Assessment of emissions and potential occupational exposure to carbon monoxide during biowaste composting

To date, only a few studies focused on the carbon monoxide (CO) production during waste composting; all targeted on CO inside piles. Here, the CO net emissions from compost piles and the assessment of worker's occupational risk of exposure to CO at large-scale composting plants are shown for th...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2024-03, Vol.19 (3), p.e0290206-e0290206
Hauptverfasser: Sobieraj, Karolina, Giez, Karolina, Koziel, Jacek A, Białowiec, Andrzej
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Giez, Karolina
Koziel, Jacek A
Białowiec, Andrzej
description To date, only a few studies focused on the carbon monoxide (CO) production during waste composting; all targeted on CO inside piles. Here, the CO net emissions from compost piles and the assessment of worker's occupational risk of exposure to CO at large-scale composting plants are shown for the first time. CO net emissions were measured at two plants processing green waste, sewage sludge, or undersize fraction of municipal solid waste. Effects of the location of piles (hermetised hall vs. open yard) and turning (before vs. after) were studied. Higher CO net emission rates were observed from piles located in a closed hall. The average CO flux before turning was 23.25 and 0.60 mg‧m-2‧h-1 for hermetised and open piles, respectively, while after- 69.38 and 5.11 mg‧m-2‧h-1. The maximum CO net emissions occurred after the compost was turned (1.7x to 13.7x higher than before turning). The top sections of hermetised piles had greater CO emissions compared to sides. Additionally, 5% of measurement points of hermetised piles switched to 'CO sinks'. The 1-h concentration in hermetised composting hall can reach max. ~50 mg CO∙m-3 before turning, and >115 mg CO∙m-3 after, exceeding the WHO thresholds for a 1-h and 15-min exposures, respectively.
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subjects Carbon monoxide
composts
Emissions (Pollution)
green waste
Health aspects
Management
municipal solid waste
occupational exposure
Occupational health and safety
risk
sewage sludge
title Assessment of emissions and potential occupational exposure to carbon monoxide during biowaste composting
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