Chemical composition of precipitation in a forest area of Chongqing, southwest China
Ten-day composite samples of precipitation, throughfall and stemflow from a Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) forest, were collected between June 1991 and May 1992 from the remote Jinyun and Simian mountains and from the industrial area of Chongqing. Samples were analysed for ammonium, calcium chloride...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 1996, Vol.90 (3/4), p.407-415 |
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| container_title | Water, air, and soil pollution |
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| creator | Zhang, F.H Zhang, J.Y Zhang, H.R Ogura, N Ushikubo, A |
| description | Ten-day composite samples of precipitation, throughfall and stemflow from a Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) forest, were collected between June 1991 and May 1992 from the remote Jinyun and Simian mountains and from the industrial area of Chongqing. Samples were analysed for ammonium, calcium chloride, magnesium, nitrate, potassium, sodium sulphate and pH. Seasonal average ion concentrations are presented for ammonium, calcium and sulphate. The annual mean pH of throughfall, stemflow and precipitation were 4.47, 3.82 and 2.92, respectively. The annual ion deposition was 50.6, 69.7 and 0.215 g per m2, respectively. The pH varied seasonally and was minimal in winter. Ammonium and calcium contributed 80 per cent of the total cations and sulphate 90 per cent of total anions. High sulphate concentrations in rainwater in Chongqing were attributed to the burning of locally produced coal containing 3 to 5 per cent sulphur. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/bf00282658 |
| format | Article |
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Samples were analysed for ammonium, calcium chloride, magnesium, nitrate, potassium, sodium sulphate and pH. Seasonal average ion concentrations are presented for ammonium, calcium and sulphate. The annual mean pH of throughfall, stemflow and precipitation were 4.47, 3.82 and 2.92, respectively. The annual ion deposition was 50.6, 69.7 and 0.215 g per m2, respectively. The pH varied seasonally and was minimal in winter. Ammonium and calcium contributed 80 per cent of the total cations and sulphate 90 per cent of total anions. High sulphate concentrations in rainwater in Chongqing were attributed to the burning of locally produced coal containing 3 to 5 per cent sulphur.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0049-6979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2932</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/bf00282658</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WAPLAC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer</publisher><subject>acid deposition ; Acid rain ; acidity ; air pollution ; ammonium compounds ; anions ; Applied sciences ; calcium ; cations ; coniferous forests ; Environmental impact ; Exact sciences and technology ; geographical variation ; Industrial emissions ; inorganic ions ; mountains ; Natural water pollution ; Pinus massoniana ; Pollution ; Q1 ; Rainwaters, run off water and others ; seasonal variation ; stemflow ; sulfates ; throughfall ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Water, air, and soil pollution, 1996, Vol.90 (3/4), p.407-415</ispartof><rights>1996 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c503t-1ff35f69fb561325e655f15f8b586a127d775d32330053ba3a2d61a550c547bf3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,4009,27902,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3174291$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, F.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, J.Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, H.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogura, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ushikubo, A</creatorcontrib><title>Chemical composition of precipitation in a forest area of Chongqing, southwest China</title><title>Water, air, and soil pollution</title><description>Ten-day composite samples of precipitation, throughfall and stemflow from a Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) forest, were collected between June 1991 and May 1992 from the remote Jinyun and Simian mountains and from the industrial area of Chongqing. Samples were analysed for ammonium, calcium chloride, magnesium, nitrate, potassium, sodium sulphate and pH. Seasonal average ion concentrations are presented for ammonium, calcium and sulphate. The annual mean pH of throughfall, stemflow and precipitation were 4.47, 3.82 and 2.92, respectively. The annual ion deposition was 50.6, 69.7 and 0.215 g per m2, respectively. The pH varied seasonally and was minimal in winter. Ammonium and calcium contributed 80 per cent of the total cations and sulphate 90 per cent of total anions. High sulphate concentrations in rainwater in Chongqing were attributed to the burning of locally produced coal containing 3 to 5 per cent sulphur.