Polysaccharides from Lonicera japonica Thunb.: Extraction, purification, structural features and biological activities—A review

Lonicera japonica Thunb.,commonly referred to as Caprifolium japonicum (Thunb.) Dum. Cours.,is a perennial herb classified under the caprifoliaceae family. It is utilized worldwide as a medicinal plant and also serves as food source and an ornamental plant. Lonicera japonica Thunb. polysaccharides (LJP) constitute one of its primary components, demonstrating a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-Alzheimer's, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer effects. This paper reviews and summarizes recent research advancements on the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, and biological activities of LJP, offering a valuable foundation and up-to-date insights for the continued development and application of LJP in pharmaceutical and functional food sectors. •Extraction and purification methods of Lonicera japonica Thunb. polysaccharides (LJP) were summarized.•Structural characteristics and chemical modifications of LJP were introduced.•Diversified biological activities and underlying mechanisms of LJP were elaborated.•Future perspectives and challenges of LJP were proposed.