Distribution of volatile liquid hydrocarbons in the vicinity of power/desalination plants in Kuwait
Volatile liquid hydrocarbons (VLHs) represent some 40% of crude oil and are considered to be the most toxic compounds of petroleum other than the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The distribution of these compounds in Kuwait's coastal waters in the vicinity and at the inlets of po...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water science and technology 1999, Vol.40 (7), p.99-107 |
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| creator | Saeed, Talat Khordagui, Hosny Al-Bloushi, Amal |
| description | Volatile liquid hydrocarbons (VLHs) represent some 40% of crude oil and are considered to be the most toxic compounds of petroleum other than the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The distribution of these compounds in Kuwait's coastal waters in the vicinity and at the inlets of power plants was assessed. About 200 samples were collected from selected sampling stations over the four seasons. The VLHs in the samples were concentrated using Grab's closed-loop technique and analyzed by GC using FID and confirmed by GC/MS. The results showed that VLHs were ubiquitous in the coastal water of Kuwait. The detected levels (ranged from 307 to 7882 ng/l in Kuwait Bay and from 331 to 5017 ng/l in the south) were comparable to the levels found in other parts of the world and were not alarming. However, the spotty higher levels encountered gave reason for some concern. Benzenoids (originating from petroleum) predominated, representing roughly 70% of the total VLHs. The levels were relatively low at the intake of the power plant located in the Kuwait Bay (annual average 677 ng/1) while higher levels (annual average 3006 ng/l) were encountered at the intake of the plant located at the south of oil the loading terminals and refineries. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0273-1223(99)00588-0 |
| format | Article |
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The distribution of these compounds in Kuwait's coastal waters in the vicinity and at the inlets of power plants was assessed. About 200 samples were collected from selected sampling stations over the four seasons. The VLHs in the samples were concentrated using Grab's closed-loop technique and analyzed by GC using FID and confirmed by GC/MS. The results showed that VLHs were ubiquitous in the coastal water of Kuwait. The detected levels (ranged from 307 to 7882 ng/l in Kuwait Bay and from 331 to 5017 ng/l in the south) were comparable to the levels found in other parts of the world and were not alarming. However, the spotty higher levels encountered gave reason for some concern. Benzenoids (originating from petroleum) predominated, representing roughly 70% of the total VLHs. The levels were relatively low at the intake of the power plant located in the Kuwait Bay (annual average 677 ng/1) while higher levels (annual average 3006 ng/l) were encountered at the intake of the plant located at the south of oil the loading terminals and refineries.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0273-1223</identifier><identifier>ISBN: 9780080436661</identifier><identifier>ISBN: 0080436668</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-9732</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0273-1223(99)00588-0</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WSTED4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Applied sciences ; Arabian Gulf ; Aromatic compounds ; Aromatic hydrocarbons ; Benzenoids ; Carcinogens ; Coastal environments ; Coastal waters ; Crude oil ; Desalination ; Desalination plants ; Distribution ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Electric power generation ; Electric power plants ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Exact sciences and technology ; Hydrocarbons ; Inlets ; Inlets (topography) ; Inlets (waterways) ; Kuwait ; Natural water pollution ; Oil refineries ; Petroleum ; Petroleum hydrocarbons ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Power plants ; power/desalination plants ; Refineries ; Seawaters, estuaries ; VLH levels ; Volatile hydrocarbons ; Water desalting ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Water science and technology, 1999, Vol.40 (7), p.99-107</ispartof><rights>1999 International Association on Water Quality</rights><rights>2000 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing Oct 1999</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-4b0437972451daabb81ee1be3d05bbc28f89c125d634bda46fe0f373d310f6be3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>309,310,314,776,780,785,786,4010,4036,4037,27900,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1172698$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Hamoda, MF</contributor><contributor>Al-Muzaini, S</contributor><contributor>Henze, M (eds)</contributor><creatorcontrib>Saeed, Talat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khordagui, Hosny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Bloushi, Amal</creatorcontrib><title>Distribution of volatile liquid hydrocarbons in the vicinity of power/desalination plants in Kuwait</title><title>Water science and technology</title><description>Volatile liquid hydrocarbons (VLHs) represent some 40% of crude oil and are considered to be the most toxic compounds of petroleum other than the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The distribution of these compounds in Kuwait's coastal waters in the vicinity and at the inlets of power plants was assessed. About 200 samples were collected from selected sampling stations over the four seasons. The VLHs in the samples were concentrated using Grab's closed-loop technique and analyzed by GC using FID and confirmed by GC/MS. The results showed that VLHs were ubiquitous in the coastal water of Kuwait. The detected levels (ranged from 307 to 7882 ng/l in Kuwait Bay and from 331 to 5017 ng/l in the south) were comparable to the levels found in other parts of the world and were not alarming. However, the spotty higher levels encountered gave reason for some concern. Benzenoids (originating from petroleum) predominated, representing roughly 70% of the total VLHs. The levels were relatively low at the intake of the power plant located in the Kuwait Bay (annual average 677 ng/1) while higher levels (annual average 3006 ng/l) were encountered at the intake of the plant located at the south of oil the loading terminals and refineries.