Hygrothermal ageing of an epoxy adhesive used in FRP strengthening of concrete
The efficiency of strengthening of deteriorating concrete through the external bonding of prefabricated fiber reinforced composite strips to the concrete substrate depends on the durability of the adhesive. In this application, adhesives can be exposed to water and salt water, as well as alkali solu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied polymer science 2008-02, Vol.107 (4), p.2607-2617 |
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| container_title | Journal of applied polymer science |
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| creator | Yang, Quan Xian, Guijun Karbhari, Vistasp M. |
| description | The efficiency of strengthening of deteriorating concrete through the external bonding of prefabricated fiber reinforced composite strips to the concrete substrate depends on the durability of the adhesive. In this application, adhesives can be exposed to water and salt water, as well as alkali solution resulting from the permeation of water through concrete. This paper presents the results of a durability program designed to study the effects of ageing and environment on the durability of a typical adhesive used in external bonding, through characterization of moisture uptake and cure and investigation by dynamic thermal mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile testing. It is seen that the adhesive shows two‐stage diffusion with primary deterioration taking place in the first phase. Exposure to moisture is seen to cause plasticization and decreases in performance characteristics. The decrease in glass transition temperature due to hygrothermal ageing is such that the level is very close to the Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) recommended value of the wet glass transition temperature being at least 30°F higher than the maximum operation temperature. Overall, the effect of salt solution exposure is seen to have the least effect, whereas exposure to concrete based alkali solution has the greatest deteriorative effect. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/app.27287 |
| format | Article |
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In this application, adhesives can be exposed to water and salt water, as well as alkali solution resulting from the permeation of water through concrete. This paper presents the results of a durability program designed to study the effects of ageing and environment on the durability of a typical adhesive used in external bonding, through characterization of moisture uptake and cure and investigation by dynamic thermal mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile testing. It is seen that the adhesive shows two‐stage diffusion with primary deterioration taking place in the first phase. Exposure to moisture is seen to cause plasticization and decreases in performance characteristics. The decrease in glass transition temperature due to hygrothermal ageing is such that the level is very close to the Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) recommended value of the wet glass transition temperature being at least 30°F higher than the maximum operation temperature. Overall, the effect of salt solution exposure is seen to have the least effect, whereas exposure to concrete based alkali solution has the greatest deteriorative effect. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8995</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-4628</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/app.27287</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPNAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><subject>adhesives ; Ageing ; alkali ; Applied sciences ; durability ; epoxy ; Exact sciences and technology ; Physical properties ; Polymer industry, paints, wood ; Properties and testing ; salt water ; Technology of polymers ; water</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied polymer science, 2008-02, Vol.107 (4), p.2607-2617</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3687-d9c052158f9b480877b8c4bd6aa24d06f87ad676fa78ee874abc13914189ef2f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3687-d9c052158f9b480877b8c4bd6aa24d06f87ad676fa78ee874abc13914189ef2f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fapp.27287$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fapp.27287$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19962340$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yang, Quan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xian, Guijun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karbhari, Vistasp M.</creatorcontrib><title>Hygrothermal ageing of an epoxy adhesive used in FRP strengthening of concrete</title><title>Journal of applied polymer science</title><addtitle>J. Appl. Polym. Sci</addtitle><description>The efficiency of strengthening of deteriorating concrete through the external bonding of prefabricated fiber reinforced composite strips to the concrete substrate depends on the durability of the adhesive. In this application, adhesives can be exposed to water and salt water, as well as alkali solution resulting from the permeation of water through concrete. This paper presents the results of a durability program designed to study the effects of ageing and environment on the durability of a typical adhesive used in external bonding, through characterization of moisture uptake and cure and investigation by dynamic thermal mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile testing. It is seen that the adhesive shows two‐stage diffusion with primary deterioration taking place in the first phase. Exposure to moisture is seen to cause plasticization and decreases in performance characteristics. The decrease in glass transition temperature due to hygrothermal ageing is such that the level is very close to the Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) recommended value of the wet glass transition temperature being at least 30°F higher than the maximum operation temperature. Overall, the effect of salt solution exposure is seen to have the least effect, whereas exposure to concrete based alkali solution has the greatest deteriorative effect. