Monocultures vs. polyculture of microalgae: unveiling physiological changes to facilitate growth in ammonium rich‐medium

Due to the increasing production of wastewater from human activities, the use of algal consortia for phytoremediation has become well‐established over the past decade. Understanding how interspecific interactions and cultivation modes (monocultures vs. polyculture) influence algal growth and behavio...

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Veröffentlicht in:Physiologia plantarum 2024-09, Vol.176 (5), p.e14574-n/a
Hauptverfasser: Mollo, Lorenzo, Petrucciani, Alessandra, Norici, Alessandra
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Norici, Alessandra
description Due to the increasing production of wastewater from human activities, the use of algal consortia for phytoremediation has become well‐established over the past decade. Understanding how interspecific interactions and cultivation modes (monocultures vs. polyculture) influence algal growth and behaviour is a cutting‐edge topic in both fundamental and applied science. Ammonium‐rich growth media were used to challenge the monocultures of Auxenochlorella protothecoides, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Tetradesmus obliquus, as well as their polyculture; NO3− was also used as the sole nitrogen chemical form in control cultures. The study primarily compared the growth, carbon and nitrogen metabolisms, and protein content of the green microalgae monocultures to those of their consortium. Overall, the cultivation mode significantly affected all the measured parameters. Notably, at 50 mM NH4+, the assimilation rates of carbon and nitrogen were at least twice as high as those in the monoculture counterparts, and the protein content was three times more abundant.Additionally, the consortium's response to NH4+ toxicity was investigated by observing a linear relationship between the indicator of tolerance to NH4+ nutrition and the N isotopic signature. The study highlighted a high degree of acclimation through metabolic flexibility and diversity, as well as species abundance plasticity in the consortium, resulting in a functional resilience that would otherwise have been unattainable by the respective monocultures.
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subjects Acclimation
Acclimatization
Algae
Algal growth
Ammonium
Ammonium Compounds - metabolism
Aquatic microorganisms
Auxenochlorella protothecoides
Carbon
Carbon - metabolism
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - growth & development
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - metabolism
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - physiology
Consortia
Cultivation
Culture Media - chemistry
Functional plasticity
Growth media
humans
Interspecific relationships
Microalgae
Microalgae - growth & development
Microalgae - metabolism
Microalgae - physiology
Monoculture
Nitrogen
Nitrogen - metabolism
nutrition
Phytoremediation
plasticity
Polyculture
protein content
Protein structure
Proteins
species abundance
Species diversity
Tetradesmus
toxicity
Toxicity tolerance
wastewater
title Monocultures vs. polyculture of microalgae: unveiling physiological changes to facilitate growth in ammonium rich‐medium
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