetic mutations. We prepared an algorithm for chronic neutropenia depending on the present cohort. An important rate of inborn errors of immunity, especially combined immunodeficiency(11.9%) was presented in addition to congenital phagocytic cell defects. Early diagnosis will allow us tailor the disease-specific treatment options sooner, preventing irreversible consequences.</description><subject>Abscesses</subject><subject>Acute lymphoblastic leukemia</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Consanguinity</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Gastroenteritis</subject><subject>Genetic screening</subject><subject>Granulocytic leukemia</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Hodgkin's lymphoma</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunity</subject><subject>Immunodeficiency</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Leukemia</subject><subject>Lymphatic leukemia</subject><subject>Lymphoma</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Malignancy</subject><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subject>Myelodysplastic syndrome</subject><subject>Neutropenia</subject><subject>Neutropenia - genetics</subject><subject>Neutropenia - immunology</subject><subject>Nutrient deficiency</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Osteoporosis</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Phagocytes</subject><subject>Pneumonia</subject><subject>Respiratory tract infection</subject><issn>0271-9142</issn><issn>1573-2592</issn><issn>1573-2592</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kTtPHDEUha0oCDbAH6BAltKkcfBzPC4RIgQJKU2oLa_neneQx97YM4r493hZQqQUqW5xv3Pu4yB0wehXRqm-qoz2WhHKJaGsZx2RH9CKKS0IV4Z_RCvKNSOGSX6CPtX6RCkVHVfH6EQYaYykcoXiNY6ubAD7vM1lxqHkCbuEx2laUo5584wLBCiQfGMgzVBae9gjLm5yGefthEMueN5CqzHm32TZ4Ryw35acRo8TLHPJO0ijO0NHwcUK52_1FD1-u_158508_Li7v7l-IJ6rbiaDEkIHQ4MRijmAIM0gjR-4kppKvr_BrJ3vmeYd65wWqgOh10q5wAbQSpyiLwffXcm_FqizncbqIUaXIC_VCsZl1zOhRUM__4M-5aWktt0rxQztqW4UP1C-5FrbQ-yujJMrz5ZRu8_CHrKwLQv7moWVTXT5Zr2sJxjeJX-e3wBxAGprpQ2Uv7P_Y_sCxuCT3A</recordid><startdate>20251201</startdate><enddate>20251201</enddate><creator>Caka, Canan</creator><creator>Ergenoğlu, Damla Nur</creator><creator>Sinanoğlu, Nidanur</creator><creator>Maslak, Ibrahim Cemal</creator><creator>Bildik, Hacer Neslihan</creator><creator>Çiçek, Begüm</creator><creator>Esenboga, Saliha</creator><creator>Tezcan, Ilhan</creator><creator>Cagdas, Deniz</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2213-4627</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20251201</creationdate><title>A large cohort from an immunology reference center and an algorithm for the follow-up of chronic neutropenia</title><author>Caka, Canan ; Ergenoğlu, Damla Nur ; Sinanoğlu, Nidanur ; Maslak, Ibrahim Cemal ; Bildik, Hacer Neslihan ; Çiçek, Begüm ; Esenboga, Saliha ; Tezcan, Ilhan ; Cagdas, Deniz</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c256t-d5337f90f9351aeef49d49cd254704236259bac8172616a7356e37b55af1de753</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Abscesses</topic><topic>Acute lymphoblastic leukemia</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Consanguinity</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Gastroenteritis</topic><topic>Genetic screening</topic><topic>Granulocytic leukemia</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>Hodgkin's lymphoma</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunity</topic><topic>Immunodeficiency</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious Diseases</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Leukemia</topic><topic>Lymphatic leukemia</topic><topic>Lymphoma</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Malignancy</topic><topic>Medical Microbiology</topic><topic>Myelodysplastic syndrome</topic><topic>Neutropenia</topic><topic>Neutropenia - genetics</topic><topic>Neutropenia - immunology</topic><topic>Nutrient deficiency</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Osteoporosis</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Phagocytes</topic><topic>Pneumonia</topic><topic>Respiratory tract infection</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Caka, Canan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ergenoğlu, Damla Nur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sinanoğlu, Nidanur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maslak, Ibrahim Cemal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bildik, Hacer Neslihan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Çiçek, Begüm</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esenboga, Saliha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tezcan, Ilhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cagdas, Deniz</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of clinical immunology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Caka, Canan</au><au>Ergenoğlu, Damla