Assessment of periodontal health status in patients with Parkinson's disease—A systematic review and meta‐analysis of cross‐sectional studies

Introduction Parkinson's disease (PKD) is neurodegenerative disorder marked by tremors, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity and reduction in precise hand movements which could lead to improper oral hygiene and Periodontal disease. Current systematic review aims to review existing literature and provide assessment of periodontal health in PKD patients through a meta‐analysis Methods Review was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and registered in PROSPERO—CRD42023451700. Databases were searched for studies having sufficient data on periodontal health in patients with PKD compared to healthy controls and reporting outcomes in terms of various periodontal parameters of probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI), clinical attachment level (CAL), presence of bleeding on probing and gingivitis. Quality assessment of included was evaluated using Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results Eleven studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria, of which ten studies were suitable for meta‐analysis. Pooled estimate through the SMD showed that all periodontal parameters were altered and significantly deteriorated in PKD compared to controls but this group differences were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Publication bias through the funnel plot showed symmetric distribution with absence of systematic heterogeneity. Conclusion Parkinson's disease could be a possible factor in deterioration of periodontal health.