Distribution dynamics and descriptive statistical analysis of radionuclides in the farmland soils near mining areas in Southwestern Nigeria
Human exposure to ionizing radiation in the environment is mainly due to naturally occurring radionuclides in the soils, building materials and rocks, but the level may vary depending on the anthropogenic activities prevalent in each location. Presently, in Nigeria, there are concerns due to environ...
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| creator | Njinga, Raymond L. Ogundele, Tunde L. Adebayo, Adebiyi S. Olatunji, Michael A. Olufemi, Ayodele P. Olowookere, Christopher J. Aladeniyi, Kehinde Pereira, Alcides Arogunjo, Muyiwa A. Tshivhase, Victor M. |
| description | Human exposure to ionizing radiation in the environment is mainly due to naturally occurring radionuclides in the soils, building materials and rocks, but the level may vary depending on the anthropogenic activities prevalent in each location. Presently, in Nigeria, there are concerns due to environmental health implications of all sorts of mineral mining and processing spreading across the southwestern states of the country. This work determines the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclide materials (NORMs) in the farmland soil with the aim of evaluating the radiation hazards. A total of 200 composite soil samples were taken from five states in the southwest of Nigeria, close to active mining sites at the root (0.2 m) and at deep planting zones (0.5 m) for analysis by gamma-ray spectrometry using NaI(Tl) detector. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in the composite soil samples were determined to vary in the order of
40
K >
232
Th >
226
Ra/
238
U for all locations. In contrast to the other locations, Olode and Igbokoda had average radium equivalent activities (Ra
eq
) to be 1.6 and 1.8 times, respectively, higher than the reference limit of 370 Bqkg
−1
. The estimated excess life cancer risk values were lower than the 0.29 × 10
−3
global average value for soil by United Nations on Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Negative and low skewness values of 0.61 and 1.20 were obtained for
40
K in Itagunmodi, and also 0.47 and 0.66 for
232
Th were obtained in Sagamu. The kurtosis analysis of the activity concentrations was low and negative for soil at Itagunmodi for
40
K and
226
Ra/
238
U; Olode for
40
K and
232
Th; and Igbokoda for
226
Ra/
238
U and
232
Th where mining activities are commonly practiced. The variation in the results has been attributed to different agriculture practices and artisanal mining operations in each location. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10653-022-01440-4 |
| format | Article |
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40
K >
232
Th >
226
Ra/
238
U for all locations. In contrast to the other locations, Olode and Igbokoda had average radium equivalent activities (Ra
eq
) to be 1.6 and 1.8 times, respectively, higher than the reference limit of 370 Bqkg
−1
. The estimated excess life cancer risk values were lower than the 0.29 × 10
−3
global average value for soil by United Nations on Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Negative and low skewness values of 0.61 and 1.20 were obtained for
40
K in Itagunmodi, and also 0.47 and 0.66 for
232
Th were obtained in Sagamu. The kurtosis analysis of the activity concentrations was low and negative for soil at Itagunmodi for
40
K and
226
Ra/
238
U; Olode for
40
K and
232
Th; and Igbokoda for
226
Ra/
238
U and
232
Th where mining activities are commonly practiced. The variation in the results has been attributed to different agriculture practices and artisanal mining operations in each location.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-4042</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2983</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01440-4</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36456669</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Agricultural land ; Agricultural practices ; agricultural soils ; Analysis ; Anthropogenic factors ; Building materials ; Construction materials ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Farms ; Gamma rays ; Geochemistry ; Health risks ; Humans ; International organizations ; Ionizing radiation ; Kurtosis ; Mining ; Nigeria ; Norms ; Original Paper ; Potassium Radioisotopes - analysis ; Public Health ; Radiation ; Radiation hazards ; Radiation Monitoring ; Radiation protection ; Radioisotopes ; Radioisotopes - analysis ; Radionuclide kinetics ; Radium ; Radium - analysis ; Radium 226 ; Radium isotopes ; Radium radioisotopes ; risk ; Skewness ; Soil ; Soil - chemistry ; Soil dynamics ; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Soils ; Spectrometry ; spectroscopy ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Terrestrial Pollution ; Thorium - analysis ; traditional technology</subject><ispartof>Environmental geochemistry and health, 2023-06, Vol.45 (6), p.3617-3636</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c452t-aebff29cfcada4b9300e904272b652c41c92da49256905d61a57ff422992b7643</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c452t-aebff29cfcada4b9300e904272b652c41c92da49256905d61a57ff422992b7643</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10653-022-01440-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10653-022-01440-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36456669$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Njinga, Raymond L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogundele, Tunde L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adebayo, Adebiyi S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olatunji, Michael A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olufemi, Ayodele P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olowookere, Christopher J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aladeniyi, Kehinde</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira, Alcides</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arogunjo, Muyiwa A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tshivhase, Victor M.</creatorcontrib><title>Distribution dynamics and descriptive statistical analysis of radionuclides in the farmland soils near mining areas in Southwestern Nigeria</title><title>Environmental geochemistry and health</title><addtitle>Environ Geochem Health</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Geochem Health</addtitle><description>Human exposure to ionizing radiation in the environment is mainly due to naturally occurring radionuclides in the soils, building materials and rocks, but the level may vary depending on the anthropogenic activities prevalent in each location. Presently, in Nigeria, there are concerns due to environmental health implications of all sorts of mineral mining and processing spreading across the southwestern states of the country. This work determines the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclide materials (NORMs) in the farmland soil with the aim of evaluating the radiation hazards. A total of 200 composite soil samples were taken from five states in the southwest of Nigeria, close to active mining sites at the root (0.2 m) and at deep planting zones (0.5 m) for analysis by gamma-ray spectrometry using NaI(Tl) detector. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in the composite soil samples were determined to vary in the order of
40
K >
232
Th >
226
Ra/
238
U for all locations. In contrast to the other locations, Olode and Igbokoda had average radium equivalent activities (Ra
eq
) to be 1.6 and 1.8 times, respectively, higher than the reference limit of 370 Bqkg
−1
. The estimated excess life cancer risk values were lower than the 0.29 × 10
−3
global average value for soil by United Nations on Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Negative and low skewness values of 0.61 and 1.20 were obtained for
40
K in Itagunmodi, and also 0.47 and 0.66 for
232
Th were obtained in Sagamu. The kurtosis analysis of the activity concentrations was low and negative for soil at Itagunmodi for
40
K and
226
Ra/
238
U; Olode for
40
K and
232
Th; and Igbokoda for
226
Ra/
238
U and
232
Th where mining activities are commonly practiced. The variation in the results has been attributed to different agriculture practices and artisanal mining operations in each location.</description><subject>Agricultural land</subject><subject>Agricultural practices</subject><subject>agricultural soils</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Building materials</subject><subject>Construction materials</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Farms</subject><subject>Gamma rays</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>International organizations</subject><subject>Ionizing radiation</subject><subject>Kurtosis</subject><subject>Mining</subject><subject>Nigeria</subject><subject>Norms</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Potassium Radioisotopes - analysis</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Radiation</subject><subject>Radiation hazards</subject><subject>Radiation Monitoring</subject><subject>Radiation protection</subject><subject>Radioisotopes</subject><subject>Radioisotopes - analysis</subject><subject>Radionuclide kinetics</subject><subject>Radium</subject><subject>Radium - analysis</subject><subject>Radium 226</subject><subject>Radium isotopes</subject><subject>Radium