Nur</au><au>Sinanoğlu, Nidanur</au><au>Maslak, Ibrahim Cemal</au><au>Bildik, Hacer Neslihan</au><au>Çiçek, Begüm</au><au>Esenboga, Saliha</au><au>Tezcan, Ilhan</au><au>Cagdas, Deniz</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A large cohort from an immunology reference center and an algorithm for the follow-up of chronic neutropenia</atitle><jtitle>Journal of clinical immunology</jtitle><stitle>J Clin Immunol</stitle><addtitle>J Clin Immunol</addtitle><date>2025-12-01</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>45</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>38</spage><pages>38-</pages><artnum>38</artnum><issn>0271-9142</issn><issn>1573-2592</issn><eissn>1573-2592</eissn><abstract>Chronic neutropenia causes involve nutritional deficiencies and inborn errors of immunity(IEI), such as severe congenital neutropenia. To classify common chronic neutropenia causes in a pediatric immunology unit. We enrolled 109 chronic neutropenia patients admitted to a pediatric immunology department between 2002–2022. We recorded clinical/laboratory features and genetic characteristics. The male/female ratio was 63/46. Fifty-eight patients had parental consanguinity(57.4%). 26.6% (
n
= 29) patients had at least one individual in their family with neutropenia. Common symtpoms at presentation were upper respiratory tract infections(URTI)(31.1%), oral aphthae(23.6%), skin infections(23.6%), pneumonia(20.8%), and recurrent abscesses(12.3%). Common infections during follow-up were URTI(56.8%), pneumonia(33%), skin infections(25.6%), gastroenteritis(18.3%), and recurrent abscesses(14,6%). Common long-term complications were dental problems(
n
= 51), osteoporosis(
n
= 22), growth retardation(
n
= 14), malignancy(
n
= 16)[myelodysplastic syndrome(
n
= 10), large granulocytic leukemia(
n
= 1), acute lymphoblastic leukemia(
n
= 1), Hodgkin lymphoma(
n
= 1), EBV-related lymphoma(
n
= 1), leiomyosarcoma(
n
= 1), and thyroid neoplasm(
n
= 1)]. We performed a genetic study in 86 patients, and 69(71%) got a genetic diagnosis. Common gene defects were HAX-1(
n
= 26), ELA-2 (ELANE)(
n
= 10), AP3B1(
n
= 4), and ADA-2(
n
= 4) gene defects. The IEI ratio(70.6%) was high. GCSF treatment(93.4%), immunoglobulin replacement therapy(18.7%), and HSCT(15.9%) were the treatment options. The mortality rate was 12.9%(
n
= 14). The most common long term complications were dental problems that is three times more common in patients with known genetic mutations. We prepared an algorithm for chronic neutropenia depending on the present cohort. An important rate of inborn errors of immunity, especially combined immunodeficiency(11.9%) was presented in addition to congenital phagocytic cell defects. Early diagnosis will allow us tailor the disease-specific treatment options sooner, preventing irreversible consequences.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>39499404</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10875-024-01816-4</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2213-4627</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0271-9142 |
| ispartof | Journal of clinical immunology, 2025-12, Vol.45 (1), p.38, Article 38 |
| issn | 0271-9142 1573-2592 1573-2592 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_3124681373 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Abscesses Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Adolescent Algorithms Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Child Child, Preschool Cohort Studies Consanguinity Diagnosis Female Follow-Up Studies Gastroenteritis Genetic screening Granulocytic leukemia Growth rate Hodgkin's lymphoma Humans Immunity Immunodeficiency Immunology Infant Infections Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine Leukemia Lymphatic leukemia Lymphoma Male Malignancy Medical Microbiology Myelodysplastic syndrome Neutropenia Neutropenia - genetics Neutropenia - immunology Nutrient deficiency Original Article Osteoporosis Patients Pediatrics Phagocytes Pneumonia Respiratory tract infection |
| title | A large cohort from an immunology reference center and an algorithm for the follow-up of chronic neutropenia |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-22T05%3A09%3A39IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20large%20cohort%20from%20an%20immunology%20reference%20center%20and%20an%20algorithm%20for%20the%20follow-up%20of%20chronic%20neutropenia&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20clinical%20immunology&rft.au=Caka,%20Canan&rft.date=2025-12-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=38&rft.pages=38-&rft.artnum=38&rft.issn=0271-9142&rft.eissn=1573-2592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s10875-024-01816-4&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E3124190807%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3124190807&rft_id=info:pmid/39499404&rfr_iscdi=true |