Effect of volatile hydrocarbon fractions on mobility and earthworm uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soils and soil/lampblack mixtures
Studies were conducted to examine the mobility and bioavailability to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) of priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in a suite of 11 soils and soil/lampblack mixtures obtained from former manufactured‐gas plant sites. Contaminant mobility was assessed using...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2005-01, Vol.24 (1), p.181-189 |
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| creator | Bogan, Bill W. Beardsley, Kate E. Sullivan, Wendy R. Hayes, Thomas D. Soni, Bhupendra K. |
| description | Studies were conducted to examine the mobility and bioavailability to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) of priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in a suite of 11 soils and soil/lampblack mixtures obtained from former manufactured‐gas plant sites. Contaminant mobility was assessed using XAD4 resins encapsulated in dialysis tubing, which were exposed to slurried soils for 15 d. These experiments showed that mobility of PAH in the different soils strongly correlated to the levels of volatile hydrocarbons (namely, gasoline‐ and diesel‐range organics [GRO and DRO]) that existed in the soils as co‐contaminants. Actual PAH bioavailability (as measured by earthworm PAH concentrations) also appeared to depend on GRO + DRO levels, although this was most evident at high levels of these contaminants. These findings are discussed in view of the effects of diesel‐range organics on oil viscosity, assuming that the hydrocarbon contaminants in these soils exist in the form of distinct adsorbed oil phases. This study, therefore, extends correlations between carrier‐oil viscosity and dissolved solute bioavailability, previously observed in a number of other in vitro and whole‐organism tests (and in bacterial mutagenicity studies in soil), to multicellular organisms inhabiting contaminated‐soil systems. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1897/04-150R.1 |
| format | Article |
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Contaminant mobility was assessed using XAD4 resins encapsulated in dialysis tubing, which were exposed to slurried soils for 15 d. These experiments showed that mobility of PAH in the different soils strongly correlated to the levels of volatile hydrocarbons (namely, gasoline‐ and diesel‐range organics [GRO and DRO]) that existed in the soils as co‐contaminants. Actual PAH bioavailability (as measured by earthworm PAH concentrations) also appeared to depend on GRO + DRO levels, although this was most evident at high levels of these contaminants. These findings are discussed in view of the effects of diesel‐range organics on oil viscosity, assuming that the hydrocarbon contaminants in these soils exist in the form of distinct adsorbed oil phases. This study, therefore, extends correlations between carrier‐oil viscosity and dissolved solute bioavailability, previously observed in a number of other in vitro and whole‐organism tests (and in bacterial mutagenicity studies in soil), to multicellular organisms inhabiting contaminated‐soil systems.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0730-7268</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-8618</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1897/04-150R.1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15683182</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ETOCDK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Periodicals, Inc</publisher><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Applied ecology ; Bioavailability ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biological Availability ; Carbon - analysis ; Carbon - metabolism ; Carbon - toxicity ; Contaminants ; Dialysis ; Diesel-range hydrocarbons ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; Eisenia fetida ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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This study, therefore, extends correlations between carrier‐oil viscosity and dissolved solute bioavailability, previously observed in a number of other in vitro and whole‐organism tests (and in bacterial mutagenicity studies in soil), to multicellular organisms inhabiting contaminated‐soil systems.</description><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Bioavailability</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biological Availability</subject><subject>Carbon - analysis</subject><subject>Carbon - metabolism</subject><subject>Carbon - toxicity</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Dialysis</subject><subject>Diesel-range hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Eisenia fetida</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Chemistry</addtitle><date>2005-01</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>181</spage><epage>189</epage><pages>181-189</pages><issn>0730-7268</issn><eissn>1552-8618</eissn><coden>ETOCDK</coden><abstract>Studies were conducted to examine the mobility and bioavailability to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) of priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in a suite of 11 soils and soil/lampblack mixtures obtained from former manufactured‐gas plant sites. Contaminant mobility was assessed using XAD4 resins encapsulated in dialysis tubing, which were exposed to slurried soils for 15 d. These experiments showed that mobility of PAH in the different soils strongly correlated to the levels of volatile hydrocarbons (namely, gasoline‐ and diesel‐range organics [GRO and DRO]) that existed in the soils as co‐contaminants. Actual PAH bioavailability (as measured by earthworm PAH concentrations) also appeared to depend on GRO + DRO levels, although this was most evident at high levels of these contaminants. These findings are discussed in view of the effects of diesel‐range organics on oil viscosity, assuming that the hydrocarbon contaminants in these soils exist in the form of distinct adsorbed oil phases. This study, therefore, extends correlations between carrier‐oil viscosity and dissolved solute bioavailability, previously observed in a number of other in vitro and whole‐organism tests (and in bacterial mutagenicity studies in soil), to multicellular organisms inhabiting contaminated‐soil systems.</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Periodicals, Inc</pub><pmid>15683182</pmid><doi>10.1897/04-150R.1</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2005-01, Vol.24 (1), p.181-189 |
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| subjects | Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Applied ecology Bioavailability Biological and medical sciences Biological Availability Carbon - analysis Carbon - metabolism Carbon - toxicity Contaminants Dialysis Diesel-range hydrocarbons Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Eisenia fetida Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gasoline General aspects Hydrocarbons Ion Exchange Resins Manufactured-gas plants Mobility Mutagenicity Nonaqueous phase liquids Oligochaeta - drug effects Oligochaeta - metabolism Pollutants Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - metabolism Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - toxicity Polystyrenes Polyvinyls Resins Soil contamination Soil Pollutants - analysis Soil Pollutants - metabolism Soil Pollutants - toxicity Soils Toxicology Volatile hydrocarbons Worms |
| title | Effect of volatile hydrocarbon fractions on mobility and earthworm uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soils and soil/lampblack mixtures |
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