GC‐MS Assisted Determination of 26 Compounds in Phlomis Stewartii Extract Exhibiting Antioxidant, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Properties
Medicinal plants have long been studied for their therapeutic benifits. The present research aims to unveil complex phytochemical profile and therapeutic properties of ethyl acetate fraction of Phlomis stewartii, an important medicinal plant. In this context, the Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Chemistry & biodiversity 2024-12, Vol.21 (12), p.e202401068-n/a |
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| creator | Farooq, Aroosa Ali, Samar Ullah, Hamid Khan, Anwar Nawaz, Faheem Farooq, Samra Sarwar, Aziza Ali, Saqib Khan, Dilfaraz Ullah, Riffat Iqbal, Shazia |
| description | Medicinal plants have long been studied for their therapeutic benifits. The present research aims to unveil complex phytochemical profile and therapeutic properties of ethyl acetate fraction of Phlomis stewartii, an important medicinal plant. In this context, the Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis of the fraction identified 26 compounds. Additionally, the fraction exhibited concentration dependent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value lower than the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene. The antifungal activity of the fraction examined against F. oxysporum, A. alternate, and R. solani resulted in almost complete inhibition (>90 %) of fungal growth. Furthermore, the fraction exhibited significant antibacterial potential against B. subtilus, S. aureus, E. coli, and S. dysenteriae, with inhibition zones of 18±0.22, 17±0.22, 12±0.11, and 10±0.12, respectively. Briefly, the plant extract was found to be highly potent, particularly in its antifungal action. Further studies, including natural products isolation coupled with bioassays, are recommended for promising drug candidates discovery. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/cbdv.202401068 |
| format | Article |
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The present research aims to unveil complex phytochemical profile and therapeutic properties of ethyl acetate fraction of Phlomis stewartii, an important medicinal plant. In this context, the Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis of the fraction identified 26 compounds. Additionally, the fraction exhibited concentration dependent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value lower than the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene. The antifungal activity of the fraction examined against F. oxysporum, A. alternate, and R. solani resulted in almost complete inhibition (>90 %) of fungal growth. Furthermore, the fraction exhibited significant antibacterial potential against B. subtilus, S. aureus, E. coli, and S. dysenteriae, with inhibition zones of 18±0.22, 17±0.22, 12±0.11, and 10±0.12, respectively. Briefly, the plant extract was found to be highly potent, particularly in its antifungal action. Further studies, including natural products isolation coupled with bioassays, are recommended for promising drug candidates discovery.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1612-1872</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1612-1880</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1612-1880</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202401068</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39140485</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Acetic acid ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - isolation & purification ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; Anti-fungal activity ; Antibacterial and antioxidant activity ; Antifungal activity ; Antifungal agents ; Antifungal Agents - chemistry ; Antifungal Agents - isolation & purification ; Antifungal Agents - pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; Antioxidants - chemistry ; Antioxidants - isolation & purification ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Bioassays ; Butylated hydroxytoluene ; Drug development ; E coli ; Ethyl acetate ; Fungicides ; Gas chromatography ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; GC-MS analysis ; Herbal medicine ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Medicinal plant ; Medicinal plants ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Natural products ; Pharmacology ; Phlomis ; Phlomis - chemistry ; Phytochemical analysis ; Plant extracts ; Plant Extracts - chemistry ; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts - pharmacology ; Plant layout ; Polyphenols - chemistry ; Polyphenols - isolation & purification ; Polyphenols - pharmacology ; Steroids - chemistry ; Steroids - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>Chemistry & biodiversity, 2024-12, Vol.21 (12), p.e202401068-n/a</ispartof><rights>2024 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland</rights><rights>2024 