Scabies in infants and children – a narrative review
Scabies is a human ectoparasitosis caused by Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis. World-wide around 300 million patients are affected. Infants and children have the highest incidence rates. Poverty and overcrowding are social factors contributing to a higher risk of transmission and treatment failure. The...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of pediatrics 2024-06, Vol.183 (6), p.2527-2536 |
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| container_title | European journal of pediatrics |
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| creator | Chiriac, Anca Diaconeasa, Adriana Miulescu, Raluca Chiriac, Anca E. Wollina, Uwe |
| description | Scabies is a human ectoparasitosis caused by Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis. World-wide around 300 million patients are affected. Infants and children have the highest incidence rates. Poverty and overcrowding are social factors contributing to a higher risk of transmission and treatment failure. The leading symptom of the infestation is itch. Complications are bacterial infections that are responsible for mortality. Diagnosis is clinical. Non-invasive imaging technologies like dermoscopy can be used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is less sensitive and specific than microscopy of skin scrapings. Treatment of choice is topical permethrin 5%. Ivermectin is the only oral drug FDA-approved for scabies. It should be used in cases non-responsive to topical therapy and in case of high number of infested patients in addition to topical therapy. Pseudo-resistance to treatment is not uncommon. New drugs are on the horizon.
What is Known:
• Pruritus is the leading symptom causing sleep disturbances and scratching with the risk of secondary bacterial infections.
• Treatment failure is related to inappropriate application of topical drugs and asymptomatic family members.
What is New:
• COVID-19 pandemic and migration are contributing to an increased incidence of scabies.
• New compounds to treat scabies are on the horizon. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00431-024-05535-1 |
| format | Article |
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What is Known:
• Pruritus is the leading symptom causing sleep disturbances and scratching with the risk of secondary bacterial infections.
• Treatment failure is related to inappropriate application of topical drugs and asymptomatic family members.
What is New:
• COVID-19 pandemic and migration are contributing to an increased incidence of scabies.
• New compounds to treat scabies are on the horizon.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1432-1076</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0340-6199</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1076</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05535-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38536458</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Antiparasitic Agents - therapeutic use ; Bacterial infections ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - complications ; COVID-19 - diagnosis ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infants ; Insecticides - therapeutic use ; Ivermectin ; Ivermectin - therapeutic use ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Oral administration ; Parasitic diseases ; Patients ; Pediatrics ; Permethrin ; Permethrin - therapeutic use ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Pruritus ; Review ; Scabies ; Scabies - diagnosis ; Scabies - drug therapy ; Social factors</subject><ispartof>European journal of pediatrics, 2024-06, Vol.183 (6), p.2527-2536</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. corrected publication 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c326t-8c8b817234be6118516e8f9c393fc5ad5188445fd63e2e829a1d8dee3f03b9f53</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0989-4931 ; 0000-0002-1545-5759 ; 0000-0001-5933-2913</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00431-024-05535-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00431-024-05535-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38536458$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chiriac, Anca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaconeasa, Adriana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miulescu, Raluca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiriac, Anca E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wollina, Uwe</creatorcontrib><title>Scabies in infants and children – a narrative review</title><title>European journal of pediatrics</title><addtitle>Eur J Pediatr</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Pediatr</addtitle><description>Scabies is a human ectoparasitosis caused by Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis. World-wide around 300 million patients are affected. Infants and children have the highest incidence rates. Poverty and overcrowding are social factors contributing to a higher risk of transmission and treatment failure. The leading symptom of the infestation is itch. Complications are bacterial infections that are responsible for mortality. Diagnosis is clinical. Non-invasive imaging technologies like dermoscopy can be used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is less sensitive and specific than microscopy of skin scrapings. Treatment of choice is topical permethrin 5%. Ivermectin is the only oral drug FDA-approved for scabies. It should be used in cases non-responsive to topical therapy and in case of high number of infested patients in addition to topical therapy. Pseudo-resistance to treatment is not uncommon. New drugs are on the horizon.
What is Known:
• Pruritus is the leading symptom causing sleep disturbances and scratching with the risk of secondary bacterial infections.
• Treatment failure is related to inappropriate application of topical drugs and asymptomatic family members.
What is New:
• COVID-19 pandemic and migration are contributing to an increased incidence of scabies.
