Real-time monitoring of cellular superoxide anion release in THP-1 cells using a catalytically amplified superoxide dismutase–based microbiosensor

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including the superoxide anion (O 2 •− ) are typically studied in cell cultures using fluorescent dyes, which provide only discrete single-point measurements. These methods lack the capabilities for assessing O 2 •− kinetics and release in a quantitative manner over lon...

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Veröffentlicht in:Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2024-09, Vol.416 (21), p.4727-4737
Hauptverfasser: Deshpande, Aaditya S., Bechard, Tyler, DeVoe, Emily, Morse, Jared, Khan, Reem, Leung, Ka Ho, Andreescu, Silvana
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container_issue 21
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container_title Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
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creator Deshpande, Aaditya S.
Bechard, Tyler
DeVoe, Emily
Morse, Jared
Khan, Reem
Leung, Ka Ho
Andreescu, Silvana
description Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including the superoxide anion (O 2 •− ) are typically studied in cell cultures using fluorescent dyes, which provide only discrete single-point measurements. These methods lack the capabilities for assessing O 2 •− kinetics and release in a quantitative manner over long monitoring times. Herein, we present the fabrication and application of an electrochemical biosensor that enables real-time continuous monitoring of O 2 •− release in cell cultures for extended periods (> 8 h) using an O 2 •− specific microelectrode. To achieve the sensitivity and selectivity requirements for cellular sensing, we developed a biohybrid system consisting of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes, deposited on a gold microwire electrode (AuME) as O 2 •− specific materials with catalytic amplification through the synergistic action of the enzyme and the biomimetic MXenes-based structure. The biosensor demonstrated a sensitivity of 18.35 nA/μM with a linear range from 147 to 930 nM in a cell culture medium. To demonstrate its robustness and practicality, we applied the biosensor to monitor O 2 •− levels in human leukemia monocytic THP-1 cells upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Using this strategy, we successfully monitored LPS-induced O 2 •− in THP-1 cells, as well as the quenching effect induced by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl- l -cysteine (NAC). The biosensor is generally useful for exploring the role of oxidative stress and longitudinally monitoring O 2 •− release in cell cultures, enabling studies of biochemical processes and associated oxidative stress mechanisms in cellular and other biological environments. Graphical Abstract
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subjects Acetylcysteine
Amplification
Analytical Chemistry
Anions
Biochemistry
Biological activity
Biomimetic materials
Biomimetics
Biomonitoring
Biosensing Techniques - methods
Biosensors
Cell culture
Cellular structure
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Electrochemical Techniques - instrumentation
Electrochemical Techniques - methods
Electrochemistry
Emerging Trends in Electrochemical Analysis
Fabrication
Fluorescent dyes
Fluorescent indicators
Food Science
Humans
Laboratory Medicine
Leukemia
Limit of Detection
Lipopolysaccharides
Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology
Microelectrodes
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Monocytes
MXenes
Oxidative stress
Paper in Forefront
Reactive oxygen species
Real time
Superoxide anions
Superoxide dismutase
Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism
Superoxides - analysis
Superoxides - metabolism
THP-1 Cells
title Real-time monitoring of cellular superoxide anion release in THP-1 cells using a catalytically amplified superoxide dismutase–based microbiosensor
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