Mercury distribution in two Sierran forest and one desert sagebrush steppe ecosystems and the effects of fire
Mercury (Hg) concentration, reservoir mass, and Hg reservoir size were determined for vegetation components, litter, and mineral soil for two Sierran forest sites and one desert sagebrush steppe site. Mercury was found to be held primarily in the mineral soil (maximum depth of 60 to 100 cm), which c...
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description | Mercury (Hg) concentration, reservoir mass, and Hg reservoir size were determined for vegetation components, litter, and mineral soil for two Sierran forest sites and one desert sagebrush steppe site. Mercury was found to be held primarily in the mineral soil (maximum depth of 60 to 100 cm), which contained more than 90% of the total ecosystem reservoir. However, Hg in foliage, bark, and litter plays a more dominant role in Hg cycling than the mineral soil. Mercury partitioning into ecosystem components at the Sierran forest sites was similar to that observed for other US forest sites. Vegetation and litter Hg reservoirs were significantly smaller in the sagebrush steppe system because of lower biomass. Data collected from these ecosystems after wildfire and prescribed burns showed a significant decrease in the Hg pool from certain reservoirs. No loss from mineral soil was observed for the study areas but data from fire severity points suggested that Hg in the upper few millimeters of surface soil may be volatilized due to exposure to elevated temperatures. Comparison of data from burned and unburned plots suggested that the only significant source of atmospheric Hg from the prescribed burn was combustion of litter. Differences in unburned versus burned Hg reservoirs at the forest wildfire site demonstrated that drastic reduction in the litter and above ground live biomass Hg reservoirs after burning had occurred. Sagebrush and litter were absent in the burned plots after a wildfire suggesting that both reservoirs were released during the fire. Mercury emissions due to fire from the forest prescribed burn, forest wildfire, and sagebrush steppe wildfire sites were roughly estimated at 2.0 to 5.1, 2.2 to 4.9, and 0.36
±
0.13 g ha
−
1
, respectively, with litter and vegetation being the most important sources. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.11.025 |
format | Article |
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±
0.13 g ha
−
1
, respectively, with litter and vegetation being the most important sources.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0048-9697</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1026</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.11.025</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16406491</identifier><identifier>CODEN: STENDL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Shannon: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Altitude ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Applied ecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; California ; Desert ; Desert Climate ; Ecosystem ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; Emission ; Fire ; Fires ; Forest ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Mercury ; Mercury - analysis ; Nevada ; Soil Pollutants - analysis ; Terrestrial environment, soil, air ; Trees - growth & development</subject><ispartof>The Science of the total environment, 2006-08, Vol.367 (1), p.222-233</ispartof><rights>2005 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c492t-43e5936a1e10efdd6c26b0aa29fce4d3529e95991653233dca8579bdd700da1a3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.11.025$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17993641$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16406491$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Engle, Mark A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sexauer Gustin, Mae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Dale W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murphy, James F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Wally W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, Roger F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wright, Joan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Markee, Melissa</creatorcontrib><title>Mercury distribution in two Sierran forest and one desert sagebrush steppe ecosystems and the effects of fire</title><title>The Science of the total environment</title><addtitle>Sci Total Environ</addtitle><description>Mercury (Hg) concentration, reservoir mass, and Hg reservoir size were determined for vegetation components, litter, and mineral soil for two Sierran forest sites and one desert sagebrush steppe site. Mercury was found to be held primarily in the mineral soil (maximum depth of 60 to 100 cm), which contained more than 90% of the total ecosystem reservoir. However, Hg in foliage, bark, and litter plays a more dominant role in Hg cycling than the mineral soil. Mercury partitioning into ecosystem components at the Sierran forest sites was similar to that observed for other US forest sites. Vegetation and litter Hg reservoirs were significantly smaller in the sagebrush steppe system because of lower biomass. Data collected from these ecosystems after wildfire and prescribed burns showed a significant decrease in the Hg pool from certain reservoirs. No loss from mineral soil was observed for the study areas but data from fire severity points suggested that Hg in the upper few millimeters of surface soil may be volatilized due to exposure to elevated temperatures. Comparison of data from burned and unburned plots suggested that the only significant source of atmospheric Hg from the prescribed burn was combustion of litter. Differences in unburned versus burned Hg reservoirs at the forest wildfire site demonstrated that drastic reduction in the litter and above ground live biomass Hg reservoirs after burning had occurred. Sagebrush and litter were absent in the burned plots after a wildfire suggesting that both reservoirs were released during the fire. Mercury emissions due to fire from the forest prescribed burn, forest wildfire, and sagebrush steppe wildfire sites were roughly estimated at 2.0 to 5.1, 2.2 to 4.9, and 0.36
±
0.13 g ha
−
1
