LINE-1 transcription activates long-range gene expression

Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) is a retrotransposon group that constitutes 17% of the human genome and shows variable expression across cell types. However, the control of L1 expression and its function in gene regulation are incompletely understood. Here we show that L1 transcri...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nature genetics 2024-07, Vol.56 (7), p.1494-1502
Hauptverfasser: Li, Xiufeng, Bie, Luyao, Wang, Yang, Hong, Yaqiang, Zhou, Ziqiang, Fan, Yiming, Yan, Xiaohan, Tao, Yibing, Huang, Chunyi, Zhang, Yongyan, Sun, Xueyan, Li, John Xiao He, Zhang, Jing, Chang, Zai, Xi, Qiaoran, Meng, Anming, Shen, Xiaohua, Xie, Wei, Liu, Nian
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container_end_page 1502
container_issue 7
container_start_page 1494
container_title Nature genetics
container_volume 56
creator Li, Xiufeng
Bie, Luyao
Wang, Yang
Hong, Yaqiang
Zhou, Ziqiang
Fan, Yiming
Yan, Xiaohan
Tao, Yibing
Huang, Chunyi
Zhang, Yongyan
Sun, Xueyan
Li, John Xiao He
Zhang, Jing
Chang, Zai
Xi, Qiaoran
Meng, Anming
Shen, Xiaohua
Xie, Wei
Liu, Nian
description Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) is a retrotransposon group that constitutes 17% of the human genome and shows variable expression across cell types. However, the control of L1 expression and its function in gene regulation are incompletely understood. Here we show that L1 transcription activates long-range gene expression. Genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 screening using a reporter driven by the L1 5′ UTR in human cells identifies functionally diverse genes affecting L1 expression. Unexpectedly, altering L1 expression by knockout of regulatory genes impacts distant gene expression. L1s can physically contact their distal target genes, with these interactions becoming stronger upon L1 activation and weaker when L1 is silenced. Remarkably, L1s contact and activate genes essential for zygotic genome activation (ZGA), and L1 knockdown impairs ZGA, leading to developmental arrest in mouse embryos. These results characterize the regulation and function of L1 in long-range gene activation and reveal its importance in mammalian ZGA. A CRISPR–Cas9 screen identifies genes that modulate long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) expression in human cells. LINE-1 5′ UTRs have enhancer features and can activate long-range gene expression, including during zygotic genome activation.
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subjects 13/1
13/100
13/109
14/63
38/22
38/23
38/39
38/47
38/77
38/91
631/114/2163
631/136/2086
631/208/191
631/208/212
64/60
82/80
Agriculture
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
CRISPR
Embryos
Gene expression
Gene Function
Gene regulation
Gene silencing
Genes
Genomes
Human Genetics
Long interspersed nucleotide elements
Proteins
Transcription activation
title LINE-1 transcription activates long-range gene expression
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