Representation of online LGBTQ+ support in general surgery residency programs
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and more(LGBTQ+) trainees are underrepresented in medicine, and their experiences in surgery have not been well studied. We sought to examine the practices of general surgery residency programs by region regarding representation of LGBTQ+ support online....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The American journal of surgery 2025-02, Vol.240, p.115891, Article 115891 |
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| container_title | The American journal of surgery |
| container_volume | 240 |
| creator | Annesi, Chandler A. Diaconescu, Andrada Lucy, Adam Wong, Kristen Chen, Herbert |
| description | Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and more(LGBTQ+) trainees are underrepresented in medicine, and their experiences in surgery have not been well studied. We sought to examine the practices of general surgery residency programs by region regarding representation of LGBTQ+ support online.
Retrospective, two-person review of 100 general surgery residency programs stratified by Electronic Residency Application Service(ERAS) region comparing data on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion(DEI) and LGBTQ+ -specific webpages.
The Middle Atlantic and South Atlantic regions had 20% of programs each, with fewer programs found in other regions. Of the 100 institutions, 92% had DEI webpages, and 43% had LGBTQ+ -specific webpages. There was a significant difference in the likelihood of a program being an Human Rights Campaign(HRC) LGBTQ+ leader when compared by region(p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.115891 |
| format | Article |
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Retrospective, two-person review of 100 general surgery residency programs stratified by Electronic Residency Application Service(ERAS) region comparing data on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion(DEI) and LGBTQ+ -specific webpages.
The Middle Atlantic and South Atlantic regions had 20% of programs each, with fewer programs found in other regions. Of the 100 institutions, 92% had DEI webpages, and 43% had LGBTQ+ -specific webpages. There was a significant difference in the likelihood of a program being an Human Rights Campaign(HRC) LGBTQ+ leader when compared by region(p < 0.01).
Few general surgery residency programs share LGBTQ+-specific DEI content online with no regional difference observed. Recommendations such as updating websites to highlight LGBTQ+ inclusion should aid recruitment of a diverse, surgical residency as well as create a welcoming environment for prospective residents.
•Most institutions focus DEI support on racial disparities with less visible support on LGBTQ+ inclusion.•Few institutions make mention of LGBTQ+ support on webpages, often the first source of information viewed by prospective residents.•LGBTQ + prospective residents are hesitant to enter surgical fields; mention of LGBTQ + support is necessary as prospective residents begin their search.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9610</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1879-1883</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1883</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.115891</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39142952</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Bisexuality ; Bullying ; DEI ; Diversity equity & inclusion ; Female ; General Surgery - education ; Hospitals ; Human rights ; Humans ; Internet ; Internship and Residency - organization & administration ; Internship and Residency - statistics & numerical data ; Leadership ; LGBTQ ; LGBTQ people ; Male ; Medical residencies ; Recruitment ; Representations ; Residency ; Residents ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity analysis ; Sexual and Gender Minorities - statistics & numerical data ; Sexual harassment ; Surgery ; United States ; Variance analysis</subject><ispartof>The American journal of surgery, 2025-02, Vol.240, p.115891, Article 115891</ispartof><rights>2024 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2024. Elsevier Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1862-341c1e5d3f44c7f4de4fd57d463a5648d24b9cffd3a210fc9b3032d3b98e13f33</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1961-8447 ; 0000-0003-2923-6079 ; 0000-0002-6361-9842 ; 0000-0002-9596-7737</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002961024004434$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39142952$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Annesi, Chandler A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaconescu, Andrada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucy, Adam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wong, Kristen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Herbert</creatorcontrib><title>Representation of online LGBTQ+ support in general surgery residency programs</title><title>The American journal of surgery</title><addtitle>Am J Surg</addtitle><description>Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and more(LGBTQ+) trainees are underrepresented in medicine, and their experiences in surgery have not been well studied. We sought to examine the practices of general surgery residency programs by region regarding representation of LGBTQ+ support online.
Retrospective, two-person review of 100 general surgery residency programs stratified by Electronic Residency Application Service(ERAS) region comparing data on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion(DEI) and LGBTQ+ -specific webpages.
The Middle Atlantic and South Atlantic regions had 20% of programs each, with fewer programs found in other regions. Of the 100 institutions, 92% had DEI webpages, and 43% had LGBTQ+ -specific webpages. There was a significant difference in the likelihood of a program being an Human Rights Campaign(HRC) LGBTQ+ leader when compared by region(p < 0.01).
Few general surgery residency programs share LGBTQ+-specific DEI content online with no regional difference observed. Recommendations such as updating websites to highlight LGBTQ+ inclusion should aid recruitment of a diverse, surgical residency as well as create a welcoming environment for prospective residents.
