Physiological, Transcriptome, and Metabolome Analyses Reveal the Tolerance to Cu Toxicity in Red Macroalgae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis
Heavy metal copper (Cu) will inevitably impact the marine macroalgae ( ), which is a culture of economic importance along China's coastline. In this study, the detoxification mechanism of Cu stress on was revealed by assessing physiological indicators in conjunction with transcriptome and metab...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2024-05, Vol.25 (9), p.4770 |
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| creator | Chen, Xiaojiao Tang, Yueyao Zhang, Hao Zhang, Xiaoqian Sun, Xue Zang, Xiaonan Xu, Nianjun |
| description | Heavy metal copper (Cu) will inevitably impact the marine macroalgae
(
), which is a culture of economic importance along China's coastline. In this study, the detoxification mechanism of Cu stress on
was revealed by assessing physiological indicators in conjunction with transcriptome and metabolome analyses at 1 d after Cu stress. Our findings revealed that 25 μM Cu stimulated ROS synthesis and led to the enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid residues. This process subsequently impeded
growth by suppressing photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, protein synthesis, etc. The entry of Cu ions into the algae was facilitated by ZIPs and IRT transporters, presenting as Cu
. Furthermore, there was an up-regulation of Cu efflux transporters HMA5 and ABC family transporters to achieve compartmentation to mitigate the toxicity. The results revealed that
elevated the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and ascorbate-glutathione cycle to maintain ROS homeostasis. Additionally, metabolites such as flavonoids, 3-O-methylgallic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-keto-gama-carotene, and eicosapentaenoic acid were up-regulated compared with the control, indicating that they might play roles in response to Cu stress. In summary, this study offers a comprehensive insight into the detoxification mechanisms driving the responses of
to Cu exposure. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms25094770 |
| format | Article |
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(
), which is a culture of economic importance along China's coastline. In this study, the detoxification mechanism of Cu stress on
was revealed by assessing physiological indicators in conjunction with transcriptome and metabolome analyses at 1 d after Cu stress. Our findings revealed that 25 μM Cu stimulated ROS synthesis and led to the enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid residues. This process subsequently impeded
growth by suppressing photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, protein synthesis, etc. The entry of Cu ions into the algae was facilitated by ZIPs and IRT transporters, presenting as Cu
. Furthermore, there was an up-regulation of Cu efflux transporters HMA5 and ABC family transporters to achieve compartmentation to mitigate the toxicity. The results revealed that
elevated the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and ascorbate-glutathione cycle to maintain ROS homeostasis. Additionally, metabolites such as flavonoids, 3-O-methylgallic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-keto-gama-carotene, and eicosapentaenoic acid were up-regulated compared with the control, indicating that they might play roles in response to Cu stress. In summary, this study offers a comprehensive insight into the detoxification mechanisms driving the responses of
to Cu exposure.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094770</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38731988</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Algae ; Antioxidants ; Chlorophyll ; Copper - metabolism ; Copper - toxicity ; Efficiency ; Enzymes ; Flavonoids ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Heavy metals ; Marine pollution ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Metabolome - drug effects ; Metabolomics - methods ; Nitrates ; Nitrogen ; Oxidative stress ; Oxidative Stress - drug effects ; Photosynthesis ; Physiology ; Proteins ; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism ; Rhodophyta - drug effects ; Rhodophyta - genetics ; Rhodophyta - metabolism ; Seaweed - genetics ; Seaweed - metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; Toxicity ; Transcriptome</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2024-05, Vol.25 (9), p.4770</ispartof><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c314t-c94ca06e42d65237b506e50f12e29711295df2ea68216ce1447efd2a1c04d5223</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9504-4182 ; 0000-0002-0628-4687</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38731988$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xiaojiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Yueyao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Hao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Xiaoqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Xue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zang, Xiaonan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Nianjun</creatorcontrib><title>Physiological, Transcriptome, and Metabolome Analyses Reveal the Tolerance to Cu Toxicity in Red Macroalgae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis</title><title>International journal of molecular sciences</title><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><description>Heavy metal copper (Cu) will inevitably impact the marine macroalgae
(
), which is a culture of economic importance along China's coastline. In this study, the detoxification mechanism of Cu stress on
was revealed by assessing physiological indicators in conjunction with transcriptome and metabolome analyses at 1 d after Cu stress. Our findings revealed that 25 μM Cu stimulated ROS synthesis and led to the enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid residues. This process subsequently impeded
growth by suppressing photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, protein synthesis, etc. The entry of Cu ions into the algae was facilitated by ZIPs and IRT transporters, presenting as Cu
. Furthermore, there was an up-regulation of Cu efflux transporters HMA5 and ABC family transporters to achieve compartmentation to mitigate the toxicity. The results revealed that
elevated the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and ascorbate-glutathione cycle to maintain ROS homeostasis. Additionally, metabolites such as flavonoids, 3-O-methylgallic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-keto-gama-carotene, and eicosapentaenoic acid were up-regulated compared with the control, indicating that they might play roles in response to Cu stress. In summary, this study offers a comprehensive insight into the detoxification mechanisms driving the responses of
