Agricultural waste–based biochars for sustainable removal of heavy metals from stabilized landfill leachate

In this work, biochars were used as adsorbents to remove Cu, Cd, and Zn ions in a real stabilized leachate from a controlled landfill. Oak fruit shells biochar (OFSBC) and date palm fibers biochar (DPFBC) were obtained by pyrolysis of oak fruit shells and date palm fibers at 700 °C and 400 °C, respe...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2024-10, Vol.31 (47), p.57733-57747
Hauptverfasser: Soudani, Amina, Youcef, Leila, Chebbi, Meriem, Bulgariu, Laura, Patel, Nageshvar
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container_issue 47
container_start_page 57733
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creator Soudani, Amina
Youcef, Leila
Chebbi, Meriem
Bulgariu, Laura
Patel, Nageshvar
description In this work, biochars were used as adsorbents to remove Cu, Cd, and Zn ions in a real stabilized leachate from a controlled landfill. Oak fruit shells biochar (OFSBC) and date palm fibers biochar (DPFBC) were obtained by pyrolysis of oak fruit shells and date palm fibers at 700 °C and 400 °C, respectively. OFSBC and DPFBC showed well-developed structures and high specific surface areas (520.16 m 2 /g and 470.46 m 2 /g, respectively). Equilibrium adsorption of heavy metal ions on DPFBC and OFSBC occurred after 4 h and 2 h of stirring. The removal efficiencies of Cu, Cd, and Zn ions were 97.01%, 94.40%, and 80.59% with DPFBC and 90.10%, 88.33%, and 76.16% using OFSBC, respectively. The Avrami fractional order model was appropriate for describing kinetic adsorption. Increasing the dose of adsorbent improves heavy metal ion retention. Thermodynamic tests have proven the spontaneous and endothermic adsorption of these heavy metals. The electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, complexation, metal-π bending, and surface precipitation and pore filling were regarded as the most predominant heavy metal retention mechanisms from the landfill leachate onto the biochar surface. Separately, the DPFBC showed the best performance than OFSBC regarding the improvement of leachate quality. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH 3 -N), and phosphorus (P) were respectively removed at an efficiency of 53.57%, 29.17%, 36.07%, and 37.5%, respectively. Thus, the results allow highlighting that the adsorption on DPFBC and OFSBC can be an effective alternative in the practice of landfill leachate treatment.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11356-024-34946-8
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subjects Adsorbents
Adsorption
Agricultural wastes
Ammonia
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Biochemical oxygen demand
Cadmium
Charcoal
Chemical oxygen demand
Copper
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Fibers
Fruits
Heavy metals
Ion exchange
Landfill
Landfills
Leachates
Metal ions
Pyrolysis
Research Article
Retention
Shells
Waste disposal sites
Waste Water Technology
Wastewater treatment
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
Water pollution treatment
Zinc
title Agricultural waste–based biochars for sustainable removal of heavy metals from stabilized landfill leachate
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