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008</description><subject>adhesives</subject><subject>Ageing</subject><subject>alkali</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>durability</subject><subject>epoxy</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Physical properties</subject><subject>Polymer industry, paints, wood</subject><subject>Properties and testing</subject><subject>salt water</subject><subject>Technology of polymers</subject><subject>water</subject><issn>0021-8995</issn><issn>1097-4628</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kM1O4zAURi00SHSABW_gDSOxCNiO458lqigwQlAhEOysW-e6BNIk2CnQtycz7QwrVndxzzmLj5ADzo45Y-IEuu5YaGH0FhlxZnUmlTA_yGj48cxYW-yQnyk9M8Z5wdSIXF-s5rHtnzAuoKYwx6qZ0zZQaCh27ceKQvmEqXpDukxY0qqhk9spTX3EZj5YzQb3beMj9rhHtgPUCfc3d5fcT87uxhfZ1c355fj0KvO5MjorrWeF4IUJdiYNM1rPjJezUgEIWTIVjIZSaRVAG0SjJcw8zy2X3FgMIuS75Ne628X2dYmpd4sqeaxraLBdJpdzIaSScgCP1qCPbUoRg-titYC4cpy5P4u5YTH3d7GBPdxEIXmoQ4TGV-lLsFaJXLKBO1lz71WNq--D7nQ6_VfO1kaVevz4b0B8cUrnunAP1-dOPIqxffht3Dj_BDtZiN8</recordid><startdate>20080215</startdate><enddate>20080215</enddate><creator>Yang, Quan</creator><creator>Xian, Guijun</creator><creator>Karbhari, Vistasp M.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</general><general>Wiley</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20080215</creationdate><title>Hygrothermal ageing of an epoxy adhesive used in FRP strengthening of concrete</title><author>Yang, Quan ; Xian, Guijun ; Karbhari, Vistasp M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3687-d9c052158f9b480877b8c4bd6aa24d06f87ad676fa78ee874abc13914189ef2f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>adhesives</topic><topic>Ageing</topic><topic>alkali</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>durability</topic><topic>epoxy</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Physical properties</topic><topic>Polymer industry, paints, wood</topic><topic>Properties and testing</topic><topic>salt water</topic><topic>Technology of polymers</topic><topic>water</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yang, Quan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xian, Guijun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karbhari, Vistasp M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied polymer science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yang, Quan</au><au>Xian, Guijun</au><au>Karbhari, Vistasp M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hygrothermal ageing of an epoxy adhesive used in FRP strengthening of concrete</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied polymer science</jtitle><addtitle>J. Appl. Polym. Sci</addtitle><date>2008-02-15</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>107</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>2607</spage><epage>2617</epage><pages>2607-2617</pages><issn>0021-8995</issn><eissn>1097-4628</eissn><coden>JAPNAB</coden><abstract>The efficiency of strengthening of deteriorating concrete through the external bonding of prefabricated fiber reinforced composite strips to the concrete substrate depends on the durability of the adhesive. In this application, adhesives can be exposed to water and salt water, as well as alkali solution resulting from the permeation of water through concrete. This paper presents the results of a durability program designed to study the effects of ageing and environment on the durability of a typical adhesive used in external bonding, through characterization of moisture uptake and cure and investigation by dynamic thermal mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile testing. It is seen that the adhesive shows two‐stage diffusion with primary deterioration taking place in the first phase. Exposure to moisture is seen to cause plasticization and decreases in performance characteristics. The decrease in glass transition temperature due to hygrothermal ageing is such that the level is very close to the Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) recommended value of the wet glass transition temperature being at least 30°F higher than the maximum operation temperature. Overall, the effect of salt solution exposure is seen to have the least effect, whereas exposure to concrete based alkali solution has the greatest deteriorative effect. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</pub><doi>10.1002/app.27287</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals |
| subjects | adhesives Ageing alkali Applied sciences durability epoxy Exact sciences and technology Physical properties Polymer industry, paints, wood Properties and testing salt water Technology of polymers water |
| title | Hygrothermal ageing of an epoxy adhesive used in FRP strengthening of concrete |
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