Three‐dimensional computed tomography‐based resection process map for robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy: propensity score matching of a single‐center retrospective study

Background and Objectives We aimed to examine the effect of preoperative three‐dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT)‐based resection process map (RPM) imaging on the outcomes of robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 177 patients (RPM group, n = 92; non‐RPM group, n = 85) who underwent this surgery between November 2012 and April 2022. Patient‐specific contrast‐enhanced CT images were used to construct an RPM, a 3D representation of the kidney showing the planned tumor resection and a 5 mm safety margin. Outcome analyses were performed using propensity score matching. The primary endpoint was the trifecta achievement rate. Results We extracted 90 cases. The trifecta achievement rate showed no significant differences between the RPM (73.3%) and non‐RPM groups (73.3%). However, the RPM group had fewer Grade 3 and higher complications (0.0% vs. 13.3%, p = 0.026). The da Vinci Xi (OR 3.38, p = 0.016) and tumor diameter (OR 0.95, p = 0.013) were independent factors affecting trifecta achievement in multivariate analysis. Using RPM imaging was associated with the absence of Grade 3 and higher perioperative complications (OR 5.33, p = 0.036) in univariate analysis. Conclusions Using preoperative 3D CT‐based RPM images before RAPN may not affect trifecta achievement, but may reduce serious complication occurrence by providing detailed information on tumor resection. Key points Although Plain three‐dimensional computed tomography (CT) images allow spatial recognition of the kidneys and arteries, they do not show the course of the ureters and the internal structure of the kidneys during the excretory phase. Resection process maps provide dynamic images based on patient‐specific CT data that provide extensive tumor‐related information. Using these maps may not affect trifecta achievement in robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy; nevertheless, they provide valuable information that may reduce the occurrence of serious complications.