</description><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Arabian Gulf</subject><subject>Aromatic compounds</subject><subject>Aromatic hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Benzenoids</subject><subject>Carcinogens</subject><subject>Coastal environments</subject><subject>Coastal waters</subject><subject>Crude oil</subject><subject>Desalination</subject><subject>Desalination plants</subject><subject>Distribution</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Electric power generation</subject><subject>Electric power plants</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Inlets</subject><subject>Inlets (topography)</subject><subject>Inlets (waterways)</subject><subject>Kuwait</subject><subject>Natural water pollution</subject><subject>Oil refineries</subject><subject>Petroleum</subject><subject>Petroleum hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Power plants</subject><subject>power/desalination plants</subject><subject>Refineries</subject><subject>Seawaters, estuaries</subject><subject>VLH levels</subject><subject>Volatile hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Water desalting</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0273-1223</issn><issn>1996-9732</issn><isbn>9780080436661</isbn><isbn>0080436668</isbn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0klr3DAUAGDRBTpN8xMKhpbSHpw8LdZyCiVdUhLooe1ZaDNRcKyJJE-Yf197JrSQy-Sky_ee3obQWwwnGDA__QVE0BYTQj8q9Qmgk7KFZ2iFleKtEpQ8R8dKSAAJjHLO8Qu0-hfyCr0u5QYABGWwQu5LLDVHO9WYxib1zSYNpsYhNEO8m6Jvrrc-J2eyTWNp4tjU69BsootjrNvFr9N9yKc-FDPE0eyyrAcz1h2-nO5NrG_Qy94MJRw_vEfoz7evv88v2quf33-cf75qHaOstszO5QolCOuwN8ZaiUPANlAPnbWOyF4qh0nnOWXWG8b7AD0V1FMMPZ_dEfqwz7vO6W4KperbWFwY5nJCmoominOmGH0CJJh1Cg5CLLhUVPAnQMY4AD4MWUc4lgt89wjepCmP8_w0XnrgTHaL6vbK5VRKDr1e53hr8lZj0Mux6N2x6GXzWim9Oxa9NPb-Ibspzgx9NqOL5X8wFoQrObOzPQvz2jYxZF1cDKMLPubgqvYpHvjoL0bB0Ik</recordid><startdate>1999</startdate><enddate>1999</enddate><creator>Saeed, Talat</creator><creator>Khordagui, Hosny</creator><creator>Al-Bloushi, Amal</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Pergamon Press</general><general>IWA Publishing</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>1999</creationdate><title>Distribution of volatile liquid hydrocarbons in the vicinity of power/desalination plants in Kuwait</title><author>Saeed, Talat ; Khordagui, Hosny ; Al-Bloushi, Amal</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-4b0437972451daabb81ee1be3d05bbc28f89c125d634bda46fe0f373d310f6be3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Arabian Gulf</topic><topic>Aromatic compounds</topic><topic>Aromatic hydrocarbons</topic><topic>Benzenoids</topic><topic>Carcinogens</topic><topic>Coastal environments</topic><topic>Coastal waters</topic><topic>Crude oil</topic><topic>Desalination</topic><topic>Desalination plants</topic><topic>Distribution</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Electric power generation</topic><topic>Electric power plants</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. 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The distribution of these compounds in Kuwait's coastal waters in the vicinity and at the inlets of power plants was assessed. About 200 samples were collected from selected sampling stations over the four seasons. The VLHs in the samples were concentrated using Grab's closed-loop technique and analyzed by GC using FID and confirmed by GC/MS. The results showed that VLHs were ubiquitous in the coastal water of Kuwait. The detected levels (ranged from 307 to 7882 ng/l in Kuwait Bay and from 331 to 5017 ng/l in the south) were comparable to the levels found in other parts of the world and were not alarming. However, the spotty higher levels encountered gave reason for some concern. Benzenoids (originating from petroleum) predominated, representing roughly 70% of the total VLHs. The levels were relatively low at the intake of the power plant located in the Kuwait Bay (annual average 677 ng/1) while higher levels (annual average 3006 ng/l) were encountered at the intake of the plant located at the south of oil the loading terminals and refineries.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/S0273-1223(99)00588-0</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0273-1223 |
| ispartof | Water science and technology, 1999, Vol.40 (7), p.99-107 |
| issn | 0273-1223 1996-9732 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Applied sciences Arabian Gulf Aromatic compounds Aromatic hydrocarbons Benzenoids Carcinogens Coastal environments Coastal waters Crude oil Desalination Desalination plants Distribution Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Electric power generation Electric power plants Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Exact sciences and technology Hydrocarbons Inlets Inlets (topography) Inlets (waterways) Kuwait Natural water pollution Oil refineries Petroleum Petroleum hydrocarbons Pollution Pollution, environment geology Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Power plants power/desalination plants Refineries Seawaters, estuaries VLH levels Volatile hydrocarbons Water desalting Water treatment and pollution |
| title | Distribution of volatile liquid hydrocarbons in the vicinity of power/desalination plants in Kuwait |
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