Persistence of dissolved organic matter in sediments influenced by environmental factors：Implication for nutrition and carbon cycle

The persistence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a crucial role in the cycling and distribution of carbon and nutrients. Nonetheless, our understanding of how environmental alterations affect the persistence of sedimentary DOM remains incomplete. Excitation Emission Fluorescence Matrix-Parallel Factor Analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) was used to examine the fluorescence and compositional characteristics of hydrophilic and hydrophobic DOM (separated using XAD-8 resin) within sediments from twelve lakes and reservoirs. Fluorescence analysis indicated that DOM persistence is dependent on the proportions of the three components derived from PARAFAC. The Mantel test showed that climatic factors had the most significant impact on DOM persistence (Mantel's r = 0.46–0.54, Mantel's p = 0.001–0.007), while anthropogenic (Mantel's r = 0.24–0.32, Mantel's p = 0.03–0.05) and hydrological factors (Mantel's r = 0.03–0.22, Mantel's p = 0.06–0.40) had a somewhat lesser influence. Environmental changes resulted in a consistent decline in DOM persistence from Northeast to Southwest China, accompanied by an increase in gross primary productivity (GPP). Reduced DOM persistence due to climate, hydrological, and anthropogenic factors may lead to elevated concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), contributing to deteriorating water quality and events such as algal blooms. The decline in water quality due to reduced DOM persistence in lakes with high GPP can exacerbate the transition from carbon sinks to carbon sources. Consequently, the persistence of sedimentary DOM significantly influences nutrient and carbon cycling in lakes. Investigating DOM persistence in lakes across diverse geographic locations offers a new perspective on lake eutrophication and carbon emissions. Furthermore, it is crucial to develop targeted recommendations for lake restoration and management. [Display omitted] •The ratio of terrestrial humic-like/(microbial humic-like + protein-like) quantifies the persistence of the DOM.•Climate change is the primary cause of decreased DOM persistence.•Decreased DOM persistence exacerbates lake eutrophication.•Decreased DOM persistence promotes a shift in the lake towards becoming a carbon source.