Cardiovascular MRI Reference Ranges for Heart, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery in Healthy Chinese Children
Background Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (cardiac MR) reference ranges in Chinese children are lacking. Purpose To establish age‐ and sex‐specific reference ranges for cardiac MR parameters in a cohort of healthy Chinese children. Study Type Retrospective. Subjects One hundred ninety‐six healthy...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of magnetic resonance imaging 2025-01, Vol.61 (1), p.220-234 |
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| creator | Cao, Yukun Peng, Hua Zhang, Kailu Huang, Mengting Luo, Qinyue Li, Hanting Li, Yumin Wang, Lin Shi, Heshui |
| description | Background
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (cardiac MR) reference ranges in Chinese children are lacking.
Purpose
To establish age‐ and sex‐specific reference ranges for cardiac MR parameters in a cohort of healthy Chinese children.
Study Type
Retrospective.
Subjects
One hundred ninety‐six healthy children (mean age 9.5 ± 3.6 years, 111 boys).
Field Strength/Sequence
1.5 T; balanced steady‐state free precession.
Assessment
Biventricular volume and ejection fractions (EF), left atrial (LA) volume, right atrial (RA) area, left ventricular (LV) mass and thickness, aortic root (AR), and main pulmonary artery (MPA) dimensions were measured. Parameters were compared between age groups and sex. The relationships between parameters and age, body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) were investigated.
Statistical Tests
Independent‐samples t tests; Pearson's correlation. A P value |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jmri.29394 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_3045116740</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3144208636</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3704-534aa9787b78284d0025219ccffe2f43aa083567e7666176ccabd8dd7935b2e63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUtPGzEURq2qqDw3_QGVpW4qxAS_7VlGUSFBIFAEa8vx3CkTzYPaM6D8ezwksGDB6ruLo6N7v4vQT0omlBB2vm5CNWE5z8U3dEAlYxmTRn1PM5E8o4bofXQY45oQkudC_kD73ChJlVQHqJy5UFTds4t-qF3AN8sFXkIJAVoPeOnafxBx2QU8Bxf6MzztQu_OsGsLfDfUTde6sMHT0EOKqh2pun_c4Nlj1UKEMesiuY7RXunqCCe7PEIPF3_vZ_Ps-vZyMZteZ55rIjLJhXO5NnqlDTOiSNdJRnPvyxJYKbhzxHCpNGilFNXKe7cqTFHonMsVA8WP0J-t9yl0_weIvW2q6KGuXQvdEC0nQlKqtCAJ_f0JXXdDaNN2llMhGDGKj8LTLeVDF2OA0j6FqklHW0rs2L4d27dv7Sf41045rBooPtD3uhNAt8BLVcPmC5W9So_YSl8B0c6N2Q</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3144208636</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Cardiovascular MRI Reference Ranges for Heart, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery in Healthy Chinese Children</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library</source><creator>Cao, Yukun ; Peng, Hua ; Zhang, Kailu ; Huang, Mengting ; Luo, Qinyue ; Li, Hanting ; Li, Yumin ; Wang, Lin ; Shi, Heshui</creator><creatorcontrib>Cao, Yukun ; Peng, Hua ; Zhang, Kailu ; Huang, Mengting ; Luo, Qinyue ; Li, Hanting ; Li, Yumin ; Wang, Lin ; Shi, Heshui</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (cardiac MR) reference ranges in Chinese children are lacking.
Purpose
To establish age‐ and sex‐specific reference ranges for cardiac MR parameters in a cohort of healthy Chinese children.
Study Type
Retrospective.
Subjects
One hundred ninety‐six healthy children (mean age 9.5 ± 3.6 years, 111 boys).
Field Strength/Sequence
1.5 T; balanced steady‐state free precession.
Assessment
Biventricular volume and ejection fractions (EF), left atrial (LA) volume, right atrial (RA) area, left ventricular (LV) mass and thickness, aortic root (AR), and main pulmonary artery (MPA) dimensions were measured. Parameters were compared between age groups and sex. The relationships between parameters and age, body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) were investigated.
