Factors influencing pregnancy rate and loss after laparoscopic artificial insemination with frozen–thawed semen in Lohi sheep under sub‐tropical conditions

This study evaluates factors influencing pregnancy rates per artificial insemination (P/AI) and pregnancy loss in Lohi ewes undergoing laparoscopic AI with frozen–thawed semen under sub‐tropical conditions. Data from three experiments comprising ewes (n = 358) of mixed parity (nulliparous; NP and parous; P), various body condition score (BCS) and assigned to long‐term (LTP, 11 days) and short‐term (STP, 5 days) oestrus synchronization regimen across high breeding season (HBS) and low breeding season (LBS) were analysed. Laparoscopic insemination was conducted 54 h post‐sponge removal. Pregnancy diagnosis and loss were evaluated on days 35 and 90 post‐insemination via ultrasonography. Results showed parity significantly influenced P/AI, with nulliparous ewes achieving higher pregnancy ratios than parous ewes (p = .001). BCS significantly influenced P/AI (p