The Relationship Between Time Spent on Social Media and Adolescent Cigarette, E-cigarette, and Dual Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study
To estimate the effect of social media use in 14 year olds on risk of and inequalities in cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use at 17 years, using the UK-representative Millennium Cohort Study (born 2000-2002). The relationship of time spent on social media (using questionnaires [n = 8987] and time-u...
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| creator | Purba, Amrit Kaur Henderson, Marion Baxter, Andrew Pearce, Anna Katikireddi, S Vittal |
| description | To estimate the effect of social media use in 14 year olds on risk of and inequalities in cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use at 17 years, using the UK-representative Millennium Cohort Study (born 2000-2002).
The relationship of time spent on social media (using questionnaires [n = 8987] and time-use-diaries [n = 2520]) with cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use was estimated using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) or relative risk ratios (ARRRs). Effect modification was examined (using parental education as an indicator for socioeconomic circumstances) by comparing adjusted risk differences within low and high-parental education groups. Analyses accounted for prespecified confounders (identified via directed acyclic graphs), baseline outcome measures (to address reverse causality), sample design, attrition, and item-missingness (through multiple imputation).
Time spent on social media was associated with increased risk of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use in a dose-response manner. Social media use for ≥2 hours/day (vs. 1- |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/ntr/ntae057 |
| format | Article |
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The relationship of time spent on social media (using questionnaires [n = 8987] and time-use-diaries [n = 2520]) with cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use was estimated using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) or relative risk ratios (ARRRs). Effect modification was examined (using parental education as an indicator for socioeconomic circumstances) by comparing adjusted risk differences within low and high-parental education groups. Analyses accounted for prespecified confounders (identified via directed acyclic graphs), baseline outcome measures (to address reverse causality), sample design, attrition, and item-missingness (through multiple imputation).
Time spent on social media was associated with increased risk of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use in a dose-response manner. Social media use for ≥2 hours/day (vs. 1-<30 minutes) was associated with increased cigarette (AOR 2.76 [95% confidence interval 2.19 to 3.48]), e-cigarette (3.24 [2.59 to 4.05]), and dual use (ARRR 4.11 [2.77 to 6.08]). The risk of cigarette use among 30 minutes-<1 hour/day users (vs. non-users) were smaller in those with high versus low parental education (ARDs 1.4% vs. 12.4%). Similar findings were observed across the higher time categories. Analyses using time-use-diaries, in complete case samples, and with additional adjustment for baseline outcome measures generally revealed similar findings.
After accounting for observed confounders and potential reverse causality, findings suggest social media use increases the risk of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use in a dose-response manner. Guidance addressing adolescent online safety should be prioritized.
This study's identification of a dose-response relationship and differential effects across socioeconomic groups, could assist in the development of guidance on time spent on social media. The adverse effects of social media use on adolescent cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use supports legislation aimed at promoting adolescent online safety. Study findings strengthen calls to prohibit social media marketing of nicotine-related products and importantly highlight the need to increase awareness and understanding of the underlying algorithms which drive adolescent exposure to nicotine-related content on social media to ensure they are functioning in a way that best serves the adolescent population.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1469-994X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-994X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntae057</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38569613</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England</publisher><ispartof>Nicotine & tobacco research, 2024-04</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c256t-2371aa99a349d03dc85a02f45120cb7d6f6d699584fd030613157299c255f2063</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c256t-2371aa99a349d03dc85a02f45120cb7d6f6d699584fd030613157299c255f2063</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2214-6804 ; 0000-0001-6593-9092 ; 0000-0003-0085-5263</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38569613$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Purba, Amrit Kaur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Henderson, Marion</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baxter, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pearce, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Katikireddi, S Vittal</creatorcontrib><title>The Relationship Between Time Spent on Social Media and Adolescent Cigarette, E-cigarette, and Dual Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study</title><title>Nicotine & tobacco research</title><addtitle>Nicotine Tob Res</addtitle><description>To estimate the effect of social media use in 14 year olds on risk of and inequalities in cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use at 17 years, using the UK-representative Millennium Cohort Study (born 2000-2002).
The relationship of time spent on social media (using questionnaires [n = 8987] and time-use-diaries [n = 2520]) with cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use was estimated using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) or relative risk ratios (ARRRs). Effect modification was examined (using parental education as an indicator for socioeconomic circumstances) by comparing adjusted risk differences within low and high-parental education groups. Analyses accounted for prespecified confounders (identified via directed acyclic graphs), baseline outcome measures (to address reverse causality), sample design, attrition, and item-missingness (through multiple imputation).
Time spent on social media was associated with increased risk of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use in a dose-response manner. Social media use for ≥2 hours/day (vs. 1-<30 minutes) was associated with increased cigarette (AOR 2.76 [95% confidence interval 2.19 to 3.48]), e-cigarette (3.24 [2.59 to 4.05]), and dual use (ARRR 4.11 [2.77 to 6.08]). The risk of cigarette use among 30 minutes-<1 hour/day users (vs. non-users) were smaller in those with high versus low parental education (ARDs 1.4% vs. 12.4%). Similar findings were observed across the higher time categories. Analyses using time-use-diaries, in complete case samples, and with additional adjustment for baseline outcome measures generally revealed similar findings.
After accounting for observed confounders and potential reverse causality, findings suggest social media use increases the risk of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use in a dose-response manner. Guidance addressing adolescent online safety should be prioritized.