Statistical Tests
Independent‐samples t tests; Pearson's correlation. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Generally, boys exhibited greater absolute measurements of LV volume (end‐diastolic: 94.4 ± 29.5 vs. 81.3 ± 31.0 mL), LA volume (end‐diastolic: 42.6 ± 13.4 vs. 38.0 ± 13.3 mL), RA area (end‐diastolic: 11.6 ± 2.5 vs. 10.8 ± 2.6 cm2), LV thickness (base: 4.4 ± 1.1 vs. 3.8 ± 0.9 mm), AR dimensions (annuls: 16.3 ± 2.7 vs. 15.0 ± 2.8 mm), and MPA dimensions (14.3 ± 2.3 vs. 13.1 ± 2.4 mm) than girls did. However, these differences were not observed when the measurements were normalized to BSA (LV volume: 75.3 ± 11.7 vs. 71.9 ± 12.3 mL/m2, P = 0.052; LA volume: 34.8 ± 8.9 vs. 34.5 ± 7.6 mL/m2, P = 0.783; RA area: 9.7 ± 2.3 vs. 10.2 ± 2.3 cm2/m2, P = 0.107; LV thickness: 3.6 ± 0.7 vs. 3.6 ± 0.9 mm/m2, P = 0.990; AR: 13.6 ± 2.7 vs. 14.3 ± 3.4 mm/m2, P = 0.108; MPA: 11.9 ± 2.3 vs. 12.4 ± 2.4 mm/m2, P = 0.118). Boys had greater RV volume (end‐diastolic: 98.7 ± 33.5 vs. 82.7 ± 33.1 mL) and LV mass (52.6 ± 20.2 vs. 41.4 ± 16.0 g) compared to girls, irrespective of whether the values were indexed or not for BSA. Additionally, there were significant associations between age, BMI, and BSA with biventricular volume, LA volume, RA area, LV mass and thickness, AR and MPA dimensions in both boys and girls.
Data Conclusion
This study suggests reference ranges at 1.5 T for Chinese children.
Evidence Level
3
Technical Efficacy
Stage 2</description><identifier>ISSN: 1053-1807</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1522-2586</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-2586</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29394</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38651656</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Age ; Aorta ; Aorta - diagnostic imaging ; Asian People ; Body Mass Index ; Body size ; Body Surface Area ; cardiovascular magnetic resonance ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; China ; Chinese children ; East Asian People ; Female ; Field strength ; Girls ; Heart ; Heart - diagnostic imaging ; Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Magnetic resonance ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods ; Male ; normal values ; Parameters ; Pulmonary arteries ; Pulmonary artery ; Pulmonary Artery - diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Artery - physiology ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical tests ; Thickness</subject><ispartof>Journal of magnetic resonance imaging, 2025-01, Vol.61 (1), p.220-234</ispartof><rights>2024 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.</rights><rights>2025 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3704-534aa9787b78284d0025219ccffe2f43aa083567e7666176ccabd8dd7935b2e63</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7644-3711</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fjmri.29394$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fjmri.29394$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38651656$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cao, Yukun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peng, Hua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Kailu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Mengting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Qinyue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Hanting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Yumin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Lin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Heshui</creatorcontrib><title>Cardiovascular MRI Reference Ranges for Heart, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery in Healthy Chinese Children</title><title>Journal of magnetic resonance imaging</title><addtitle>J Magn Reson Imaging</addtitle><description>Background
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (cardiac MR) reference ranges in Chinese children are lacking.
Purpose
To establish age‐ and sex‐specific reference ranges for cardiac MR parameters in a cohort of healthy Chinese children.
Study Type
Retrospective.
Subjects
One hundred ninety‐six healthy children (mean age 9.5 ± 3.6 years, 111 boys).
Field Strength/Sequence
1.5 T; balanced steady‐state free precession.
Assessment
Biventricular volume and ejection fractions (EF), left atrial (LA) volume, right atrial (RA) area, left ventricular (LV) mass and thickness, aortic root (AR), and main pulmonary artery (MPA) dimensions were measured. Parameters were compared between age groups and sex. The relationships between parameters and age, body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) were investigated.