radioisotopes</subject><subject>risk</subject><subject>Skewness</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>Soil - chemistry</subject><subject>Soil dynamics</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis</subject><subject>Soil Science & Conservation</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Spectrometry</subject><subject>spectroscopy</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Terrestrial Pollution</subject><subject>Thorium - analysis</subject><subject>traditional technology</subject><issn>0269-4042</issn><issn>1573-2983</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1u1TAQhS0EoreFF2CBLLFhE7AnthMvUcufVMGiZW05jt26SpyLxym6z8BL17e3gMSiKy_ON8cz5xDyirN3nLHuPXKmZNswgIZxIVgjnpANl13bgO7bp2TDQOlGMAFH5BjxhjGmO9E_J0etElIppTfk91nEkuOwlrgkOu6SnaNDatNIR48ux22Jt55isaWC0dmpanbaYUS6BJrtWOdWN8VK05houfY02DxPewdc4oQ0eZvpHFNMV9Rmb--5i2Ut1788Fp8T_RavfI72BXkW7IT-5cN7Qn58-nh5-qU5__756-mH88YJCaWxfggBtAvOjlYMumXM63pkB4OS4AR3GqqgQSrN5Ki4lV0IAkBrGDol2hPy9uC7zcvPte5g5ojOT3Vnv6xoWlYzk6qTqqJv_kNvljXXANBAD5x3soe-UnCgXF4Qsw9mm-Ns885wZvZVmUNVplZl7qsy-y1eP1ivw-zHvyN_uqlAewCwSqkm9O_vR2zvALhVoTA</recordid><startdate>20230601</startdate><enddate>20230601</enddate><creator>Njinga, Raymond L.</creator><creator>Ogundele, Tunde L.</creator><creator>Adebayo, Adebiyi S.</creator><creator>Olatunji, Michael A.</creator><creator>Olufemi, Ayodele P.</creator><creator>Olowookere, Christopher J.</creator><creator>Aladeniyi, Kehinde</creator><creator>Pereira, Alcides</creator><creator>Arogunjo, Muyiwa A.</creator><creator>Tshivhase, Victor M.</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230601</creationdate><title>Distribution dynamics and descriptive statistical analysis of radionuclides in the farmland soils near mining areas in Southwestern Nigeria</title><author>Njinga, Raymond L. ; Ogundele, Tunde L. ; Adebayo, Adebiyi S. ; Olatunji, Michael A. ; Olufemi, Ayodele P. ; Olowookere, Christopher J. ; Aladeniyi, Kehinde ; Pereira, Alcides ; Arogunjo, Muyiwa A. ; Tshivhase, Victor M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c452t-aebff29cfcada4b9300e904272b652c41c92da49256905d61a57ff422992b7643</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Agricultural land</topic><topic>Agricultural practices</topic><topic>agricultural soils</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Anthropogenic factors</topic><topic>Building materials</topic><topic>Construction materials</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Farms</topic><topic>Gamma rays</topic><topic>Geochemistry</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>International organizations</topic><topic>Ionizing radiation</topic><topic>Kurtosis</topic><topic>Mining</topic><topic>Nigeria</topic><topic>Norms</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Potassium Radioisotopes - analysis</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Radiation</topic><topic>Radiation hazards</topic><topic>Radiation Monitoring</topic><topic>Radiation protection</topic><topic>Radioisotopes</topic><topic>Radioisotopes - analysis</topic><topic>Radionuclide kinetics</topic><topic>Radium</topic><topic>Radium - analysis</topic><topic>Radium 226</topic><topic>Radium isotopes</topic><topic>Radium radioisotopes</topic><topic>risk</topic><topic>Skewness</topic><topic>Soil</topic><topic>Soil - chemistry</topic><topic>Soil dynamics</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis</topic><topic>Soil Science & Conservation</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Spectrometry</topic><topic>spectroscopy</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Terrestrial Pollution</topic><topic>Thorium - analysis</topic><topic>traditional technology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Njinga, Raymond L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogundele, Tunde L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adebayo, Adebiyi S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olatunji, Michael A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olufemi, Ayodele P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olowookere, Christopher J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aladeniyi, Kehinde</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira, Alcides</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arogunjo, Muyiwa A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tshivhase, Victor M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental geochemistry and health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Njinga, Raymond L.</au><au>Ogundele, Tunde L.</au><au>Adebayo, Adebiyi S.</au><au>Olatunji, Michael A.</au><au>Olufemi, Ayodele P.</au><au>Olowookere, Christopher J.</au><au>Aladeniyi, Kehinde</au><au>Pereira, Alcides</au><au>Arogunjo, Muyiwa A.