to Cu exposure.</description><subject>Algae</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Chlorophyll</subject><subject>Copper - metabolism</subject><subject>Copper - toxicity</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Marine pollution</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Metabolome - drug effects</subject><subject>Metabolomics - methods</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism</subject><subject>Rhodophyta - drug effects</subject><subject>Rhodophyta - genetics</subject><subject>Rhodophyta - metabolism</subject><subject>Seaweed - genetics</subject><subject>Seaweed - metabolism</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Transcriptome</subject><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><issn>1422-0067</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNpd0UtLAzEQB_Agiu-bZwl48dBqHptN9yhFq6AoUs_LNDvbpmQ3NdkV-w382EaqIp6Sgd9MHn9CTji7kLJgl3bZRKFYkWnNtsg-z4QYMpbr7T_7PXIQ45IxIYUqdsmeHGnJi9Fon3w8LdbReufn1oAb0GmANppgV51vcEChregDdjBLokF61YJbR4z0Gd8QHO0WSKfeYWoySDtPx32q362x3ZraNrHUDiZ4cHNAOglgrINg_SraSB020KKtfWhsPCI7NbiIx9_rIXm5uZ6Ob4f3j5O78dX90EiedUNTZAZYjpmociWknqlUKFZzgaLQnItCVbVAyEeC5wZ5lmmsKwHcsKxSQshDcr6Zuwr-tcfYlelwg86lq_g-lpIpWWgtc5no2T-69H1IX7BRXOdaq6QGG5WeGWPAulwF20BYl5yVXwmVfxNK_PR7aD9rsPrFP5HIT9aEjSA</recordid><startdate>20240501</startdate><enddate>20240501</enddate><creator>Chen, Xiaojiao</creator><creator>Tang, Yueyao</creator><creator>Zhang, Hao</creator><creator>Zhang, Xiaoqian</creator><creator>Sun, Xue</creator><creator>Zang, Xiaonan</creator><creator>Xu, Nianjun</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9504-4182</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0628-4687</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240501</creationdate><title>Physiological, Transcriptome, and Metabolome Analyses Reveal the Tolerance to Cu Toxicity in Red Macroalgae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis</title><author>Chen, Xiaojiao ; Tang, Yueyao ; Zhang, Hao ; Zhang, Xiaoqian ; Sun, Xue ; Zang, Xiaonan ; Xu, Nianjun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c314t-c94ca06e42d65237b506e50f12e29711295df2ea68216ce1447efd2a1c04d5223</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Algae</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Chlorophyll</topic><topic>Copper - metabolism</topic><topic>Copper - toxicity</topic><topic>Efficiency</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Flavonoids</topic><topic>Gene Expression Profiling</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>Marine pollution</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Metabolome - drug effects</topic><topic>Metabolomics - methods</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism</topic><topic>Rhodophyta - drug effects</topic><topic>Rhodophyta - genetics</topic><topic>Rhodophyta - metabolism</topic><topic>Seaweed - genetics</topic><topic>Seaweed - metabolism</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Transcriptome</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xiaojiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Yueyao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Hao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Xiaoqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Xue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zang, Xiaonan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Nianjun</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chen, Xiaojiao</au><au>Tang, Yueyao</au><au>Zhang, Hao</au><au>Zhang, Xiaoqian</au><au>Sun, Xue</au><au>Zang, Xiaonan</au><au>Xu, Nianjun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Physiological, Transcriptome, and Metabolome Analyses Reveal the Tolerance to Cu Toxicity in Red Macroalgae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis</atitle><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><date>2024-05-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>4770</spage><pages>4770-</pages><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><eissn>1422-0067</eissn><abstract>Heavy metal copper (Cu) will inevitably impact the marine macroalgae
(
), which is a culture of economic importance along China's coastline. In this study, the detoxification mechanism of Cu stress on
was revealed by assessing physiological indicators in conjunction with transcriptome and metabolome analyses at 1 d after Cu stress. Our findings revealed that 25 μM Cu stimulated ROS synthesis and led to the enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid residues. This process subsequently impeded
growth by suppressing photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, protein synthesis, etc. The entry of Cu ions into the algae was facilitated by ZIPs and IRT transporters, presenting as Cu
. Furthermore, there was an up-regulation of Cu efflux transporters HMA5 and ABC family transporters to achieve compartmentation to mitigate the toxicity. The results revealed that
elevated the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and ascorbate-glutathione cycle to maintain ROS homeostasis. Additionally, metabolites such as flavonoids, 3-O-methylgallic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-keto-gama-carotene, and eicosapentaenoic acid were up-regulated compared with the control, indicating that they might play roles in response to Cu stress. In summary, this study offers a comprehensive insight into the detoxification mechanisms driving the responses of
to Cu exposure.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>38731988</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijms25094770</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9504-4182</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0628-4687</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Algae Antioxidants Chlorophyll Copper - metabolism Copper - toxicity Efficiency Enzymes Flavonoids Gene Expression Profiling Heavy metals Marine pollution Metabolism Metabolites Metabolome - drug effects Metabolomics - methods Nitrates Nitrogen Oxidative stress Oxidative Stress - drug effects Photosynthesis Physiology Proteins Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Rhodophyta - drug effects Rhodophyta - genetics Rhodophyta - metabolism Seaweed - genetics Seaweed - metabolism Stress, Physiological Toxicity Transcriptome |
| title | Physiological, Transcriptome, and Metabolome Analyses Reveal the Tolerance to Cu Toxicity in Red Macroalgae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis |
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