Statistical Tests
Independent‐samples t tests; Pearson's correlation. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Generally, boys exhibited greater absolute measurements of LV volume (end‐diastolic: 94.4 ± 29.5 vs. 81.3 ± 31.0 mL), LA volume (end‐diastolic: 42.6 ± 13.4 vs. 38.0 ± 13.3 mL), RA area (end‐diastolic: 11.6 ± 2.5 vs. 10.8 ± 2.6 cm2), LV thickness (base: 4.4 ± 1.1 vs. 3.8 ± 0.9 mm), AR dimensions (annuls: 16.3 ± 2.7 vs. 15.0 ± 2.8 mm), and MPA dimensions (14.3 ± 2.3 vs. 13.1 ± 2.4 mm) than girls did. However, these differences were not observed when the measurements were normalized to BSA (LV volume: 75.3 ± 11.7 vs. 71.9 ± 12.3 mL/m2, P = 0.052; LA volume: 34.8 ± 8.9 vs. 34.5 ± 7.6 mL/m2, P = 0.783; RA area: 9.7 ± 2.3 vs. 10.2 ± 2.3 cm2/m2, P = 0.107; LV thickness: 3.6 ± 0.7 vs. 3.6 ± 0.9 mm/m2, P = 0.990; AR: 13.6 ± 2.7 vs. 14.3 ± 3.4 mm/m2, P = 0.108; MPA: 11.9 ± 2.3 vs. 12.4 ± 2.4 mm/m2, P = 0.118). Boys had greater RV volume (end‐diastolic: 98.7 ± 33.5 vs. 82.7 ± 33.1 mL) and LV mass (52.6 ± 20.2 vs. 41.4 ± 16.0 g) compared to girls, irrespective of whether the values were indexed or not for BSA. Additionally, there were significant associations between age, BMI, and BSA with biventricular volume, LA volume, RA area, LV mass and thickness, AR and MPA dimensions in both boys and girls.
Data Conclusion
This study suggests reference ranges at 1.5 T for Chinese children.
Evidence Level
3
Technical Efficacy
Stage 2</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aorta</subject><subject>Aorta - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Asian People</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Body Surface Area</subject><subject>cardiovascular magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Chinese children</subject><subject>East Asian People</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Field strength</subject><subject>Girls</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Heart - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>normal values</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>Pulmonary arteries</subject><subject>Pulmonary artery</subject><subject>Pulmonary Artery - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Pulmonary Artery - physiology</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Sex</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical tests</subject><subject>Thickness</subject><issn>1053-1807</issn><issn>1522-2586</issn><issn>1522-2586</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtPGzEURq2qqDw3_QGVpW4qxAS_7VlGUSFBIFAEa8vx3CkTzYPaM6D8ezwksGDB6ruLo6N7v4vQT0omlBB2vm5CNWE5z8U3dEAlYxmTRn1PM5E8o4bofXQY45oQkudC_kD73ChJlVQHqJy5UFTds4t-qF3AN8sFXkIJAVoPeOnafxBx2QU8Bxf6MzztQu_OsGsLfDfUTde6sMHT0EOKqh2pun_c4Nlj1UKEMesiuY7RXunqCCe7PEIPF3_vZ_Ps-vZyMZteZ55rIjLJhXO5NnqlDTOiSNdJRnPvyxJYKbhzxHCpNGilFNXKe7cqTFHonMsVA8WP0J-t9yl0_weIvW2q6KGuXQvdEC0nQlKqtCAJ_f0JXXdDaNN2llMhGDGKj8LTLeVDF2OA0j6FqklHW0rs2L4d27dv7Sf41045rBooPtD3uhNAt8BLVcPmC5W9So_YSl8B0c6N2Q</recordid><startdate>202501</startdate><enddate>202501</enddate><creator>Cao, Yukun</creator><creator>Peng, Hua</creator><creator>Zhang, Kailu</creator><creator>Huang, Mengting</creator><creator>Luo, Qinyue</creator><creator>Li, Hanting</creator><creator>Li, Yumin</creator><creator>Wang, Lin</creator><creator>Shi, Heshui</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-3711</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202501</creationdate><title>Cardiovascular MRI Reference Ranges for Heart, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery in Healthy Chinese Children</title><author>Cao, Yukun ; Peng, Hua ; Zhang, Kailu ; Huang, Mengting ; Luo, Qinyue ; Li, Hanting ; Li, Yumin ; Wang, Lin ; Shi, Heshui</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3704-534aa9787b78284d0025219ccffe2f43aa083567e7666176ccabd8dd7935b2e63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Aorta</topic><topic>Aorta - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Asian People</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Body Surface Area</topic><topic>cardiovascular magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Chinese children</topic><topic>East Asian People</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Field strength</topic><topic>Girls</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Heart - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>normal values</topic><topic>Parameters</topic><topic>Pulmonary arteries</topic><topic>Pulmonary artery</topic><topic>Pulmonary Artery - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Pulmonary Artery - physiology</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Sex</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical tests</topic><topic>Thickness</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cao, Yukun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peng, Hua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Kailu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Mengting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Qinyue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Hanting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Yumin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Lin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Heshui</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of magnetic resonance imaging</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cao, Yukun</au><au>Peng, Hua</au><au>Zhang, Kailu</au><au>Huang, Mengting</au><au>Luo, Qinyue</au><au>Li, Hanting</au><au>Li, Yumin</au><au>Wang, Lin</au><au>Shi, Heshui</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cardiovascular MRI Reference Ranges for Heart, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery in Healthy Chinese Children</atitle><jtitle>Journal of magnetic resonance imaging</jtitle><addtitle>J Magn Reson Imaging</addtitle><date>2025-01</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>61</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>220</spage><epage>234</epage><pages>220-234</pages><issn>1053-1807</issn><issn>1522-2586</issn><eissn>1522-2586</eissn><abstract>Background
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (cardiac MR) reference ranges in Chinese children are lacking.
