Effectiveness against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose of bivalent (original/Omicron BA.4-5) mRNA vaccines in persons aged ≥60 years: Estimates over calendar time and by time since administration during prevalent circulation of different Omicron subvariants, Italy, 2022–2023
•We estimated rVE against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose in 2022–2023.•A seasonal booster dose of bivalent mRNA vaccines was effective up to spring 2023.•rVE early after booster was 83% (95% CI: 79–86%) during circulation of Omicron BA.5.•rVE early after booster was 37% (95% CI: 25–47%)...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Vaccine 2024-10, Vol.42 (23), p.126026, Article 126026 |
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| creator | Fabiani, Massimo Mateo-Urdiales, Alberto Sacco, Chiara Fotakis, Emmanouil Alexandros Battilomo, Serena Petrone, Daniele Del Manso, Martina Bella, Antonino Riccardo, Flavia Stefanelli, Paola Palamara, Anna Teresa Pezzotti, Patrizio |
| description | •We estimated rVE against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose in 2022–2023.•A seasonal booster dose of bivalent mRNA vaccines was effective up to spring 2023.•rVE early after booster was 83% (95% CI: 79–86%) during circulation of Omicron BA.5.•rVE early after booster was 37% (95% CI: 25–47%) during circulation of Omicron XBB.•The Omicron XBB subvariant might have partly escaped the vaccine-induced immunity.
Evaluating how a COVID-19 seasonal vaccination program performed might help to plan future campaigns. This study aims to estimate the relative effectiveness (rVE) against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose over calendar time and by time since administration.
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis among 13,083,855 persons aged ≥60 years who were eligible to receive a seasonal booster at the start of the 2022–2023 vaccination campaign in Italy. We estimated rVE against severe COVID-19 (hospitalization or death) of a seasonal booster dose of bivalent (original/Omicron BA.4-5) mRNA vaccines by two-month calendar interval and at different times post-administration. We used multivariable Cox regression models, including vaccination as time-dependent exposure, to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and rVEs as [(1-HR)X100].
The rVE of a seasonal booster decreased from 64.9% (95% CI: 59.8–69.4) in October-November 2022 to 22.0% (95% CI: 15.4–28.0) in April-May 2023, when the majority of vaccinated persons (67%) had received the booster at least 4–6 months earlier. During the epidemic phase with prevalent circulation of the Omicron BA.5 subvariant, rVE of a seasonal booster received ≤90 days earlier was 83.0% (95% CI: 79.1–86.1), compared to 37.4% (95% CI: 25.5–47.5) during prevalent circulation of the Omicron XBB subvariant. During the XBB epidemic phase, rVE was estimated at 15.8% (95% CI: 9.1–20.1) 181–369 days post-administration of the booster dose. In all the analyses we observed similar trends of rVE between persons aged 60–79 and those ≥80 years, although estimates were somewhat lower for the oldest group.
A seasonal booster dose received during the vaccination campaign provided additional protection against severe COVID-19 up to April-May 2023, after which the incidence of severe COVID-19 was much reduced. The results also suggest that the Omicron XBB subvariant might have partly escaped the immunity provided by the seasonal booster targeting the original and Omicron BA.4-5 strains of SARS-CoV-2. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.074 |
| format | Article |
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Evaluating how a COVID-19 seasonal vaccination program performed might help to plan future campaigns. This study aims to estimate the relative effectiveness (rVE) against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose over calendar time and by time since administration.
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis among 13,083,855 persons aged ≥60 years who were eligible to receive a seasonal booster at the start of the 2022–2023 vaccination campaign in Italy. We estimated rVE against severe COVID-19 (hospitalization or death) of a seasonal booster dose of bivalent (original/Omicron BA.4-5) mRNA vaccines by two-month calendar interval and at different times post-administration. We used multivariable Cox regression models, including vaccination as time-dependent exposure, to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and rVEs as [(1-HR)X100].
The rVE of a seasonal booster decreased from 64.9% (95% CI: 59.8–69.4) in October-November 2022 to 22.0% (95% CI: 15.4–28.0) in April-May 2023, when the majority of vaccinated persons (67%) had received the booster at least 4–6 months earlier. During the epidemic phase with prevalent circulation of the Omicron BA.5 subvariant, rVE of a seasonal booster received ≤90 days earlier was 83.0% (95% CI: 79.1–86.1), compared to 37.4% (95% CI: 25.5–47.5) during prevalent circulation of the Omicron XBB subvariant. During the XBB epidemic phase, rVE was estimated at 15.8% (95% CI: 9.1–20.1) 181–369 days post-administration of the booster dose. In all the analyses we observed similar trends of rVE between persons aged 60–79 and those ≥80 years, although estimates were somewhat lower for the oldest group.
