Semiconductor Heterostructure (SrFe0.3TiO3‑ZnO) Electrolyte with High Proton Conductivity for Low-Temperature Ceramic Electrochemical Cells

In recent years, ceramic cells based on high proton conductivity have attracted much attention and can be employed for hydrogen production and electricity generation, especially at low temperatures. Nevertheless, attaining a high power output and durability is challenging, especially at low operational temperatures. In this regard, we design semiconductor heterostructure SFT-ZnO (SrFe0.3TiO3-ZnO) materials to function as an electrolyte for fuel cell and electrolysis applications. Using this approach, the functional semiconductor heterostructure can deliver a better power output and high ionic and proton conductivity at low operational temperatures. The prepared cell in fuel cell mode has demonstrated excellent performance of 700 mW cm–2 and proton performance of 540 mW cm–2 at the low temperature of 520 °C, suggesting dominant proton conduction. Further, the prepared cell delivers exceptional current densities of 1.18 and 0.38 A cm–2 (at 1.6 and 1.3 V, respectively) at 520 °C in the electrolysis mode. Our electrochemical cell is stable in fuel and electrolysis mode at a low temperature of 500 °C.