Purpose
To establish age‐ and sex‐specific reference ranges for cardiac MR parameters in a cohort of healthy Chinese children.
Study Type
Retrospective.
Subjects
One hundred ninety‐six healthy children (mean age 9.5 ± 3.6 years, 111 boys).
Field Strength/Sequence
1.5 T; balanced steady‐state free precession.
Assessment
Biventricular volume and ejection fractions (EF), left atrial (LA) volume, right atrial (RA) area, left ventricular (LV) mass and thickness, aortic root (AR), and main pulmonary artery (MPA) dimensions were measured. Parameters were compared between age groups and sex. The relationships between parameters and age, body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) were investigated.
Statistical Tests
Independent‐samples t tests; Pearson's correlation. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Generally, boys exhibited greater absolute measurements of LV volume (end‐diastolic: 94.4 ± 29.5 vs. 81.3 ± 31.0 mL), LA volume (end‐diastolic: 42.6 ± 13.4 vs. 38.0 ± 13.3 mL), RA area (end‐diastolic: 11.6 ± 2.5 vs. 10.8 ± 2.6 cm2), LV thickness (base: 4.4 ± 1.1 vs. 3.8 ± 0.9 mm), AR dimensions (annuls: 16.3 ± 2.7 vs. 15.0 ± 2.8 mm), and MPA dimensions (14.3 ± 2.3 vs. 13.1 ± 2.4 mm) than girls did. However, these differences were not observed when the measurements were normalized to BSA (LV volume: 75.3 ± 11.7 vs. 71.9 ± 12.3 mL/m2, P = 0.052; LA volume: 34.8 ± 8.9 vs. 34.5 ± 7.6 mL/m2, P = 0.783; RA area: 9.7 ± 2.3 vs. 10.2 ± 2.3 cm2/m2, P = 0.107; LV thickness: 3.6 ± 0.7 vs. 3.6 ± 0.9 mm/m2, P = 0.990; AR: 13.6 ± 2.7 vs. 14.3 ± 3.4 mm/m2, P = 0.108; MPA: 11.9 ± 2.3 vs. 12.4 ± 2.4 mm/m2, P = 0.118). Boys had greater RV volume (end‐diastolic: 98.7 ± 33.5 vs. 82.7 ± 33.1 mL) and LV mass (52.6 ± 20.2 vs. 41.4 ± 16.0 g) compared to girls, irrespective of whether the values were indexed or not for BSA. Additionally, there were significant associations between age, BMI, and BSA with biventricular volume, LA volume, RA area, LV mass and thickness, AR and MPA dimensions in both boys and girls.
Data Conclusion
This study suggests reference ranges at 1.5 T for Chinese children.
Evidence Level
3
Technical Efficacy
Stage 2</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>38651656</pmid><doi>10.1002/jmri.29394</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-3711</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Age Aorta Aorta - diagnostic imaging Asian People Body Mass Index Body size Body Surface Area cardiovascular magnetic resonance Child Child, Preschool Children Children & youth China Chinese children East Asian People Female Field strength Girls Heart Heart - diagnostic imaging Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging Humans Magnetic resonance Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Male normal values Parameters Pulmonary arteries Pulmonary artery Pulmonary Artery - diagnostic imaging Pulmonary Artery - physiology Reference Values Retrospective Studies Sex Statistical analysis Statistical tests Thickness |
| title | Cardiovascular MRI Reference Ranges for Heart, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery in Healthy Chinese Children |
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