• New compounds to treat scabies are on the horizon.</description><subject>Antiparasitic Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Bacterial infections</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - complications</subject><subject>COVID-19 - diagnosis</subject><subject>COVID-19 - epidemiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infants</subject><subject>Insecticides - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Ivermectin</subject><subject>Ivermectin - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Oral administration</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Permethrin</subject><subject>Permethrin - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Pruritus</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Scabies</subject><subject>Scabies - diagnosis</subject><subject>Scabies - drug therapy</subject><subject>Social factors</subject><issn>1432-1076</issn><issn>0340-6199</issn><issn>1432-1076</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMtKxDAUhoMozjj6Ai6k4MZN9Zwm6aRLGbzBgAt1HdL2RDt0OmPSjrjzHXxDn8RoxwsuhMAJnO__Ez7G9hGOEWB84gEExxgSEYOUXMa4wYYoeBIjjNPNX_cB2_F-BiGUodpmA64kT4VUQ5beFCavyEdVE441Tesj05RR8VDVpaMment5jUzUGOdMW60ocrSq6GmXbVlTe9pbzxG7Oz-7nVzG0-uLq8npNC54kraxKlSucJxwkVOKqCSmpGxW8IzbQppSolJCSFumnBJSSWawVCURt8DzzEo-Ykd979ItHjvyrZ5XvqC6Ng0tOq85oADIMoSAHv5BZ4vONeF3gZIyTRRgFqikpwq38N6R1UtXzY171gj6w6rurepgVX9a1RhCB-vqLp9T-R350hgA3gM-rJp7cj9v_1P7Ds9UgIk</recordid><startdate>20240601</startdate><enddate>20240601</enddate><creator>Chiriac, Anca</creator><creator>Diaconeasa, Adriana</creator><creator>Miulescu, Raluca</creator><creator>Chiriac, Anca E.</creator><creator>Wollina, Uwe</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0989-4931</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1545-5759</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5933-2913</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240601</creationdate><title>Scabies in infants and children – a narrative review</title><author>Chiriac, Anca ; Diaconeasa, Adriana ; Miulescu, Raluca ; Chiriac, Anca E. ; Wollina, Uwe</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c326t-8c8b817234be6118516e8f9c393fc5ad5188445fd63e2e829a1d8dee3f03b9f53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Antiparasitic Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Bacterial infections</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - complications</topic><topic>COVID-19 - diagnosis</topic><topic>COVID-19 - epidemiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infants</topic><topic>Insecticides - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Ivermectin</topic><topic>Ivermectin - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Oral administration</topic><topic>Parasitic diseases</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Permethrin</topic><topic>Permethrin - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>Pruritus</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Scabies</topic><topic>Scabies - diagnosis</topic><topic>Scabies - drug therapy</topic><topic>Social factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chiriac, Anca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaconeasa, Adriana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miulescu, Raluca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiriac, Anca E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wollina, Uwe</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>European journal of pediatrics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chiriac, Anca</au><au>Diaconeasa, Adriana</au><au>Miulescu, Raluca</au><au>Chiriac, Anca E.</au><au>Wollina, Uwe</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Scabies in infants and children – a narrative review</atitle><jtitle>European journal of pediatrics</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Pediatr</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Pediatr</addtitle><date>2024-06-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>183</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>2527</spage><epage>2536</epage><pages>2527-2536</pages><issn>1432-1076</issn><issn>0340-6199</issn><eissn>1432-1076</eissn><abstract>Scabies is a human ectoparasitosis caused by Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis. World-wide around 300 million patients are affected. Infants and children have the highest incidence rates. Poverty and overcrowding are social factors contributing to a higher risk of transmission and treatment failure. The leading symptom of the infestation is itch. Complications are bacterial infections that are responsible for mortality. Diagnosis is clinical. Non-invasive imaging technologies like dermoscopy can be used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is less sensitive and specific than microscopy of skin scrapings. Treatment of choice is topical permethrin 5%. Ivermectin is the only oral drug FDA-approved for scabies. It should be used in cases non-responsive to topical therapy and in case of high number of infested patients in addition to topical therapy. Pseudo-resistance to treatment is not uncommon. New drugs are on the horizon.
What is Known:
• Pruritus is the leading symptom causing sleep disturbances and scratching with the risk of secondary bacterial infections.
• Treatment failure is related to inappropriate application of topical drugs and asymptomatic family members.
What is New:
• COVID-19 pandemic and migration are contributing to an increased incidence of scabies.
• New compounds to treat scabies are on the horizon.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>38536458</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00431-024-05535-1</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0989-4931</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1545-5759</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5933-2913</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Antiparasitic Agents - therapeutic use Bacterial infections Child Child, Preschool COVID-19 COVID-19 - complications COVID-19 - diagnosis COVID-19 - epidemiology Humans Infant Infants Insecticides - therapeutic use Ivermectin Ivermectin - therapeutic use Medicine Medicine & Public Health Oral administration Parasitic diseases Patients Pediatrics Permethrin Permethrin - therapeutic use Polymerase chain reaction Pruritus Review Scabies Scabies - diagnosis Scabies - drug therapy Social factors |
| title | Scabies in infants and children – a narrative review |
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