Correlating Cases of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Remote Sensing Covariates: A Case Study Utilizing 2015, 2017, and 2019 Metadata of Camarines Sur, Philippines
Introduction Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is a group of helminths that are considered to be neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and, globally, affect more than 1.5 to 2.6 million people yearly. Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or...
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description | Introduction
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is a group of helminths that are considered to be neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and, globally, affect more than 1.5 to 2.6 million people yearly. Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH (
Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura,
and
Necator americanus
) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur.
Objectives
To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur.
Methodology
The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient.
Results
The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and
A. lumbricoides
caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation.
Conclusion
This indicates that infection relied not mainly on vegetation and urbanization but on additional environmental factors and non-environmental variables. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_3099854806</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3099854806</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c256t-176063b10beb8e59a4aab74ac07f19de3e314ba76c98512f93a35af537cb2eba3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9Uc1u1DAQthCIloUX4IAsceGwBv8ksc2tioAiFYHY9mxNkkmbKnEW20Eqb8Ob4uwWkDhwGY8834_HHyHPBX8tONdvohCVqRiXBePccsvsA3IqjK2YMKV4mHupOJNGihPyJMZbzovKGPOYnCgrhZa6OCU_6zkEHCEN_prWEDHSuae7eRjZZQAfpyEl7Og5jtPg002k4Dv6Fac5Id2hjwfa_B3CAAnjW3p2EKG7tHR39CoN4_BjhUguyu1a9fagkDtLP2GCDhKsjjVMWcNn-90StvTLTWbu9-vFU_KohzHis_tzQ67ev7usz9nF5w8f67ML1sqySkzoileqEbzBxmBpoQBodAEt172wHSpUomhAV63NnyN7q0CV0JdKt43EBtSGvDrq7sP8bcGY3DTEFscRPM5LdIrbzCxMdtmQl_9Ab-cl-Pw6l01KLXMtMkoeUW2YYwzYu30Y8pZ3TnC3BuiOAbocoDsE6GwmvbiXXpoJuz-U34llgDoCYh75awx_vf8j-wtoX6S6</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3145723144</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Correlating Cases of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Remote Sensing Covariates: A Case Study Utilizing 2015, 2017, and 2019 Metadata of Camarines Sur, Philippines</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Ricafort, John Albert C. ; Ricafort, John Benedict C. ; Recopuerto-Medina, Loida M. ; Dagamac, Nikki Heherson A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Ricafort, John Albert C. ; Ricafort, John Benedict C. ; Recopuerto-Medina, Loida M. ; Dagamac, Nikki Heherson A.</creatorcontrib><description>Introduction
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is a group of helminths that are considered to be neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and, globally, affect more than 1.5 to 2.6 million people yearly. Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH (
Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura,
and
Necator americanus
) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur.
Objectives
To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur.
Methodology
The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient.
Results
The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and
A. lumbricoides
caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation.
Conclusion
This indicates that infection relied not mainly on vegetation and urbanization but on additional environmental factors and non-environmental variables.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1230-2821</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1896-1851</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1896-1851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39217274</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography ; Animals ; Ascariasis - epidemiology ; Ascaris lumbricoides - isolation & purification ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Child ; Correlation coefficient ; Correlation coefficients ; Ecology ; Environmental factors ; Geographic Information Systems ; Helminthiasis - epidemiology ; Helminthiasis - transmission ; Helminths - classification ; Helminths - isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infections ; Medical Microbiology ; Microbiology ; Necator americanus - isolation & purification ; Necatoriasis - epidemiology ; Necatoriasis - parasitology ; Neglected Diseases - epidemiology ; Neglected Diseases - parasitology ; Normalized difference vegetative index ; Original Paper ; Parasitology ; Philippines - epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Public health ; Remote sensing ; Remote Sensing Technology ; Soil - parasitology ; Trichuriasis - epidemiology ; Trichuris - isolation & purification ; Tropical environments ; Urbanization ; Vegetation</subject><ispartof>Acta parasitologica, 2024-12, Vol.69 (4), p.1852-1859</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024 Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Nature B.V. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c256t-176063b10beb8e59a4aab74ac07f19de3e314ba76c98512f93a35af537cb2eba3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5155-5415</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39217274$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ricafort, John Albert C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ricafort, John Benedict C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Recopuerto-Medina, Loida M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dagamac, Nikki Heherson A.</creatorcontrib><title>Correlating Cases of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Remote Sensing Covariates: A Case Study Utilizing 2015, 2017, and 2019 Metadata of Camarines Sur, Philippines</title><title>Acta parasitologica</title><addtitle>Acta Parasit</addtitle><addtitle>Acta Parasitol</addtitle><description>Introduction
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is a group of helminths that are considered to be neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and, globally, affect more than 1.5 to 2.6 million people yearly. Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH (
Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura,
and
Necator americanus
) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur.
Objectives
To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur.
Methodology
The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient.
Results
The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and
A. lumbricoides
caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation.
