Impact of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. on kidney‐yin deficiency: a study based on pharmacodynamics and metabolomics research
This study aimed to explore the pharmacodynamics and mechanisms of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (LLA) in addressing kidney‐yin deficiency (KYD). Forty‐eight Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into eight groups based on their weight. The KYD model was established by intragastr...
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| creator | Sun, Shu‐ding Zhao, Di Liu, Xue‐fang Zhang, Wei‐wei Dong, Hao‐ran Tian, Yan‐ge Feng, Su‐Xiang |
| description | This study aimed to explore the pharmacodynamics and mechanisms of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (LLA) in addressing kidney‐yin deficiency (KYD). Forty‐eight Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into eight groups based on their weight. The KYD model was established by intragastric administration of levothyroxine sodium. Each group was administered the corresponding treatment for 15 consecutive days. The general condition of the rats during the treatment period was observed. In addition, the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and the ratio of cAMP to cGMP in the serum of rats from different groups were measured. Serum samples were analyzed using the ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)‐Orbitrap Fusion MS technique for metabolomics analysis. Compared with the model group, the general condition of the rats in the wine‐steamed L. lucidum group (WL) and salt‐steamed L. lucidum group (SSL) groups showed significant improvement. The serum levels of cAMP, cGMP, and the cAMP‐to‐cGMP ratio tended to return to normal. Metabolic analysis identified 38 relevant biomarkers and revealed 3 major metabolic pathways: phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; phenylalanine metabolism; and sphingolipid metabolism. The different processing methods of LLA demonstrated therapeutic effects on KYD in rats, likely related to the restoration of disturbed metabolism by adjusting the levels of endogenous metabolites in the kidney. The SSL demonstrated significantly superior effects compared with the other four types of LLA processed products. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/bmc.5969 |
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(LLA) in addressing kidney‐yin deficiency (KYD). Forty‐eight Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into eight groups based on their weight. The KYD model was established by intragastric administration of levothyroxine sodium. Each group was administered the corresponding treatment for 15 consecutive days. The general condition of the rats during the treatment period was observed. In addition, the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and the ratio of cAMP to cGMP in the serum of rats from different groups were measured. Serum samples were analyzed using the ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)‐Orbitrap Fusion MS technique for metabolomics analysis. Compared with the model group, the general condition of the rats in the wine‐steamed L. lucidum group (WL) and salt‐steamed L. lucidum group (SSL) groups showed significant improvement. The serum levels of cAMP, cGMP, and the cAMP‐to‐cGMP ratio tended to return to normal. Metabolic analysis identified 38 relevant biomarkers and revealed 3 major metabolic pathways: phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; phenylalanine metabolism; and sphingolipid metabolism. The different processing methods of LLA demonstrated therapeutic effects on KYD in rats, likely related to the restoration of disturbed metabolism by adjusting the levels of endogenous metabolites in the kidney. The SSL demonstrated significantly superior effects compared with the other four types of LLA processed products.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-3879</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1099-0801</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1099-0801</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5969</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39126348</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England</publisher><subject>Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods ; Cyclic AMP - metabolism ; Cyclic GMP - blood ; Cyclic GMP - metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal - administration & dosage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacology ; Kidney - metabolism ; Kidney Diseases - drug therapy ; Kidney Diseases - metabolism ; kidney‐yin deficiency ; Ligustrum - chemistry ; Ligustrum lucidum Ait ; Male ; Metabolome - drug effects ; Metabolome - physiology ; Metabolomics - methods ; metabonomics ; multivariate statistical analysis ; phenylalanine metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><ispartof>Biomedical chromatography, 2024-10, Vol.38 (10), p.e5969-n/a</ispartof><rights>2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2129-8b8b5ad4a0e419f78ba47cb487dd13dcc45e1e16f4fac125832c21e3525597503</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5849-4504 ; 0000-0002-1830-6230 ; 0000-0001-9719-403X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fbmc.5969$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fbmc.5969$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,1414,27907,27908,45557,45558</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39126348$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sun, Shu‐ding</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Di</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xue‐fang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Wei‐wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Hao‐ran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tian, Yan‐ge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Su‐Xiang</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. on kidney‐yin deficiency: a study based on pharmacodynamics and metabolomics research</title><title>Biomedical chromatography</title><addtitle>Biomed Chromatogr</addtitle><description>This study aimed to explore the pharmacodynamics and mechanisms of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (LLA) in addressing kidney‐yin deficiency (KYD). Forty‐eight Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into eight groups based on their weight. The KYD model was established by intragastric administration of levothyroxine sodium. Each group was administered the corresponding treatment for 15 consecutive days. The general condition of the rats during the treatment period was observed. In addition, the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and the ratio of cAMP to cGMP in the serum of rats from different groups were measured. Serum samples were analyzed using the ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)‐Orbitrap Fusion MS technique for metabolomics analysis. Compared with the model group, the general condition of the rats in the wine‐steamed L. lucidum group (WL) and salt‐steamed L. lucidum group (SSL) groups showed significant improvement. The serum levels of cAMP, cGMP, and the cAMP‐to‐cGMP ratio tended to return to normal. Metabolic analysis identified 38 relevant biomarkers and revealed 3 major metabolic pathways: phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; phenylalanine metabolism; and sphingolipid metabolism. The different processing methods of LLA demonstrated therapeutic effects on KYD in rats, likely related to the restoration of disturbed metabolism by adjusting the levels of endogenous metabolites in the kidney. The SSL demonstrated significantly superior effects compared with the other four types of LLA processed products.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods</subject><subject>Cyclic AMP - metabolism</subject><subject>Cyclic GMP - blood</subject><subject>Cyclic GMP - metabolism</subject><subject>Drugs, Chinese Herbal - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacology</subject><subject>Kidney - metabolism</subject><subject>Kidney Diseases - drug therapy</subject><subject>Kidney Diseases - metabolism</subject><subject>kidney‐yin deficiency</subject><subject>Ligustrum - chemistry</subject><subject>Ligustrum lucidum Ait</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolome - drug effects</subject><subject>Metabolome - physiology</subject><subject>Metabolomics - methods</subject><subject>metabonomics</subject><subject>multivariate statistical analysis</subject><subject>phenylalanine metabolism</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><issn>0269-3879</issn><issn>1099-0801</issn><issn>1099-0801</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU1OHDEQhS0UBMOPxAmQl2x6Yrv_7OxgBAFpIjawbrntMmNo2xO7W6h3HCHLnI-TpBsIWWVVUtVXr1TvIXRCyZISwr62Ti1LUYkdtKBEiIxwQr-gBWGVyHJei310kNIjIURUrN5D-7mgrMoLvkC_b9xWqh4Hg7U1BiL4Hm9jUJCS9Q_YQb8JOs3ztX0YUh8Hh7tBWT3Vc9svcfD4yWoP4-vLr9F6rMFYZcGr8RuWOPWDHnErE-iZ3G5kdFIFPXrprEpYej3fkG3owlsjQgIZ1eYI7RrZJTj-qIfo_urybnWdrW-_36zO15lilImMt7wtpS4kgYIKU_NWFrVqC15rTXOtVFECBVqZwkhFWclzNi1CXrKyFHVJ8kN09q47Pf1zgNQ3ziYFXSc9hCE1OZm84oLU7B-qYkgpgmm20ToZx4aSZs6hmXJo5hwm9PRDdWgd6E_wr_ETkL0Dz7aD8b9CzcWP1ZvgH8PMlUU</recordid><startdate>202410</startdate><enddate>202410</enddate><creator>Sun, Shu‐ding</creator><creator>Zhao, Di</creator><creator>Liu, Xue‐fang</creator><creator>Zhang, Wei‐wei</creator><creator>Dong, Hao‐ran</creator><creator>Tian, Yan‐ge</creator><creator>Feng, Su‐Xiang</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5849-4504</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-6230</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9719-403X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202410</creationdate><title>Impact of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. on kidney‐yin deficiency: a study based on pharmacodynamics and metabolomics research</title><author>Sun, Shu‐ding ; Zhao, Di ; Liu, Xue‐fang ; Zhang, Wei‐wei ; Dong, Hao‐ran ; Tian, Yan‐ge ; Feng, Su‐Xiang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2129-8b8b5ad4a0e419f78ba47cb487dd13dcc45e1e16f4fac125832c21e3525597503</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods</topic><topic>Cyclic AMP - metabolism</topic><topic>Cyclic GMP - blood</topic><topic>Cyclic GMP - metabolism</topic><topic>Drugs, Chinese Herbal - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacology</topic><topic>Kidney - metabolism</topic><topic>Kidney Diseases - drug therapy</topic><topic>Kidney Diseases - metabolism</topic><topic>kidney‐yin deficiency</topic><topic>Ligustrum - chemistry</topic><topic>Ligustrum lucidum Ait</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metabolome - drug effects</topic><topic>Metabolome - physiology</topic><topic>Metabolomics - methods</topic><topic>metabonomics</topic><topic>multivariate statistical analysis</topic><topic>phenylalanine metabolism</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sun, Shu‐ding</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Di</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xue‐fang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Wei‐wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Hao‐ran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tian, Yan‐ge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Su‐Xiang</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Biomedical chromatography</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sun, Shu‐ding</au><au>Zhao, Di</au><au>Liu, Xue‐fang</au><au>Zhang, Wei‐wei</au><au>Dong, Hao‐ran</au><au>Tian, Yan‐ge</au><au>Feng, Su‐Xiang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. on kidney‐yin deficiency: a study based on pharmacodynamics and metabolomics research</atitle><jtitle>Biomedical chromatography</jtitle><addtitle>Biomed Chromatogr</addtitle><date>2024-10</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>38</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>e5969</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>e5969-n/a</pages><issn>0269-3879</issn><issn>1099-0801</issn><eissn>1099-0801</eissn><abstract>This study aimed to explore the pharmacodynamics and mechanisms of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (LLA) in addressing kidney‐yin deficiency (KYD). Forty‐eight Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into eight groups based on their weight. The KYD model was established by intragastric administration of levothyroxine sodium. Each group was administered the corresponding treatment for 15 consecutive days. The general condition of the rats during the treatment period was observed. In addition, the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and the ratio of cAMP to cGMP in the serum of rats from different groups were measured. Serum samples were analyzed using the ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)‐Orbitrap Fusion MS technique for metabolomics analysis. Compared with the model group, the general condition of the rats in the wine‐steamed L. lucidum group (WL) and salt‐steamed L. lucidum group (SSL) groups showed significant improvement. The serum levels of cAMP, cGMP, and the cAMP‐to‐cGMP ratio tended to return to normal. Metabolic analysis identified 38 relevant biomarkers and revealed 3 major metabolic pathways: phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; phenylalanine metabolism; and sphingolipid metabolism. The different processing methods of LLA demonstrated therapeutic effects on KYD in rats, likely related to the restoration of disturbed metabolism by adjusting the levels of endogenous metabolites in the kidney. The SSL demonstrated significantly superior effects compared with the other four types of LLA processed products.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pmid>39126348</pmid><doi>10.1002/bmc.5969</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5849-4504</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-6230</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9719-403X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods Cyclic AMP - metabolism Cyclic GMP - blood Cyclic GMP - metabolism Drugs, Chinese Herbal - administration & dosage Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacokinetics Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacology Kidney - metabolism Kidney Diseases - drug therapy Kidney Diseases - metabolism kidney‐yin deficiency Ligustrum - chemistry Ligustrum lucidum Ait Male Metabolome - drug effects Metabolome - physiology Metabolomics - methods metabonomics multivariate statistical analysis phenylalanine metabolism Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley |
| title | Impact of different processing methods of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. on kidney‐yin deficiency: a study based on pharmacodynamics and metabolomics research |
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