</au><au>Tshivhase, Victor M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Distribution dynamics and descriptive statistical analysis of radionuclides in the farmland soils near mining areas in Southwestern Nigeria</atitle><jtitle>Environmental geochemistry and health</jtitle><stitle>Environ Geochem Health</stitle><addtitle>Environ Geochem Health</addtitle><date>2023-06-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>45</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>3617</spage><epage>3636</epage><pages>3617-3636</pages><issn>0269-4042</issn><eissn>1573-2983</eissn><abstract>Human exposure to ionizing radiation in the environment is mainly due to naturally occurring radionuclides in the soils, building materials and rocks, but the level may vary depending on the anthropogenic activities prevalent in each location. Presently, in Nigeria, there are concerns due to environmental health implications of all sorts of mineral mining and processing spreading across the southwestern states of the country. This work determines the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclide materials (NORMs) in the farmland soil with the aim of evaluating the radiation hazards. A total of 200 composite soil samples were taken from five states in the southwest of Nigeria, close to active mining sites at the root (0.2 m) and at deep planting zones (0.5 m) for analysis by gamma-ray spectrometry using NaI(Tl) detector. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in the composite soil samples were determined to vary in the order of
40
K >
232
Th >
226
Ra/
238
U for all locations. In contrast to the other locations, Olode and Igbokoda had average radium equivalent activities (Ra
eq
) to be 1.6 and 1.8 times, respectively, higher than the reference limit of 370 Bqkg
−1
. The estimated excess life cancer risk values were lower than the 0.29 × 10
−3
global average value for soil by United Nations on Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Negative and low skewness values of 0.61 and 1.20 were obtained for
40
K in Itagunmodi, and also 0.47 and 0.66 for
232
Th were obtained in Sagamu. The kurtosis analysis of the activity concentrations was low and negative for soil at Itagunmodi for
40
K and
226
Ra/
238
U; Olode for
40
K and
232
Th; and Igbokoda for
226
Ra/
238
U and
232
Th where mining activities are commonly practiced. The variation in the results has been attributed to different agriculture practices and artisanal mining operations in each location.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>36456669</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10653-022-01440-4</doi><tpages>20</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0269-4042 |
| ispartof | Environmental geochemistry and health, 2023-06, Vol.45 (6), p.3617-3636 |
| issn | 0269-4042 1573-2983 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_3040456756 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Agricultural land Agricultural practices agricultural soils Analysis Anthropogenic factors Building materials Construction materials Earth and Environmental Science Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Farms Gamma rays Geochemistry Health risks Humans International organizations Ionizing radiation Kurtosis Mining Nigeria Norms Original Paper Potassium Radioisotopes - analysis Public Health Radiation Radiation hazards Radiation Monitoring Radiation protection Radioisotopes Radioisotopes - analysis Radionuclide kinetics Radium Radium - analysis Radium 226 Radium isotopes Radium radioisotopes risk Skewness Soil Soil - chemistry Soil dynamics Soil Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis Soil Science & Conservation Soils Spectrometry spectroscopy Statistical analysis Statistical methods Terrestrial Pollution Thorium - analysis traditional technology |
| title | Distribution dynamics and descriptive statistical analysis of radionuclides in the farmland soils near mining areas in Southwestern Nigeria |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-05T18%3A09%3A25IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Distribution%20dynamics%20and%20descriptive%20statistical%20analysis%20of%20radionuclides%20in%20the%20farmland%20soils%20near%20mining%20areas%20in%20Southwestern%20Nigeria&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20geochemistry%20and%20health&rft.au=Njinga,%20Raymond%20L.&rft.date=2023-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3617&rft.epage=3636&rft.pages=3617-3636&rft.issn=0269-4042&rft.eissn=1573-2983&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s10653-022-01440-4&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2821175828%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2821175828&rft_id=info:pmid/36456669&rfr_iscdi=true |