Conclusion
This indicates that infection relied not mainly on vegetation and urbanization but on additional environmental factors and non-environmental variables.</description><subject>Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Ascariasis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Ascaris lumbricoides - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Correlation coefficient</subject><subject>Correlation coefficients</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Environmental factors</subject><subject>Geographic Information Systems</subject><subject>Helminthiasis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Helminthiasis - transmission</subject><subject>Helminths - classification</subject><subject>Helminths - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Necator americanus - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Necatoriasis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Necatoriasis - parasitology</subject><subject>Neglected Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Neglected Diseases - parasitology</subject><subject>Normalized difference vegetative index</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Parasitology</subject><subject>Philippines - epidemiology</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Remote sensing</subject><subject>Remote Sensing Technology</subject><subject>Soil - parasitology</subject><subject>Trichuriasis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Trichuris - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Tropical environments</subject><subject>Urbanization</subject><subject>Vegetation</subject><issn>1230-2821</issn><issn>1896-1851</issn><issn>1896-1851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9Uc1u1DAQthCIloUX4IAsceGwBv8ksc2tioAiFYHY9mxNkkmbKnEW20Eqb8Ob4uwWkDhwGY8834_HHyHPBX8tONdvohCVqRiXBePccsvsA3IqjK2YMKV4mHupOJNGihPyJMZbzovKGPOYnCgrhZa6OCU_6zkEHCEN_prWEDHSuae7eRjZZQAfpyEl7Og5jtPg002k4Dv6Fac5Id2hjwfa_B3CAAnjW3p2EKG7tHR39CoN4_BjhUguyu1a9fagkDtLP2GCDhKsjjVMWcNn-90StvTLTWbu9-vFU_KohzHis_tzQ67ev7usz9nF5w8f67ML1sqySkzoileqEbzBxmBpoQBodAEt172wHSpUomhAV63NnyN7q0CV0JdKt43EBtSGvDrq7sP8bcGY3DTEFscRPM5LdIrbzCxMdtmQl_9Ab-cl-Pw6l01KLXMtMkoeUW2YYwzYu30Y8pZ3TnC3BuiOAbocoDsE6GwmvbiXXpoJuz-U34llgDoCYh75awx_vf8j-wtoX6S6</recordid><startdate>20241201</startdate><enddate>20241201</enddate><creator>Ricafort, John Albert C.</creator><creator>Ricafort, John Benedict C.</creator><creator>Recopuerto-Medina, Loida M.</creator><creator>Dagamac, Nikki Heherson A.</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5155-5415</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241201</creationdate><title>Correlating Cases of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Remote Sensing Covariates: A Case Study Utilizing 2015, 2017, and 2019 Metadata of Camarines Sur, Philippines</title><author>Ricafort, John Albert C. ; Ricafort, John Benedict C. ; Recopuerto-Medina, Loida M. ; Dagamac, Nikki Heherson A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c256t-176063b10beb8e59a4aab74ac07f19de3e314ba76c98512f93a35af537cb2eba3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Ascariasis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Ascaris lumbricoides - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Correlation coefficient</topic><topic>Correlation coefficients</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Environmental factors</topic><topic>Geographic Information Systems</topic><topic>Helminthiasis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Helminthiasis - transmission</topic><topic>Helminths - classification</topic><topic>Helminths - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Medical Microbiology</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Necator americanus - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Necatoriasis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Necatoriasis - parasitology</topic><topic>Neglected Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Neglected Diseases - parasitology</topic><topic>Normalized difference vegetative index</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Parasitology</topic><topic>Philippines - epidemiology</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Remote sensing</topic><topic>Remote Sensing Technology</topic><topic>Soil - parasitology</topic><topic>Trichuriasis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Trichuris - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Tropical environments</topic><topic>Urbanization</topic><topic>Vegetation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ricafort, John Albert C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ricafort, John Benedict C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Recopuerto-Medina, Loida M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dagamac, Nikki Heherson A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Acta parasitologica</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ricafort, John Albert C.</au><au>Ricafort, John Benedict C.</au><au>Recopuerto-Medina, Loida M.</au><au>Dagamac, Nikki Heherson A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Correlating Cases of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Remote Sensing Covariates: A Case Study Utilizing 2015, 2017, and 2019 Metadata of Camarines Sur, Philippines</atitle><jtitle>Acta parasitologica</jtitle><stitle>Acta Parasit</stitle><addtitle>Acta Parasitol</addtitle><date>2024-12-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>69</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1852</spage><epage>1859</epage><pages>1852-1859</pages><issn>1230-2821</issn><issn>1896-1851</issn><eissn>1896-1851</eissn><abstract>Introduction
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is a group of helminths that are considered to be neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and, globally, affect more than 1.5 to 2.6 million people yearly. Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH (
Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura,
and
Necator americanus
) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur.
Objectives
To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur.
Methodology
The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient.
Results
The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and
A. lumbricoides
caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation.
Conclusion
This indicates that infection relied not mainly on vegetation and urbanization but on additional environmental factors and non-environmental variables.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>39217274</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5155-5415</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography Animals Ascariasis - epidemiology Ascaris lumbricoides - isolation & purification Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Child Correlation coefficient Correlation coefficients Ecology Environmental factors Geographic Information Systems Helminthiasis - epidemiology Helminthiasis - transmission Helminths - classification Helminths - isolation & purification Humans Infections Medical Microbiology Microbiology Necator americanus - isolation & purification Necatoriasis - epidemiology Necatoriasis - parasitology Neglected Diseases - epidemiology Neglected Diseases - parasitology Normalized difference vegetative index Original Paper Parasitology Philippines - epidemiology Prevalence Public health Remote sensing Remote Sensing Technology Soil - parasitology Trichuriasis - epidemiology Trichuris - isolation & purification Tropical environments Urbanization Vegetation |
title | Correlating Cases of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Remote Sensing Covariates: A Case Study Utilizing 2015, 2017, and 2019 Metadata of Camarines Sur, Philippines |
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