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2588-c4e7c47d804efa87531a4c3267af535579959fd8d22b5df0d19c127ebec62b303</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5009-8497</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fcbdv.202401068$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fcbdv.202401068$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,1414,27907,27908,45557,45558</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39140485$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Farooq, Aroosa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ali, Samar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ullah, Hamid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Anwar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nawaz, Faheem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farooq, Samra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarwar, Aziza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ali, Saqib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Dilfaraz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ullah, Riffat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iqbal, Shazia</creatorcontrib><title>GC‐MS Assisted Determination of 26 Compounds in Phlomis Stewartii Extract Exhibiting Antioxidant, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Properties</title><title>Chemistry & biodiversity</title><addtitle>Chem Biodivers</addtitle><description>Medicinal plants have long been studied for their therapeutic benifits. The present research aims to unveil complex phytochemical profile and therapeutic properties of ethyl acetate fraction of Phlomis stewartii, an important medicinal plant. In this context, the Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis of the fraction identified 26 compounds. Additionally, the fraction exhibited concentration dependent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value lower than the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene. The antifungal activity of the fraction examined against F. oxysporum, A. alternate, and R. solani resulted in almost complete inhibition (>90 %) of fungal growth. Furthermore, the fraction exhibited significant antibacterial potential against B. subtilus, S. aureus, E. coli, and S. dysenteriae, with inhibition zones of 18±0.22, 17±0.22, 12±0.11, and 10±0.12, respectively. Briefly, the plant extract was found to be highly potent, particularly in its antifungal action. Further studies, including natural products isolation coupled with bioassays, are recommended for promising drug candidates discovery.</description><subject>Acetic acid</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Anti-fungal activity</subject><subject>Antibacterial and antioxidant activity</subject><subject>Antifungal activity</subject><subject>Antifungal agents</subject><subject>Antifungal Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Antifungal Agents - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Antifungal Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Antioxidants - chemistry</subject><subject>Antioxidants - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Antioxidants - pharmacology</subject><subject>Bioassays</subject><subject>Butylated hydroxytoluene</subject><subject>Drug development</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Ethyl acetate</subject><subject>Fungicides</subject><subject>Gas chromatography</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>GC-MS analysis</subject><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Medicinal plant</subject><subject>Medicinal plants</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Natural products</subject><subject>Pharmacology</subject><subject>Phlomis</subject><subject>Phlomis - chemistry</subject><subject>Phytochemical analysis</subject><subject>Plant extracts</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - chemistry</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</subject><subject>Plant layout</subject><subject>Polyphenols - chemistry</subject><subject>Polyphenols - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Polyphenols - pharmacology</subject><subject>Steroids - chemistry</subject><subject>Steroids - pharmacology</subject><issn>1612-1872</issn><issn>1612-1880</issn><issn>1612-1880</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1vFSEUhonR2FrdujQkblz0XoGBGWZ5nX5oUmOTqlvCwJmWZgauwNh25w_owt_oL5H21mvixtXhkOd9AnkReknJkhLC3prefl8ywjihpJaP0C6tKVtQKcnj7blhO-hZSpeFL_fyKdqpWsoJl2IX3R53v378_HiGVym5lMHiA8gQJ-d1dsHjMGBW4y5M6zB7m7Dz-PRiDJNL-CzDlY7ZOXx4naM2ucwL17vs_Dle-RK_dlb7vH-_DLM_1-M-1t7e730JQHR6xKcxrKF4ID1HTwY9JnjxMPfQl6PDz937xcmn4w_d6mRhmJByYTg0hjdWEg6Dlo2oqOamYnWjB1EJ0bStaAcrLWO9sAOxtDWUNdCDqVlfkWoPvdl41zF8myFlVf5jYBy1hzAnVZGWyYYK2hb09T_oZZijL69TFeWcCFnxulDLDWViSCnCoNbRTTreKErUXU_qrie17akEXj1o534Cu8X_FFOAdgNcuRFu_qNT3buDr3_lvwFe4aCz</recordid><startdate>202412</startdate><enddate>202412</enddate><creator>Farooq, Aroosa</creator><creator>Ali, Samar</creator><creator>Ullah, Hamid</creator><creator>Khan, Anwar</creator><creator>Nawaz, Faheem</creator><creator>Farooq, Samra</creator><creator>Sarwar, Aziza</creator><creator>Ali, Saqib</creator><creator>Khan, Dilfaraz</creator><creator>Ullah, Riffat</creator><creator>Iqbal, Shazia</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-8497</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202412</creationdate><title>GC‐MS Assisted Determination of 26 Compounds in Phlomis Stewartii Extract Exhibiting Antioxidant, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Properties</title><author>Farooq, Aroosa ; Ali, Samar ; Ullah, Hamid ; Khan, Anwar ; Nawaz, Faheem ; Farooq, Samra ; Sarwar, Aziza ; Ali, Saqib ; Khan, Dilfaraz ; Ullah, Riffat ; Iqbal, Shazia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2588-c4e7c47d804efa87531a4c3267af535579959fd8d22b5df0d19c127ebec62b303</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Acetic acid</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Anti-fungal activity</topic><topic>Antibacterial and antioxidant activity</topic><topic>Antifungal activity</topic><topic>Antifungal agents</topic><topic>Antifungal