Correlating Cases of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Remote Sensing Covariates: A Case Study Utilizing 2015, 2017, and 2019 Metadata of Camarines Sur, Philippines

Introduction Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is a group of helminths that are considered to be neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and, globally, affect more than 1.5 to 2.6 million people yearly. Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or...

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Veröffentlicht in:Acta parasitologica 2024-12, Vol.69 (4), p.1852-1859
Hauptverfasser: Ricafort, John Albert C., Ricafort, John Benedict C., Recopuerto-Medina, Loida M., Dagamac, Nikki Heherson A.
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container_title Acta parasitologica
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Ricafort, John Benedict C.
Recopuerto-Medina, Loida M.
Dagamac, Nikki Heherson A.
description Introduction Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) is a group of helminths that are considered to be neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and, globally, affect more than 1.5 to 2.6 million people yearly. Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH ( Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Necator americanus ) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur. Objectives To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur. Methodology The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and A. lumbricoides caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation. Conclusion This indicates that infection relied not mainly on vegetation and urbanization but on additional environmental factors and non-environmental variables.
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Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH ( Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Necator americanus ) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur. Objectives To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur. Methodology The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and A. lumbricoides caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation. Conclusion This indicates that infection relied not mainly on vegetation and urbanization but on additional environmental factors and non-environmental variables.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1230-2821</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1896-1851</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1896-1851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39217274</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography ; Animals ; Ascariasis - epidemiology ; Ascaris lumbricoides - isolation &amp; purification ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Child ; Correlation coefficient ; Correlation coefficients ; Ecology ; Environmental factors ; Geographic Information Systems ; Helminthiasis - epidemiology ; Helminthiasis - transmission ; Helminths - classification ; Helminths - isolation &amp; purification ; Humans ; Infections ; Medical Microbiology ; Microbiology ; Necator americanus - isolation &amp; purification ; Necatoriasis - epidemiology ; Necatoriasis - parasitology ; Neglected Diseases - epidemiology ; Neglected Diseases - parasitology ; Normalized difference vegetative index ; Original Paper ; Parasitology ; Philippines - epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Public health ; Remote sensing ; Remote Sensing Technology ; Soil - parasitology ; Trichuriasis - epidemiology ; Trichuris - isolation &amp; purification ; Tropical environments ; Urbanization ; Vegetation</subject><ispartof>Acta parasitologica, 2024-12, Vol.69 (4), p.1852-1859</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024 Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>2024. 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Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH ( Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Necator americanus ) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur. Objectives To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur. Methodology The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and A. lumbricoides caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation. 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Depending on the species, they can be acquired by ingesting embryonated eggs from contaminated matter or by skin penetration. Most species of STH are found in the tropics, such as the Philippines. Despite the Mass Drug Administration (MDA), the cases of STH infection continue to rise in the country. Surveys from the Research Institute of Tropical Medicine (RITM) indicate that a high prevalence of STH ( Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Necator americanus ) was primarily observed in the provinces of the country, such as in Camarines Sur. Objectives To correlate remote sensing covariates such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) - to STH-infected cases of the 37 municipalities of Camarines Sur. Methodology The available public health record of STH cases from 2015 to 2019 were calculated using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS)and correlated using Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results The results showed that infection was higher in children than adults, and A. lumbricoides caused 60% of infection. No correlation of indices with infection cases during 2015 and 2017 was observed; however, 2019 showed a moderate strength (p = 0.037) in correlation. Conclusion This indicates that infection relied not mainly on vegetation and urbanization but on additional environmental factors and non-environmental variables.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>39217274</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11686-024-00909-9</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5155-5415</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
Animals
Ascariasis - epidemiology
Ascaris lumbricoides - isolation & purification
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Child
Correlation coefficient
Correlation coefficients
Ecology
Environmental factors
Geographic Information Systems
Helminthiasis - epidemiology
Helminthiasis - transmission
Helminths - classification
Helminths - isolation & purification
Humans
Infections
Medical Microbiology
Microbiology
Necator americanus - isolation & purification
Necatoriasis - epidemiology
Necatoriasis - parasitology
Neglected Diseases - epidemiology
Neglected Diseases - parasitology
Normalized difference vegetative index
Original Paper
Parasitology
Philippines - epidemiology
Prevalence
Public health
Remote sensing
Remote Sensing Technology
Soil - parasitology
Trichuriasis - epidemiology
Trichuris - isolation & purification
Tropical environments
Urbanization
Vegetation
title Correlating Cases of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Remote Sensing Covariates: A Case Study Utilizing 2015, 2017, and 2019 Metadata of Camarines Sur, Philippines
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