Microflow sensing and control using an in-channel birefringent biomembrane

This study describes the function, optimization, and demonstration of a new class of passive, low-cost microfluidic flow meters based on birefringent chitosan biomembranes analyzed by polarized microscopy. We subjected the membrane to dynamic flow conditions while monitoring the real-time response of its optical properties. We obtained figures of merit, including the linear response operating range (0 to 65 μL min −1 ), minimum response time (250 ms), sensitivity (2.03% × 10 −3 μL −1 min), and minimum sensor longevity (1 week). In addition, possible sources of interference were identified. Finally, we demonstrate the membrane as a low-cost flow rate measurement device for the close loop control of a commercial pressure-driven pump. Preliminary experiments using a basic PID controller with the membrane-based flow rate measurement device showed that stable control could be achieved and the system could reach steady-state behavior in less than 15 seconds. Analysis of fundamental limits to sensor response time indicate the potential for faster steady-state behaviour. We report a flow sensitive birefringent in-channel chitosan micromembrane. Using a simple cross-polarizer and a calibration curve, the membrane functions as a flow rate meter, which also works as a feedback element for a flow control system.