A seasonal booster dose received during the vaccination campaign provided additional protection against severe COVID-19 up to April-May 2023, after which the incidence of severe COVID-19 was much reduced. The results also suggest that the Omicron XBB subvariant might have partly escaped the immunity provided by the seasonal booster targeting the original and Omicron BA.4-5 strains of SARS-CoV-2.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0264-410X</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1873-2518</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2518</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.074</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38834428</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Age groups ; Bivalent mRNA vaccines ; Calendars ; Circulation ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 vaccines ; Effectiveness ; Elderly population ; Epidemics ; Estimates ; Health surveillance ; Hospitalization ; Infections ; Laboratories ; mRNA ; mRNA vaccines ; Omicron subvariants ; Population ; Regression analysis ; Regression models ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Time dependence ; Vaccines</subject><ispartof>Vaccine, 2024-10, Vol.42 (23), p.126026, Article 126026</ispartof><rights>2024 The Author(s)</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2024. The Author(s)</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2334-2b7211d28a8092f550bea8a6e064fb617cde08eda3df41f58f333f5a1dabd6fe3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0480-8723 ; 0000-0002-5893-7117 ; 0000-0001-8193-5446</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3103224978?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995,64385,64387,64389,72469</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38834428$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fabiani, Massimo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mateo-Urdiales, Alberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sacco, Chiara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fotakis, Emmanouil Alexandros</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Battilomo, Serena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petrone, Daniele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Del Manso, Martina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bella, Antonino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riccardo, Flavia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stefanelli, Paola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palamara, Anna Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pezzotti, Patrizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>on behalf of the Italian Integrated Surveillance of COVID-19 study group and of the Italian COVID-19 Vaccines Registry group</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Italian Integrated Surveillance of COVID-19 study group and of the Italian COVID-19 Vaccines Registry group</creatorcontrib><title>Effectiveness against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose of bivalent (original/Omicron BA.4-5) mRNA vaccines in persons aged ≥60 years: Estimates over calendar time and by time since administration during prevalent circulation of different Omicron subvariants, Italy, 2022–2023</title><title>Vaccine</title><addtitle>Vaccine</addtitle><description>•We estimated rVE against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose in 2022–2023.•A seasonal booster dose of bivalent mRNA vaccines was effective up to spring 2023.•rVE early after booster was 83% (95% CI: 79–86%) during circulation of Omicron BA.5.•rVE early after booster was 37% (95% CI: 25–47%) during circulation of Omicron XBB.•The Omicron XBB subvariant might have partly escaped the vaccine-induced immunity.
Evaluating how a COVID-19 seasonal vaccination program performed might help to plan future campaigns. This study aims to estimate the relative effectiveness (rVE) against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose over calendar time and by time since administration.
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis among 13,083,855 persons aged ≥60 years who were eligible to receive a seasonal booster at the start of the 2022–2023 vaccination campaign in Italy. We estimated rVE against severe COVID-19 (hospitalization or death) of a seasonal booster dose of bivalent (original/Omicron BA.4-5) mRNA vaccines by two-month calendar interval and at different times post-administration. We used multivariable Cox regression models, including vaccination as time-dependent exposure, to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and rVEs as [(1-HR)X100].
The rVE of a seasonal booster decreased from 64.9% (95% CI: 59.8–69.4) in October-November 2022 to 22.0% (95% CI: 15.4–28.0) in April-May 2023, when the majority of vaccinated persons (67%) had received the booster at least 4–6 months earlier. During the epidemic phase with prevalent circulation of the Omicron BA.5 subvariant, rVE of a seasonal booster received ≤90 days earlier was 83.0% (95% CI: 79.1–86.1), compared to 37.4% (95% CI: 25.5–47.5) during prevalent circulation of the Omicron XBB subvariant. During the XBB epidemic phase, rVE was estimated at 15.8% (95% CI: 9.1–20.1) 181–369 days post-administration of the booster dose. In all the analyses we observed similar trends of rVE between persons aged 60–79 and those ≥80 years, although estimates were somewhat lower for the oldest group.
