Optimising water and phosphorus management in the urban environmental sanitation system of Hanoi, Vietnam
Many areas in the world face clean water scarcity problems and phosphorus reserves are likely to be depleted in the near future. Still, a large amount of clean water is used to transport excreta through sewer systems. Most of the wastewater generated worldwide is discharged untreated into aquatic sy...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Science of the total environment 2007-10, Vol.384 (1), p.55-66 |
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| container_title | The Science of the total environment |
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| creator | Montangero, Agnès Cau, Le Ngoc Anh, Nguyen Viet Tuan, Vu Dinh Nga, Pham Thuy Belevi, Hasan |
| description | Many areas in the world face clean water scarcity problems and phosphorus reserves are likely to be depleted in the near future. Still, a large amount of clean water is used to transport excreta through sewer systems. Most of the wastewater generated worldwide is discharged untreated into aquatic systems and leads to water pollution and loss of valuable nutrients. In Hanoi, Vietnam's capital city, high population and economic growth as well as industrialisation have led to a decrease in groundwater level and to serious river and lake pollution. A probabilistic model, simulating the impact of measures on groundwater abstraction and nutrient recovery, was used to determine the impact of policy changes in Hanoi. The results obtained reveal that harmonising environmental sanitation and agricultural systems with one another will considerably increase nutrient recovery for food production, lower expenditure for artificial fertilisers and reduce the nutrient load into the environment. The model can be applied in urban areas of developing countries to assist in the design of environmental sanitation concepts. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.05.032 |
| format | Article |
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| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0048-9697 |
| ispartof | The Science of the total environment, 2007-10, Vol.384 (1), p.55-66 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Developing countries Environmental sanitation Fresh Water - chemistry Hanoi Material flow analysis Models, Theoretical Nutrient recovery Phosphorus Phosphorus - chemistry Sanitary Engineering - legislation & jurisprudence Sanitary Engineering - methods Urbanization Vietnam Water Pollutants, Chemical Water Purification - legislation & jurisprudence Water Purification - methods |
| title | Optimising water and phosphorus management in the urban environmental sanitation system of Hanoi, Vietnam |
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