Agents - chemistry</topic><topic>Antifungal Agents - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Antifungal Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Antioxidants - chemistry</topic><topic>Antioxidants - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Antioxidants - pharmacology</topic><topic>Bioassays</topic><topic>Butylated hydroxytoluene</topic><topic>Drug development</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Ethyl acetate</topic><topic>Fungicides</topic><topic>Gas chromatography</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>GC-MS analysis</topic><topic>Herbal medicine</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Medicinal plant</topic><topic>Medicinal plants</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>Natural products</topic><topic>Pharmacology</topic><topic>Phlomis</topic><topic>Phlomis - chemistry</topic><topic>Phytochemical analysis</topic><topic>Plant extracts</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</topic><topic>Plant layout</topic><topic>Polyphenols - chemistry</topic><topic>Polyphenols - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Polyphenols - pharmacology</topic><topic>Steroids - chemistry</topic><topic>Steroids - pharmacology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Farooq, Aroosa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ali, Samar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ullah, Hamid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Anwar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nawaz, Faheem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farooq, Samra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarwar, Aziza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ali, Saqib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Dilfaraz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ullah, Riffat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iqbal, Shazia</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Chemistry & biodiversity</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Farooq, Aroosa</au><au>Ali, Samar</au><au>Ullah, Hamid</au><au>Khan, Anwar</au><au>Nawaz, Faheem</au><au>Farooq, Samra</au><au>Sarwar, Aziza</au><au>Ali, Saqib</au><au>Khan, Dilfaraz</au><au>Ullah, Riffat</au><au>Iqbal, Shazia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>GC‐MS Assisted Determination of 26 Compounds in Phlomis Stewartii Extract Exhibiting Antioxidant, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Properties</atitle><jtitle>Chemistry & biodiversity</jtitle><addtitle>Chem Biodivers</addtitle><date>2024-12</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e202401068</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>e202401068-n/a</pages><issn>1612-1872</issn><issn>1612-1880</issn><eissn>1612-1880</eissn><abstract>Medicinal plants have long been studied for their therapeutic benifits. The present research aims to unveil complex phytochemical profile and therapeutic properties of ethyl acetate fraction of Phlomis stewartii, an important medicinal plant. In this context, the Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis of the fraction identified 26 compounds. Additionally, the fraction exhibited concentration dependent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value lower than the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene. The antifungal activity of the fraction examined against F. oxysporum, A. alternate, and R. solani resulted in almost complete inhibition (>90 %) of fungal growth. Furthermore, the fraction exhibited significant antibacterial potential against B. subtilus, S. aureus, E. coli, and S. dysenteriae, with inhibition zones of 18±0.22, 17±0.22, 12±0.11, and 10±0.12, respectively. Briefly, the plant extract was found to be highly potent, particularly in its antifungal action. Further studies, including natural products isolation coupled with bioassays, are recommended for promising drug candidates discovery.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>39140485</pmid><doi>10.1002/cbdv.202401068</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-8497</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acetic acid Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry Anti-Bacterial Agents - isolation & purification Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Anti-fungal activity Antibacterial and antioxidant activity Antifungal activity Antifungal agents Antifungal Agents - chemistry Antifungal Agents - isolation & purification Antifungal Agents - pharmacology Antioxidants Antioxidants - chemistry Antioxidants - isolation & purification Antioxidants - pharmacology Bioassays Butylated hydroxytoluene Drug development E coli Ethyl acetate Fungicides Gas chromatography Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry GC-MS analysis Herbal medicine Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Medicinal plant Medicinal plants Microbial Sensitivity Tests Natural products Pharmacology Phlomis Phlomis - chemistry Phytochemical analysis Plant extracts Plant Extracts - chemistry Plant Extracts - isolation & purification Plant Extracts - pharmacology Plant layout Polyphenols - chemistry Polyphenols - isolation & purification Polyphenols - pharmacology Steroids - chemistry Steroids - pharmacology |
| title | GC‐MS Assisted Determination of 26 Compounds in Phlomis Stewartii Extract Exhibiting Antioxidant, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Properties |
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