</description><subject>acid deposition</subject><subject>Acid rain</subject><subject>acidity</subject><subject>air pollution</subject><subject>ammonium compounds</subject><subject>anions</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>calcium</subject><subject>cations</subject><subject>coniferous forests</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>geographical variation</subject><subject>Industrial emissions</subject><subject>inorganic ions</subject><subject>mountains</subject><subject>Natural water pollution</subject><subject>Pinus massoniana</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Q1</subject><subject>Rainwaters, run off water and others</subject><subject>seasonal variation</subject><subject>stemflow</subject><subject>sulfates</subject><subject>throughfall</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0049-6979</issn><issn>1573-2932</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1996</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqN0cFO3DAQBmALFYktcOEFyKHiUDXUnsnY8ZFGpa2ExKFwjiZZe9fVbhzsrKq-fbNd6BV8sWR__kfWL8SFktdKSvO581JCDZrqI7FQZLAEi_BOLKSsbKmtsSfifc6_5LxsbRbioVm7beh5U_RxO8YcphCHIvpiTK4PY5j430EYCi58TC5PBSfHe9Gs47B6CsPqU5Hjblr_3l826zDwmTj2vMnu_Hk_FY-3Xx-a7-Xd_bcfzc1d2ZPEqVTeI3ltfUdaIZDTRF6RrzuqNSswS2NoiYAoJWHHyLDUiolkT5XpPJ6Kq0PumOLTbh7fbkPu3WbDg4u73ILVFYDWr0JVK1JSweuQTGVByzfB-VdvgKgRCdQMPx5gn2LOyfl2TGHL6U-rZLsvt_1y-1LujD88p3Key_OJhz7k_y9QmQrsPvPywDzHlldpJo8_QSqcc4ypAfAvoCSqZg</recordid><startdate>1996</startdate><enddate>1996</enddate><creator>Zhang, F.H</creator><creator>Zhang, J.Y</creator><creator>Zhang, H.R</creator><creator>Ogura, N</creator><creator>Ushikubo, A</creator><general>Springer</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope></search><sort><creationdate>1996</creationdate><title>Chemical composition of precipitation in a forest area of Chongqing, southwest China</title><author>Zhang, F.H ; Zhang, J.Y ; Zhang, H.R ; Ogura, N ; Ushikubo, A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c503t-1ff35f69fb561325e655f15f8b586a127d775d32330053ba3a2d61a550c547bf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1996</creationdate><topic>acid deposition</topic><topic>Acid rain</topic><topic>acidity</topic><topic>air pollution</topic><topic>ammonium compounds</topic><topic>anions</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>calcium</topic><topic>cations</topic><topic>coniferous forests</topic><topic>Environmental impact</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>geographical variation</topic><topic>Industrial emissions</topic><topic>inorganic ions</topic><topic>mountains</topic><topic>Natural water pollution</topic><topic>Pinus massoniana</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Q1</topic><topic>Rainwaters, run off water and others</topic><topic>seasonal variation</topic><topic>stemflow</topic><topic>sulfates</topic><topic>throughfall</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, F.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, J.Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, H.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogura, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ushikubo, A</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><jtitle>Water, air, and soil pollution</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, F.H</au><au>Zhang, J.Y</au><au>Zhang, H.R</au><au>Ogura, N</au><au>Ushikubo, A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chemical composition of precipitation in a forest area of Chongqing, southwest China</atitle><jtitle>Water, air, and soil pollution</jtitle><date>1996</date><risdate>1996</risdate><volume>90</volume><issue>3/4</issue><spage>407</spage><epage>415</epage><pages>407-415</pages><issn>0049-6979</issn><eissn>1573-2932</eissn><coden>WAPLAC</coden><abstract>Ten-day composite samples of precipitation, throughfall and stemflow from a Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) forest, were collected between June 1991 and May 1992 from the remote Jinyun and Simian mountains and from the industrial area of Chongqing. Samples were analysed for ammonium, calcium chloride, magnesium, nitrate, potassium, sodium sulphate and pH. Seasonal average ion concentrations are presented for ammonium, calcium and sulphate. The annual mean pH of throughfall, stemflow and precipitation were 4.47, 3.82 and 2.92, respectively. The annual ion deposition was 50.6, 69.7 and 0.215 g per m2, respectively. The pH varied seasonally and was minimal in winter. Ammonium and calcium contributed 80 per cent of the total cations and sulphate 90 per cent of total anions. High sulphate concentrations in rainwater in Chongqing were attributed to the burning of locally produced coal containing 3 to 5 per cent sulphur.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer</pub><doi>10.1007/bf00282658</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Water, air, and soil pollution, 1996, Vol.90 (3/4), p.407-415 |
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| subjects | acid deposition Acid rain acidity air pollution ammonium compounds anions Applied sciences calcium cations coniferous forests Environmental impact Exact sciences and technology geographical variation Industrial emissions inorganic ions mountains Natural water pollution Pinus massoniana Pollution Q1 Rainwaters, run off water and others seasonal variation stemflow sulfates throughfall Water treatment and pollution |
| title | Chemical composition of precipitation in a forest area of Chongqing, southwest China |
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