, respectively, with litter and vegetation being the most important sources.</description><subject>Altitude</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>California</subject><subject>Desert</subject><subject>Desert Climate</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Emission</subject><subject>Fire</subject><subject>Fires</subject><subject>Forest</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Mercury</subject><subject>Mercury - analysis</subject><subject>Nevada</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Terrestrial environment, soil, air</subject><subject>Trees - growth & development</subject><issn>0048-9697</issn><issn>1879-1026</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUuPFCEQgInRuOPqX1AueuuWoummOW42vpI1HtQzoaFwmUw3I9Br5t_LOBP3OFyKVL56pD5C3gBrgcHwfttmG0osuDy0nLG-BWgZ75-QDYxSNcD48JRsGBNjowYlr8iLnLesPjnCc3IFg2CDULAh81dMdk0H6kIuKUxrCXGhYaHlT6TfA6ZkFupjwlyoWRyNC1KHGVOh2fzCKa35nuaC-z1StDEf6n_O_9ByX1Peoy2ZRk99SPiSPPNml_HVOV6Tnx8__Lj93Nx9-_Tl9uausULx0ogOe9UNBhAYeucGy4eJGcOVtyhc13OFqlcKhr7jXeesGXupJuckY86A6a7Ju1PffYq_17q7nkO2uNuZBeOaNVc9F5LDRRCU5CPv-sugkCMfpaygPIE2xZwTer1PYTbpoIHpozu91f_d6aM7DaCru1r5-jxinWZ0j3VnWRV4ewZMtmbnqxob8iMnVT2aOHI3Jw7riR-qw-NAXCy6qsAW7WK4uMxfDtC9uA</recordid><startdate>20060815</startdate><enddate>20060815</enddate><creator>Engle, Mark A.</creator><creator>Sexauer Gustin, Mae</creator><creator>Johnson, Dale W.</creator><creator>Murphy, James F.</creator><creator>Miller, Wally W.</creator><creator>Walker, Roger F.</creator><creator>Wright, Joan</creator><creator>Markee, Melissa</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060815</creationdate><title>Mercury distribution in two Sierran forest and one desert sagebrush steppe ecosystems and the effects of fire</title><author>Engle, Mark A. ; Sexauer Gustin, Mae ; Johnson, Dale W. ; Murphy, James F. ; Miller, Wally W. ; Walker, Roger F. ; Wright, Joan ; Markee, Melissa</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c492t-43e5936a1e10efdd6c26b0aa29fce4d3529e95991653233dca8579bdd700da1a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Altitude</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Applied ecology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>California</topic><topic>Desert</topic><topic>Desert Climate</topic><topic>Ecosystem</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</topic><topic>Emission</topic><topic>Fire</topic><topic>Fires</topic><topic>Forest</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Mercury</topic><topic>Mercury - analysis</topic><topic>Nevada</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Terrestrial environment, soil, air</topic><topic>Trees - growth & development</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Engle, Mark A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sexauer Gustin, Mae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Dale W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murphy, James F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Wally W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, Roger F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wright, Joan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Markee, Melissa</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Sustainability Science Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The Science of the total environment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Engle, Mark A.</au><au>Sexauer Gustin, Mae</au><au>Johnson, Dale W.</au><au>Murphy, James F.</au><au>Miller, Wally W.</au><au>Walker, Roger F.</au><au>Wright, Joan</au><au>Markee, Melissa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Mercury distribution in two Sierran forest and one desert sagebrush steppe ecosystems and the effects of fire</atitle><jtitle>The Science of the total environment</jtitle><addtitle>Sci Total Environ</addtitle><date>2006-08-15</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>367</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>222</spage><epage>233</epage><pages>222-233</pages><issn>0048-9697</issn><eissn>1879-1026</eissn><coden>STENDL</coden><abstract>Mercury (Hg) concentration, reservoir mass, and Hg reservoir size were determined for vegetation components, litter, and mineral soil for two Sierran forest sites and one desert sagebrush steppe site. Mercury was found to be held primarily in the mineral soil (maximum depth of 60 to 100 cm), which contained more than 90% of the total ecosystem reservoir. However, Hg in foliage, bark, and litter plays a more dominant role in Hg cycling than the mineral soil. Mercury partitioning into ecosystem components at the Sierran forest sites was similar to that observed for other US forest sites. Vegetation and litter Hg reservoirs were significantly smaller in the sagebrush steppe system because of lower biomass. Data collected from these ecosystems after wildfire and prescribed burns showed a significant decrease in the Hg pool from certain reservoirs. No loss from mineral soil was observed for the study areas but data from fire severity points suggested that Hg in the upper few millimeters of surface soil may be volatilized due to exposure to elevated temperatures. Comparison of data from burned and unburned plots suggested that the only significant source of atmospheric Hg from the prescribed burn was combustion of litter. Differences in unburned versus burned Hg reservoirs at the forest wildfire site demonstrated that drastic reduction in the litter and above ground live biomass Hg reservoirs after burning had occurred. Sagebrush and litter were absent in the burned plots after a wildfire suggesting that both reservoirs were released during the fire. Mercury emissions due to fire from the forest prescribed burn, forest wildfire, and sagebrush steppe wildfire sites were roughly estimated at 2.0 to 5.1, 2.2 to 4.9, and 0.36
±
0.13 g ha
−
1
, respectively, with litter and vegetation being the most important sources.</abstract><cop>Shannon</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>16406491</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.11.025</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete |
subjects | Altitude Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied ecology Biological and medical sciences California Desert Desert Climate Ecosystem Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Emission Fire Fires Forest Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Mercury Mercury - analysis Nevada Soil Pollutants - analysis Terrestrial environment, soil, air Trees - growth & development |
title | Mercury distribution in two Sierran forest and one desert sagebrush steppe ecosystems and the effects of fire |
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