Invasion stage and competition intensity co-drive reproductive strategies of native and invasive saltmarsh plants: Evidence from field data

Biological invasion poses a significant threat to biodiversity conservation and also results in substantial economic loss including the excessive cost of management to control it. Still, its impact on plant sexual reproduction strategies remains underexplored in natural settings. We conducted a fiel...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Science of the total environment 2024-12, Vol.954, p.176383, Article 176383
Hauptverfasser: Zhang, Jingya, Ning, Yuanli, Li, Jiaxu, Shi, Zilin, Zhang, Qinze, Li, Longqin, Kang, Binyue, Du, Zhibo, Luo, Jingchun, He, Mengxuan, Li, Hongyuan
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container_title The Science of the total environment
container_volume 954
creator Zhang, Jingya
Ning, Yuanli
Li, Jiaxu
Shi, Zilin
Zhang, Qinze
Li, Longqin
Kang, Binyue
Du, Zhibo
Luo, Jingchun
He, Mengxuan
Li, Hongyuan
description Biological invasion poses a significant threat to biodiversity conservation and also results in substantial economic loss including the excessive cost of management to control it. Still, its impact on plant sexual reproduction strategies remains underexplored in natural settings. We conducted a field experiment on native Phragmites australis and invasive Spartina alterniflora in Bohai Bay and assessed plant size (aboveground biomass and height) and sexual reproduction (ear biomass, reproductive allocation, etc.) in conjunction with water and soil properties. The results showed that during the early stage of invasion, the two species declined in size and sexual reproduction, with S. alterniflora showing a lesser decline than P. australis. However, in the late stage of invasion, S. alterniflora maintained its plant size by reducing its investment in sexual reproduction. Moreover, significant reproductive allometries were demonstrated by S. alterniflora under different competition intensities. P. australis displayed heightened sensitivity to water properties and soil non-resource conditions, while S. alterniflora adapted its inherent traits and environmental tolerance. S. alterniflora allocated more resources to thriving as an individual, while P. australis prioritized reproduction by increasing seed production. Overall, this study revealed the reproductive strategies that invasive and native species employ in response to competition and environmental factors, thereby offering crucial insights for conservation and management efforts. [Display omitted] •Analyzed reproductive strategies across invasion stages and competition intensities.•Invasive plants prioritized growth; native plants boosted reproduction to survive.•Native plants was sensitive, while invasive plants tolerated water and soil changes.•Findings informed targeted, stage-specific strategies for managing invasive plants.
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Still, its impact on plant sexual reproduction strategies remains underexplored in natural settings. We conducted a field experiment on native Phragmites australis and invasive Spartina alterniflora in Bohai Bay and assessed plant size (aboveground biomass and height) and sexual reproduction (ear biomass, reproductive allocation, etc.) in conjunction with water and soil properties. The results showed that during the early stage of invasion, the two species declined in size and sexual reproduction, with S. alterniflora showing a lesser decline than P. australis. However, in the late stage of invasion, S. alterniflora maintained its plant size by reducing its investment in sexual reproduction. Moreover, significant reproductive allometries were demonstrated by S. alterniflora under different competition intensities. P. australis displayed heightened sensitivity to water properties and soil non-resource conditions, while S. alterniflora adapted its inherent traits and environmental tolerance. S. alterniflora allocated more resources to thriving as an individual, while P. australis prioritized reproduction by increasing seed production. Overall, this study revealed the reproductive strategies that invasive and native species employ in response to competition and environmental factors, thereby offering crucial insights for conservation and management efforts. [Display omitted] •Analyzed reproductive strategies across invasion stages and competition intensities.•Invasive plants prioritized growth; native plants boosted reproduction to survive.•Native plants was sensitive, while invasive plants tolerated water and soil changes.•Findings informed targeted, stage-specific strategies for managing invasive plants.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0048-9697</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1879-1026</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1026</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176383</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39312978</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Biological invasion ; Competition ; Invasive plant ; Native plant ; Plastic response ; Sexual reproduction</subject><ispartof>The Science of the total environment, 2024-12, Vol.954, p.176383, Article 176383</ispartof><rights>2024</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024. 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subjects Biological invasion
Competition
Invasive plant
Native plant
Plastic response
Sexual reproduction
title Invasion stage and competition intensity co-drive reproductive strategies of native and invasive saltmarsh plants: Evidence from field data
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