A seasonal booster dose received during the vaccination campaign provided additional protection against severe COVID-19 up to April-May 2023, after which the incidence of severe COVID-19 was much reduced. The results also suggest that the Omicron XBB subvariant might have partly escaped the immunity provided by the seasonal booster targeting the original and Omicron BA.4-5 strains of SARS-CoV-2.</description><subject>Age groups</subject><subject>Bivalent mRNA vaccines</subject><subject>Calendars</subject><subject>Circulation</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 vaccines</subject><subject>Effectiveness</subject><subject>Elderly population</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Estimates</subject><subject>Health surveillance</subject><subject>Hospitalization</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>mRNA</subject><subject>mRNA vaccines</subject><subject>Omicron subvariants</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Regression models</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Time 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Chiara</au><au>Fotakis, Emmanouil Alexandros</au><au>Battilomo, Serena</au><au>Petrone, Daniele</au><au>Del Manso, Martina</au><au>Bella, Antonino</au><au>Riccardo, Flavia</au><au>Stefanelli, Paola</au><au>Palamara, Anna Teresa</au><au>Pezzotti, Patrizio</au><aucorp>on behalf of the Italian Integrated Surveillance of COVID-19 study group and of the Italian COVID-19 Vaccines Registry group</aucorp><aucorp>Italian Integrated Surveillance of COVID-19 study group and of the Italian COVID-19 Vaccines Registry group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effectiveness against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose of bivalent (original/Omicron BA.4-5) mRNA vaccines in persons aged ≥60 years: Estimates over calendar time and by time since administration during prevalent circulation of different Omicron subvariants, Italy, 2022–2023</atitle><jtitle>Vaccine</jtitle><addtitle>Vaccine</addtitle><date>2024-10-03</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>23</issue><spage>126026</spage><pages>126026-</pages><artnum>126026</artnum><issn>0264-410X</issn><issn>1873-2518</issn><eissn>1873-2518</eissn><abstract>•We estimated rVE against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose in 2022–2023.•A seasonal booster dose of bivalent mRNA vaccines was effective up to spring 2023.•rVE early after booster was 83% (95% CI: 79–86%) during circulation of Omicron BA.5.•rVE early after booster was 37% (95% CI: 25–47%) during circulation of Omicron XBB.•The Omicron XBB subvariant might have partly escaped the vaccine-induced immunity.
Evaluating how a COVID-19 seasonal vaccination program performed might help to plan future campaigns. This study aims to estimate the relative effectiveness (rVE) against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose over calendar time and by time since administration.
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis among 13,083,855 persons aged ≥60 years who were eligible to receive a seasonal booster at the start of the 2022–2023 vaccination campaign in Italy. We estimated rVE against severe COVID-19 (hospitalization or death) of a seasonal booster dose of bivalent (original/Omicron BA.4-5) mRNA vaccines by two-month calendar interval and at different times post-administration. We used multivariable Cox regression models, including vaccination as time-dependent exposure, to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and rVEs as [(1-HR)X100].
The rVE of a seasonal booster decreased from 64.9% (95% CI: 59.8–69.4) in October-November 2022 to 22.0% (95% CI: 15.4–28.0) in April-May 2023, when the majority of vaccinated persons (67%) had received the booster at least 4–6 months earlier. During the epidemic phase with prevalent circulation of the Omicron BA.5 subvariant, rVE of a seasonal booster received ≤90 days earlier was 83.0% (95% CI: 79.1–86.1), compared to 37.4% (95% CI: 25.5–47.5) during prevalent circulation of the Omicron XBB subvariant. During the XBB epidemic phase, rVE was estimated at 15.8% (95% CI: 9.1–20.1) 181–369 days post-administration of the booster dose. In all the analyses we observed similar trends of rVE between persons aged 60–79 and those ≥80 years, although estimates were somewhat lower for the oldest group.
A seasonal booster dose received during the vaccination campaign provided additional protection against severe COVID-19 up to April-May 2023, after which the incidence of severe COVID-19 was much reduced. The results also suggest that the Omicron XBB subvariant might have partly escaped the immunity provided by the seasonal booster targeting the original and Omicron BA.4-5 strains of SARS-CoV-2.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>38834428</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.074</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0480-8723</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5893-7117</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8193-5446</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0264-410X |
| ispartof | Vaccine, 2024-10, Vol.42 (23), p.126026, Article 126026 |
| issn | 0264-410X 1873-2518 1873-2518 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_3064922041 |
| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete; ProQuest Central |
| subjects | Age groups Bivalent mRNA vaccines Calendars Circulation COVID-19 COVID-19 vaccines Effectiveness Elderly population Epidemics Estimates Health surveillance Hospitalization Infections Laboratories mRNA mRNA vaccines Omicron subvariants Population Regression analysis Regression models SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Time dependence Vaccines |
| title | Effectiveness against severe COVID-19 of a seasonal booster dose of bivalent (original/Omicron BA.4-5) mRNA vaccines in persons aged ≥60 years: Estimates over calendar time and by time since administration during prevalent circulation of different Omicron subvariants, Italy, 2022–2023 |
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