This study's identification of a dose-response relationship and differential effects across socioeconomic groups, could assist in the development of guidance on time spent on social media. The adverse effects of social media use on adolescent cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use supports legislation aimed at promoting adolescent online safety. Study findings strengthen calls to prohibit social media marketing of nicotine-related products and importantly highlight the need to increase awareness and understanding of the underlying algorithms which drive adolescent exposure to nicotine-related content on social media to ensure they are functioning in a way that best serves the adolescent population.</description><issn>1469-994X</issn><issn>1469-994X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpNkVFP2zAQxy0Eol3ZE-_oHidtGXacuDFvXcc2RBHS2kq8RW58aY0Su4sdTf06fFJctWM8nO_s-_1PPv0JuWT0K6OSX9vQxVBI8_EJGbJMyETK7On0XT0gH7x_pjRlrGDnZMCLXEjB-JC8LDYIv7FRwTjrN2YL3zD8RbSwMC3CfIs2gLMwd5VRDTygNgqU1TDRrkFf7dtTs1YdhoBf4Dap_l_22Pc-qpYeb2ACM2fXJvTa2Pg2icfOGw-uhhD_sLyHB9M0aK3pW5i6jesCzCO9uyBntWo8fjzmEVn-uF1MfyWzx59308ksqdJchCTlY6aUlIpnUlOuqyJXNK2znKW0Wo21qIUWUuZFVsc2jduzfJxKGdV5nVLBR-TTYe62c3969KFsTVywaZRF1_uSU84plUIUEf18QKvOed9hXW4706puVzJa7k0poynl0ZRIXx0H96sW9Rv7zwX-Cu-6iUM</recordid><startdate>20240404</startdate><enddate>20240404</enddate><creator>Purba, Amrit Kaur</creator><creator>Henderson, Marion</creator><creator>Baxter, Andrew</creator><creator>Pearce, Anna</creator><creator>Katikireddi, S Vittal</creator><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-6804</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6593-9092</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0085-5263</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240404</creationdate><title>The Relationship Between Time Spent on Social Media and Adolescent Cigarette, E-cigarette, and Dual Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study</title><author>Purba, Amrit Kaur ; Henderson, Marion ; Baxter, Andrew ; Pearce, Anna ; Katikireddi, S Vittal</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c256t-2371aa99a349d03dc85a02f45120cb7d6f6d699584fd030613157299c255f2063</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Purba, Amrit Kaur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Henderson, Marion</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baxter, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pearce, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Katikireddi, S Vittal</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Nicotine & tobacco research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Purba, Amrit Kaur</au><au>Henderson, Marion</au><au>Baxter, Andrew</au><au>Pearce, Anna</au><au>Katikireddi, S Vittal</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Relationship Between Time Spent on Social Media and Adolescent Cigarette, E-cigarette, and Dual Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study</atitle><jtitle>Nicotine & tobacco research</jtitle><addtitle>Nicotine Tob Res</addtitle><date>2024-04-04</date><risdate>2024</risdate><issn>1469-994X</issn><eissn>1469-994X</eissn><abstract>To estimate the effect of social media use in 14 year olds on risk of and inequalities in cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use at 17 years, using the UK-representative Millennium Cohort Study (born 2000-2002).
The relationship of time spent on social media (using questionnaires [n = 8987] and time-use-diaries [n = 2520]) with cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use was estimated using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) or relative risk ratios (ARRRs). Effect modification was examined (using parental education as an indicator for socioeconomic circumstances) by comparing adjusted risk differences within low and high-parental education groups. Analyses accounted for prespecified confounders (identified via directed acyclic graphs), baseline outcome measures (to address reverse causality), sample design, attrition, and item-missingness (through multiple imputation).
Time spent on social media was associated with increased risk of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use in a dose-response manner. Social media use for ≥2 hours/day (vs. 1-<30 minutes) was associated with increased cigarette (AOR 2.76 [95% confidence interval 2.19 to 3.48]), e-cigarette (3.24 [2.59 to 4.05]), and dual use (ARRR 4.11 [2.77 to 6.08]). The risk of cigarette use among 30 minutes-<1 hour/day users (vs. non-users) were smaller in those with high versus low parental education (ARDs 1.4% vs. 12.4%). Similar findings were observed across the higher time categories. Analyses using time-use-diaries, in complete case samples, and with additional adjustment for baseline outcome measures generally revealed similar findings.
After accounting for observed confounders and potential reverse causality, findings suggest social media use increases the risk of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use in a dose-response manner. Guidance addressing adolescent online safety should be prioritized.
This study's identification of a dose-response relationship and differential effects across socioeconomic groups, could assist in the development of guidance on time spent on social media. The adverse effects of social media use on adolescent cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use supports legislation aimed at promoting adolescent online safety. Study findings strengthen calls to prohibit social media marketing of nicotine-related products and importantly highlight the need to increase awareness and understanding of the underlying algorithms which drive adolescent exposure to nicotine-related content on social media to ensure they are functioning in a way that best serves the adolescent population.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pmid>38569613</pmid><doi>10.1093/ntr/ntae057</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-6804</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6593-9092</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0085-5263</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| title | The Relationship Between Time Spent on Social Media and Adolescent Cigarette, E-cigarette, and Dual Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study |
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