Association between pelvic inflammatory disease and risk of ovarian, uterine, cervical, and vaginal cancers—a meta-analysis

Background and aim The present meta-analysis aims to investigate a potential link between pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and an increased risk of genitourinary cancers (ovarian, cervical, uterus, and vagina cancers). While previous research has hinted at a possible link, this meta-analysis seeks...

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Veröffentlicht in:Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2024-11, Vol.310 (5), p.2577-2585
Hauptverfasser: Syed Khaja, Azharuddin Sajid, Saleem, Mohd, Zafar, Mubashir, Moursi, Soha, Mohammed, Ghorashy Eltayeb Yousif, Shahid, Syed Monowar Alam, Hammam, Sahar, Moussa, Safia, Alharbi, Mohammed Salem, Alshammari, Ahmed Nawi
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container_end_page 2585
container_issue 5
container_start_page 2577
container_title Archives of gynecology and obstetrics
container_volume 310
creator Syed Khaja, Azharuddin Sajid
Saleem, Mohd
Zafar, Mubashir
Moursi, Soha
Mohammed, Ghorashy Eltayeb Yousif
Shahid, Syed Monowar Alam
Hammam, Sahar
Moussa, Safia
Alharbi, Mohammed Salem
Alshammari, Ahmed Nawi
description Background and aim The present meta-analysis aims to investigate a potential link between pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and an increased risk of genitourinary cancers (ovarian, cervical, uterus, and vagina cancers). While previous research has hinted at a possible link, this meta-analysis seeks to delve deeper into the available evidence. Understanding this association is crucial for preventive strategies and improving clinical management practices. Methodology A comprehensive literature search was conducted across various databases, covering studies published between 2016 and 2024. We included 13 observational studies meeting stringent criteria, followed by meticulous data extraction and quality assessment. Meta-analytical techniques were then employed to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs), adjusted hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with heterogeneity assessed using the I 2 statistic. Results Our analysis revealed significant findings, underscoring the association between PID and increased risks of genitourinary cancers. Specifically, individuals with a history of PID demonstrated notably higher odds of developing ovarian cancer (OR = 1.477, 95% CI 1.033–2.207), uterine cancer (OR = 1.263, 95% CI 0.827–2.143), cervical cancer (OR = 1.000, 95% CI 0.900–1.100), and vaginal cancer (OR = 2.500, 95% CI 1.400–4.000) compared to those without such a history. The overall heterogeneity across studies was high ( I 2  = 82.92%), suggesting varying trends across different populations and study designs. Conclusion This meta-analysis provides updated evidence supporting a significant association between PID and an increased risk of cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancers. Early detection and management of PID are crucial in potentially mitigating the risk of these cancers.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00404-024-07748-z
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While previous research has hinted at a possible link, this meta-analysis seeks to delve deeper into the available evidence. Understanding this association is crucial for preventive strategies and improving clinical management practices. Methodology A comprehensive literature search was conducted across various databases, covering studies published between 2016 and 2024. We included 13 observational studies meeting stringent criteria, followed by meticulous data extraction and quality assessment. Meta-analytical techniques were then employed to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs), adjusted hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with heterogeneity assessed using the I 2 statistic. Results Our analysis revealed significant findings, underscoring the association between PID and increased risks of genitourinary cancers. Specifically, individuals with a history of PID demonstrated notably higher odds of developing ovarian cancer (OR = 1.477, 95% CI 1.033–2.207), uterine cancer (OR = 1.263, 95% CI 0.827–2.143), cervical cancer (OR = 1.000, 95% CI 0.900–1.100), and vaginal cancer (OR = 2.500, 95% CI 1.400–4.000) compared to those without such a history. The overall heterogeneity across studies was high ( I 2  = 82.92%), suggesting varying trends across different populations and study designs. Conclusion This meta-analysis provides updated evidence supporting a significant association between PID and an increased risk of cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancers. 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Specifically, individuals with a history of PID demonstrated notably higher odds of developing ovarian cancer (OR = 1.477, 95% CI 1.033–2.207), uterine cancer (OR = 1.263, 95% CI 0.827–2.143), cervical cancer (OR = 1.000, 95% CI 0.900–1.100), and vaginal cancer (OR = 2.500, 95% CI 1.400–4.000) compared to those without such a history. The overall heterogeneity across studies was high ( I 2  = 82.92%), suggesting varying trends across different populations and study designs. Conclusion This meta-analysis provides updated evidence supporting a significant association between PID and an increased risk of cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancers. 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While previous research has hinted at a possible link, this meta-analysis seeks to delve deeper into the available evidence. Understanding this association is crucial for preventive strategies and improving clinical management practices. Methodology A comprehensive literature search was conducted across various databases, covering studies published between 2016 and 2024. We included 13 observational studies meeting stringent criteria, followed by meticulous data extraction and quality assessment. Meta-analytical techniques were then employed to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs), adjusted hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with heterogeneity assessed using the I 2 statistic. Results Our analysis revealed significant findings, underscoring the association between PID and increased risks of genitourinary cancers. Specifically, individuals with a history of PID demonstrated notably higher odds of developing ovarian cancer (OR = 1.477, 95% CI 1.033–2.207), uterine cancer (OR = 1.263, 95% CI 0.827–2.143), cervical cancer (OR = 1.000, 95% CI 0.900–1.100), and vaginal cancer (OR = 2.500, 95% CI 1.400–4.000) compared to those without such a history. The overall heterogeneity across studies was high ( I 2  = 82.92%), suggesting varying trends across different populations and study designs. Conclusion This meta-analysis provides updated evidence supporting a significant association between PID and an increased risk of cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancers. Early detection and management of PID are crucial in potentially mitigating the risk of these cancers.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>39327298</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00404-024-07748-z</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1594-1826</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Cervical cancer
Endocrinology
Female
General Gynecology
Genital cancers
Gynecological cancer
Gynecology
Health risks
Human Genetics
Humans
Inflammatory diseases
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-analysis
Obstetrics/Perinatology/Midwifery
Odds Ratio
Ovarian cancer
Ovarian Neoplasms - epidemiology
Ovarian Neoplasms - etiology
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - complications
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - epidemiology
Risk Factors
Uterine cancer
Uterine Neoplasms - epidemiology
Vagina
Vaginal Neoplasms - epidemiology
title Association between pelvic inflammatory disease and risk of ovarian, uterine, cervical, and vaginal cancers—a meta-analysis
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