•Most institutions focus DEI support on racial disparities with less visible support on LGBTQ+ inclusion.•Few institutions make mention of LGBTQ+ support on webpages, often the first source of information viewed by prospective residents.•LGBTQ + prospective residents are hesitant to enter surgical fields; mention of LGBTQ + support is necessary as prospective residents begin their search.</description><subject>Bisexuality</subject><subject>Bullying</subject><subject>DEI</subject><subject>Diversity equity & inclusion</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General Surgery - education</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Human rights</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Internet</subject><subject>Internship and Residency - organization & administration</subject><subject>Internship and Residency - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Leadership</subject><subject>LGBTQ</subject><subject>LGBTQ people</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical residencies</subject><subject>Recruitment</subject><subject>Representations</subject><subject>Residency</subject><subject>Residents</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Sensitivity analysis</subject><subject>Sexual and Gender Minorities - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Sexual harassment</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><issn>0002-9610</issn><issn>1879-1883</issn><issn>1879-1883</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkMGKFDEQhoMo7uzqIygBL4L0bCpJ93ROoou7CiOLsp5DJqkMabo7bdK9MG9vhhk9eNlTUfD99RcfIW-ArYFBc92tzdDlJe3XnHG5BqhbBc_ICtqNqqBtxXOyYozxSjXALshlzl1ZAaR4SS6EAslVzVfk-0-cEmYcZzOHONLoaRz7MCLd3n1--PGB5mWaYpppGOkeR0ymp8dWTAdacsHhaA90SnGfzJBfkRfe9Blfn-cV-XX75eHma7W9v_t282lbWWgbXgkJFrB2wktpN146lN7VGycbYepGto7LnbLeO2E4MG_VTjDBndipFkF4Ia7I-9PdUvx7wTzrIWSLfW9GjEvWgikBG85ZXdB3_6FdXNJYvtMC6oYJkJIVqj5RNsWcE3o9pTCYdNDA9NG37vTZtz761iffJff2fH3ZDej-pf4KLsDHE4BFx2PApLMNxRm6kNDO2sXwRMUfYYSTJw</recordid><startdate>202502</startdate><enddate>202502</enddate><creator>Annesi, Chandler A.</creator><creator>Diaconescu, Andrada</creator><creator>Lucy, Adam</creator><creator>Wong, Kristen</creator><creator>Chen, Herbert</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1961-8447</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-6079</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6361-9842</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-7737</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202502</creationdate><title>Representation of online LGBTQ+ support in general surgery residency programs</title><author>Annesi, Chandler A. ; Diaconescu, Andrada ; Lucy, Adam ; Wong, Kristen ; Chen, Herbert</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1862-341c1e5d3f44c7f4de4fd57d463a5648d24b9cffd3a210fc9b3032d3b98e13f33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Bisexuality</topic><topic>Bullying</topic><topic>DEI</topic><topic>Diversity equity & inclusion</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>General Surgery - education</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Human rights</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Internet</topic><topic>Internship and Residency - organization & administration</topic><topic>Internship and Residency - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Leadership</topic><topic>LGBTQ</topic><topic>LGBTQ people</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical residencies</topic><topic>Recruitment</topic><topic>Representations</topic><topic>Residency</topic><topic>Residents</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Sensitivity analysis</topic><topic>Sexual and Gender Minorities - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Sexual harassment</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>United States</topic><topic>Variance analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Annesi, Chandler A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaconescu, Andrada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucy, Adam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wong, Kristen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Herbert</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The American journal of surgery</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Annesi, Chandler A.</au><au>Diaconescu, Andrada</au><au>Lucy, Adam</au><au>Wong, Kristen</au><au>Chen, Herbert</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Representation of online LGBTQ+ support in general surgery residency programs</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of surgery</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Surg</addtitle><date>2025-02</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>240</volume><spage>115891</spage><pages>115891-</pages><artnum>115891</artnum><issn>0002-9610</issn><issn>1879-1883</issn><eissn>1879-1883</eissn><abstract>Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and more(LGBTQ+) trainees are underrepresented in medicine, and their experiences in surgery have not been well studied. We sought to examine the practices of general surgery residency programs by region regarding representation of LGBTQ+ support online.
Retrospective, two-person review of 100 general surgery residency programs stratified by Electronic Residency Application Service(ERAS) region comparing data on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion(DEI) and LGBTQ+ -specific webpages.
The Middle Atlantic and South Atlantic regions had 20% of programs each, with fewer programs found in other regions. Of the 100 institutions, 92% had DEI webpages, and 43% had LGBTQ+ -specific webpages. There was a significant difference in the likelihood of a program being an Human Rights Campaign(HRC) LGBTQ+ leader when compared by region(p < 0.01).
Few general surgery residency programs share LGBTQ+-specific DEI content online with no regional difference observed. Recommendations such as updating websites to highlight LGBTQ+ inclusion should aid recruitment of a diverse, surgical residency as well as create a welcoming environment for prospective residents.
•Most institutions focus DEI support on racial disparities with less visible support on LGBTQ+ inclusion.•Few institutions make mention of LGBTQ+ support on webpages, often the first source of information viewed by prospective residents.•LGBTQ + prospective residents are hesitant to enter surgical fields; mention of LGBTQ + support is necessary as prospective residents begin their search.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>39142952</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.115891</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1961-8447</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-6079</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6361-9842</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-7737</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The American journal of surgery, 2025-02, Vol.240, p.115891, Article 115891 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Bisexuality Bullying DEI Diversity equity & inclusion Female General Surgery - education Hospitals Human rights Humans Internet Internship and Residency - organization & administration Internship and Residency - statistics & numerical data Leadership LGBTQ LGBTQ people Male Medical residencies Recruitment Representations Residency Residents Retrospective Studies Sensitivity analysis Sexual and Gender Minorities - statistics & numerical data Sexual harassment Surgery United States Variance analysis |
| title | Representation of online LGBTQ+ support in general surgery residency programs |
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