Distribution of trace metals and metalloids in tissues of Eurasian Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) from Southern Italy

Heavy metals and metalloids in the environment are recognised as a threat to the health of organism. Terrestrial birds are ideal subjects for the examination of these pollutants because of their high mobility and high intra- and interspecific variation in trophic levels. We examined the contents of...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Science of the total environment 2024-10, Vol.947, p.174712, Article 174712
Hauptverfasser: Cammilleri, Gaetano, Galluzzo, Francesco Giuseppe, Randazzo, Vincenzo, La Russa, Francesco, Di Pasquale, Maria Liliana, Gambino, Delia, Gargano, Valeria, Castronovo, Calogero, Bacchi, Emanuela, Giarratana, Filippo, Ferrantelli, Vincenzo, Giangrosso, Giuseppe
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container_title The Science of the total environment
container_volume 947
creator Cammilleri, Gaetano
Galluzzo, Francesco Giuseppe
Randazzo, Vincenzo
La Russa, Francesco
Di Pasquale, Maria Liliana
Gambino, Delia
Gargano, Valeria
Castronovo, Calogero
Bacchi, Emanuela
Giarratana, Filippo
Ferrantelli, Vincenzo
Giangrosso, Giuseppe
description Heavy metals and metalloids in the environment are recognised as a threat to the health of organism. Terrestrial birds are ideal subjects for the examination of these pollutants because of their high mobility and high intra- and interspecific variation in trophic levels. We examined the contents of 6 trace metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Sb and V) and metalloids (As) in the liver, kidney, muscle, and feathers of woodcocks (Scolopax rusticola) from Southern Italy by a validated ICP-MS method. Significant differences in trace elements were found in all the tissues examined (p 
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Terrestrial birds are ideal subjects for the examination of these pollutants because of their high mobility and high intra- and interspecific variation in trophic levels. We examined the contents of 6 trace metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Sb and V) and metalloids (As) in the liver, kidney, muscle, and feathers of woodcocks (Scolopax rusticola) from Southern Italy by a validated ICP-MS method. Significant differences in trace elements were found in all the tissues examined (p &lt; 0.05). The highest Sb and Cr levels were found in feathers samples with mean values of 0.019 mg/Kg and 0.085 mg/Kg, respectively. High Pb levels were found in muscle, with 23 % of the samples exceeding the limits set by the European Union. Cd was predominantly found in the kidney samples (0.76 mg/Kg). Vanadium was the less abundant trace metal, showing the highest concentrations in the liver (0.028 ± 0.011 mg/Kg). Higher As levels were found in muscle (0.02 ± 0.015 mg/Kg). No significant differences between sex and age classes (juveniles vs. adults) were found, nor were there correlations between morphometric parameters and trace metal/metalloid contents. Principal Component Analysis determined differences in metal accumulation between tissues. Feathers were confirmed as useful indicators of metal contamination. The results of this work confirmed that the accumulation of toxic elements in the tissues of woodcocks is primarily influenced by ecological traits such as feeding habits and migration status. Statistical analysis of the tissues would seem to exclude important accumulation phenomena of Pb. The high levels found in the muscle could be due to lead ammunition. This work provides the first data on the accumulation of As, Cr, Sb, and V in woodcocks tissue, providing a more comprehensive insight into the potential impact of these pollutants on birds. 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Terrestrial birds are ideal subjects for the examination of these pollutants because of their high mobility and high intra- and interspecific variation in trophic levels. We examined the contents of 6 trace metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Sb and V) and metalloids (As) in the liver, kidney, muscle, and feathers of woodcocks (Scolopax rusticola) from Southern Italy by a validated ICP-MS method. Significant differences in trace elements were found in all the tissues examined (p &lt; 0.05). The highest Sb and Cr levels were found in feathers samples with mean values of 0.019 mg/Kg and 0.085 mg/Kg, respectively. High Pb levels were found in muscle, with 23 % of the samples exceeding the limits set by the European Union. Cd was predominantly found in the kidney samples (0.76 mg/Kg). Vanadium was the less abundant trace metal, showing the highest concentrations in the liver (0.028 ± 0.011 mg/Kg). Higher As levels were found in muscle (0.02 ± 0.015 mg/Kg). 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Terrestrial birds are ideal subjects for the examination of these pollutants because of their high mobility and high intra- and interspecific variation in trophic levels. We examined the contents of 6 trace metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Sb and V) and metalloids (As) in the liver, kidney, muscle, and feathers of woodcocks (Scolopax rusticola) from Southern Italy by a validated ICP-MS method. Significant differences in trace elements were found in all the tissues examined (p &lt; 0.05). The highest Sb and Cr levels were found in feathers samples with mean values of 0.019 mg/Kg and 0.085 mg/Kg, respectively. High Pb levels were found in muscle, with 23 % of the samples exceeding the limits set by the European Union. Cd was predominantly found in the kidney samples (0.76 mg/Kg). Vanadium was the less abundant trace metal, showing the highest concentrations in the liver (0.028 ± 0.011 mg/Kg). Higher As levels were found in muscle (0.02 ± 0.015 mg/Kg). No significant differences between sex and age classes (juveniles vs. adults) were found, nor were there correlations between morphometric parameters and trace metal/metalloid contents. Principal Component Analysis determined differences in metal accumulation between tissues. Feathers were confirmed as useful indicators of metal contamination. The results of this work confirmed that the accumulation of toxic elements in the tissues of woodcocks is primarily influenced by ecological traits such as feeding habits and migration status. Statistical analysis of the tissues would seem to exclude important accumulation phenomena of Pb. The high levels found in the muscle could be due to lead ammunition. This work provides the first data on the accumulation of As, Cr, Sb, and V in woodcocks tissue, providing a more comprehensive insight into the potential impact of these pollutants on birds. [Display omitted] •Provides first comprehensive data on As, Cr, Sb, V in woodcocks•Elevated Sb and Cr detected in feathers, indicating external exposure•No significant sex or age differences in trace metal levels found•Ecological traits significantly influence metal accumulation patterns.•Pb in muscle highlights potential lead ammunition exposure risk.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>38997011</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174712</doi></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 0048-9697
ispartof The Science of the total environment, 2024-10, Vol.947, p.174712, Article 174712
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source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals
subjects Animals
Bioaccumulation
Birds - metabolism
environment
Environmental Monitoring
Environmental Pollutants - analysis
Environmental Pollutants - metabolism
European Union
Feathers - chemistry
ICP-MS
interspecific variation
Italy
Kidney - chemistry
Kidney - metabolism
kidneys
liver
Liver - chemistry
Liver - metabolism
Metalloids
Metalloids - analysis
Metalloids - metabolism
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Metals, Heavy - metabolism
morphometry
muscles
principal component analysis
Scolopax rusticola
toxicity
Trace Elements - analysis
Trace Elements - metabolism
Trace metals
vanadium
title Distribution of trace metals and metalloids in tissues of Eurasian Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) from Southern Italy
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