Adult Physical Function Has Roots in Early Childhood Brain Function: A Five-Decade Cohort Study
Abstract Objectives Tests of physical function are often thought to measure functioning that is (1) musculoskeletal, and (2) newly declining in adult life. In contrast, this study aimed to: (1) add to evidence that physical-function tests also measure brain function, and (2) test the novel hypothesi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2024-09, Vol.79 (9) |
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| container_title | The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences |
| container_volume | 79 |
| creator | Xie, J Kathy Caspi, Avshalom Harrington, HonaLee Houts, Renate Pietrosimone, Laura Whitman, Ethan T McKinney, Lauren W Moffitt, Terrie E |
| description | Abstract
Objectives
Tests of physical function are often thought to measure functioning that is (1) musculoskeletal, and (2) newly declining in adult life. In contrast, this study aimed to: (1) add to evidence that physical-function tests also measure brain function, and (2) test the novel hypothesis that adult physical function is associated with brain function beginning in early childhood. We investigated early childhood brain function and midlife physical function in the Dunedin Study, a 5-decade longitudinal birth cohort (n = 1,037).
Methods
Brain function was measured at age 3 using 5 measures which formed a reliable composite (neurological examination, cognitive and motor tests, and temperament ratings). Physical function was measured at age 45 using 5 measures which formed a reliable composite (gait speed, step-in-place, chair stands, balance, and grip strength).
Results
Children with worse age-3 brain function had worse midlife physical function as measured by the age-45 composite, even after controlling for childhood socioeconomic status (β: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.30; p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/geronb/gbae119 |
| format | Article |
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Objectives
Tests of physical function are often thought to measure functioning that is (1) musculoskeletal, and (2) newly declining in adult life. In contrast, this study aimed to: (1) add to evidence that physical-function tests also measure brain function, and (2) test the novel hypothesis that adult physical function is associated with brain function beginning in early childhood. We investigated early childhood brain function and midlife physical function in the Dunedin Study, a 5-decade longitudinal birth cohort (n = 1,037).
Methods
Brain function was measured at age 3 using 5 measures which formed a reliable composite (neurological examination, cognitive and motor tests, and temperament ratings). Physical function was measured at age 45 using 5 measures which formed a reliable composite (gait speed, step-in-place, chair stands, balance, and grip strength).
Results
Children with worse age-3 brain function had worse midlife physical function as measured by the age-45 composite, even after controlling for childhood socioeconomic status (β: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.30; p < .001). Worse age-3 brain function significantly predicted slower gait speed, fewer steps-in-place and chair-stands, worse balance, and weaker grip strength.
Discussion
Children with poorer brain function were more likely to have poorer physical-function scores as adults. In addition to indicating recent musculoskeletal decline, physical-function tests may also provide indications of lifelong, integrated brain–body health. By reconceptualizing the meaning of physical-function scores, clinicians can orient the use of physical-function tests in a more holistic approach to health care.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1079-5014</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1758-5368</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1758-5368</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae119</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39008334</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adult ; Brain - physiology ; Child Development - physiology ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Hand Strength - physiology ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Physical Functional Performance ; Postural Balance - physiology ; Walking Speed - physiology</subject><ispartof>The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2024-09, Vol.79 (9)</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. 2024</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c214t-98e3ebb0e3317ed758e72a516101d03b025b8238bdc803c3b54f3ed389805c353</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0082-4600 ; 0000-0002-0225-0607 ; 0009-0002-6204-196X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1584,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39008334$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Taler, Vanessa</contributor><creatorcontrib>Xie, J Kathy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caspi, Avshalom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harrington, HonaLee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Houts, Renate</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pietrosimone, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whitman, Ethan T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKinney, Lauren W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moffitt, Terrie E</creatorcontrib><title>Adult Physical Function Has Roots in Early Childhood Brain Function: A Five-Decade Cohort Study</title><title>The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences</title><addtitle>J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci</addtitle><description>Abstract
Objectives
Tests of physical function are often thought to measure functioning that is (1) musculoskeletal, and (2) newly declining in adult life. In contrast, this study aimed to: (1) add to evidence that physical-function tests also measure brain function, and (2) test the novel hypothesis that adult physical function is associated with brain function beginning in early childhood. We investigated early childhood brain function and midlife physical function in the Dunedin Study, a 5-decade longitudinal birth cohort (n = 1,037).
Methods
Brain function was measured at age 3 using 5 measures which formed a reliable composite (neurological examination, cognitive and motor tests, and temperament ratings). Physical function was measured at age 45 using 5 measures which formed a reliable composite (gait speed, step-in-place, chair stands, balance, and grip strength).
Results
Children with worse age-3 brain function had worse midlife physical function as measured by the age-45 composite, even after controlling for childhood socioeconomic status (β: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.30; p < .001). Worse age-3 brain function significantly predicted slower gait speed, fewer steps-in-place and chair-stands, worse balance, and weaker grip strength.
Discussion
Children with poorer brain function were more likely to have poorer physical-function scores as adults. In addition to indicating recent musculoskeletal decline, physical-function tests may also provide indications of lifelong, integrated brain–body health. By reconceptualizing the meaning of physical-function scores, clinicians can orient the use of physical-function tests in a more holistic approach to health care.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Brain - physiology</subject><subject>Child Development - physiology</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hand Strength - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Physical Functional Performance</subject><subject>Postural Balance - physiology</subject><subject>Walking Speed - physiology</subject><issn>1079-5014</issn><issn>1758-5368</issn><issn>1758-5368</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkMtPwkAQhzdGI_i4ejR71ENht9OlW2-IICYkGh_nZh8D1JQu7rYm_PfWFLw6l5lMvvkl8xFyxdmAswyGK_Su0sOVVsh5dkT6PBUyEjCSx-3M0iwSjCc9chbCJ2uLp8kp6UHGmARI-iQf26as6ct6FwqjSjprKlMXrqJzFeirc3WgRUWnypc7OlkXpV07Z-m9V-32wN7RMZ0V3xg9oFEW6cStna_pW93Y3QU5Waoy4OW-n5OP2fR9Mo8Wz49Pk_EiMjFP6iiTCKg1QwCeom1_wDRWgo8445aBZrHQMgaprZEMDGiRLAEtyEwyYUDAObnpcrfefTUY6nxTBINlqSp0TciBSTYCKTLeooMONd6F4HGZb32xUX6Xc5b_Ss07qfleantwvc9u9AbtH36w2AK3HeCa7X9hP69LgZc</recordid><startdate>20240901</startdate><enddate>20240901</enddate><creator>Xie, J Kathy</creator><creator>Caspi, Avshalom</creator><creator>Harrington, HonaLee</creator><creator>Houts, Renate</creator><creator>Pietrosimone, Laura</creator><creator>Whitman, Ethan T</creator><creator>McKinney, Lauren W</creator><creator>Moffitt, Terrie E</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4600</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0225-0607</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6204-196X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240901</creationdate><title>Adult Physical Function Has Roots in Early Childhood Brain Function: A Five-Decade Cohort Study</title><author>Xie, J Kathy ; Caspi, Avshalom ; Harrington, HonaLee ; Houts, Renate ; Pietrosimone, Laura ; Whitman, Ethan T ; McKinney, Lauren W ; Moffitt, Terrie E</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c214t-98e3ebb0e3317ed758e72a516101d03b025b8238bdc803c3b54f3ed389805c353</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Brain - physiology</topic><topic>Child Development - physiology</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hand Strength - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Physical Functional Performance</topic><topic>Postural Balance - physiology</topic><topic>Walking Speed - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Xie, J Kathy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caspi, Avshalom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harrington, HonaLee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Houts, Renate</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pietrosimone, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whitman, Ethan T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKinney, Lauren W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moffitt, Terrie E</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Xie, J Kathy</au><au>Caspi, Avshalom</au><au>Harrington, HonaLee</au><au>Houts, Renate</au><au>Pietrosimone, Laura</au><au>Whitman, Ethan T</au><au>McKinney, Lauren W</au><au>Moffitt, Terrie E</au><au>Taler, Vanessa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Adult Physical Function Has Roots in Early Childhood Brain Function: A Five-Decade Cohort Study</atitle><jtitle>The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences</jtitle><addtitle>J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci</addtitle><date>2024-09-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>79</volume><issue>9</issue><issn>1079-5014</issn><issn>1758-5368</issn><eissn>1758-5368</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Objectives
Tests of physical function are often thought to measure functioning that is (1) musculoskeletal, and (2) newly declining in adult life. In contrast, this study aimed to: (1) add to evidence that physical-function tests also measure brain function, and (2) test the novel hypothesis that adult physical function is associated with brain function beginning in early childhood. We investigated early childhood brain function and midlife physical function in the Dunedin Study, a 5-decade longitudinal birth cohort (n = 1,037).
Methods
Brain function was measured at age 3 using 5 measures which formed a reliable composite (neurological examination, cognitive and motor tests, and temperament ratings). Physical function was measured at age 45 using 5 measures which formed a reliable composite (gait speed, step-in-place, chair stands, balance, and grip strength).
Results
Children with worse age-3 brain function had worse midlife physical function as measured by the age-45 composite, even after controlling for childhood socioeconomic status (β: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.30; p < .001). Worse age-3 brain function significantly predicted slower gait speed, fewer steps-in-place and chair-stands, worse balance, and weaker grip strength.
Discussion
Children with poorer brain function were more likely to have poorer physical-function scores as adults. In addition to indicating recent musculoskeletal decline, physical-function tests may also provide indications of lifelong, integrated brain–body health. By reconceptualizing the meaning of physical-function scores, clinicians can orient the use of physical-function tests in a more holistic approach to health care.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>39008334</pmid><doi>10.1093/geronb/gbae119</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4600</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0225-0607</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6204-196X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Brain - physiology Child Development - physiology Child, Preschool Cohort Studies Female Hand Strength - physiology Humans Longitudinal Studies Male Middle Aged Physical Functional Performance Postural Balance - physiology Walking Speed - physiology |
| title | Adult Physical Function Has Roots in Early Childhood Brain Function: A Five-Decade Cohort Study |
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