Effect of heat stress during the dry period on milk yield and reproductive performance of Holstein cows

This study aimed to determine the influence of heat stress during the dry period on milk yield and reproductive performance of Holstein cows in a hot environment. Breeding and milk production records of cows, as well as meteorological data between 2017 and 2020 from a commercial dairy herd ( n  = 12...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of biometeorology 2024-05, Vol.68 (5), p.883-890
Hauptverfasser: Rodríguez-Godina, Iris J., García, José E., Morales, Juan L., Contreras, Viridiana, Véliz, Francisco G., Macías-Cruz, Ulises, Avendaño-Reyes, Leonel, Mellado, Miguel
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container_issue 5
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container_title International journal of biometeorology
container_volume 68
creator Rodríguez-Godina, Iris J.
García, José E.
Morales, Juan L.
Contreras, Viridiana
Véliz, Francisco G.
Macías-Cruz, Ulises
Avendaño-Reyes, Leonel
Mellado, Miguel
description This study aimed to determine the influence of heat stress during the dry period on milk yield and reproductive performance of Holstein cows in a hot environment. Breeding and milk production records of cows, as well as meteorological data between 2017 and 2020 from a commercial dairy herd ( n  = 12,102 lactations), were used to determine the relationship between climatic conditions during the dry period (average of the temperature-humidity index (THI) at the beginning, middle, and end of the dry period) and reproductive efficiency and milk yield traits. THI was divided into  80 (severe heat stress). First-service pregnancy rate of cows decreased ( P  
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Breeding and milk production records of cows, as well as meteorological data between 2017 and 2020 from a commercial dairy herd ( n  = 12,102 lactations), were used to determine the relationship between climatic conditions during the dry period (average of the temperature-humidity index (THI) at the beginning, middle, and end of the dry period) and reproductive efficiency and milk yield traits. THI was divided into < 70 (no heat stress), 70–80 (moderate heat stress), and > 80 (severe heat stress). First-service pregnancy rate of cows decreased ( P  < 0.01) with increasing hyperthermia during the dry period (9.5, 7.3, and 3.4% for THI < 70, 70–80, and > 80, respectively). All-service pregnancy rate was highest ( P  < 0.01) for cows not undergoing heat stress during the dry period (60.2%) and lowest (42.6%) for cows with severe heat stress during the dry period. Cows not experiencing heat stress during the dry period required a mean ± SD of 5.6 ± 3.8 services per pregnancy compared with 6.5 ± 3.6 ( P  < 0.01) for cows subjected to THI > 80 during the dry period. Cows not suffering heat stress during the dry period produced more ( P  < 0.01) 305-day milk (10,926 ± 1206 kg) than cows subjected to moderate (10,799 ± 1254 kg) or severe (10,691 ± 1297 kg) heat stress during the dry period. Total milk yield did not differ ( P  > 0.10) between cows not undergoing heat stress (13,337 ± 3346 kg) and cows subjected to severe heat stress during the dry period (13,911 ± 4018 kg). It was concluded that environmental management of dry cows during hot months is warranted to maximize reproductive performance and milk yield in the following lactation.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0020-7128</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1432-1254</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1254</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02633-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38308728</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Animal Physiology ; Animals ; Biological and Medical Physics ; Biophysics ; Cattle ; Cattle - physiology ; Climatic conditions ; Cow's milk ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Environment ; Environmental Health ; Environmental management ; Female ; Heat stress ; Heat Stress Disorders - physiopathology ; Heat Stress Disorders - veterinary ; Heat tolerance ; Heat-Shock Response - physiology ; Hot Temperature ; Humidity ; Humidity indexes ; Hyperthermia ; Lactation ; Meteorological data ; Meteorology ; Milk ; Milk production ; Original Paper ; Plant Physiology ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction ; Reproduction - physiology ; Temperature effects</subject><ispartof>International journal of biometeorology, 2024-05, Vol.68 (5), p.883-890</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) under exclusive licence to International Society of Biometeorology 2024. 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Breeding and milk production records of cows, as well as meteorological data between 2017 and 2020 from a commercial dairy herd ( n  = 12,102 lactations), were used to determine the relationship between climatic conditions during the dry period (average of the temperature-humidity index (THI) at the beginning, middle, and end of the dry period) and reproductive efficiency and milk yield traits. THI was divided into < 70 (no heat stress), 70–80 (moderate heat stress), and > 80 (severe heat stress). First-service pregnancy rate of cows decreased ( P  < 0.01) with increasing hyperthermia during the dry period (9.5, 7.3, and 3.4% for THI < 70, 70–80, and > 80, respectively). All-service pregnancy rate was highest ( P  < 0.01) for cows not undergoing heat stress during the dry period (60.2%) and lowest (42.6%) for cows with severe heat stress during the dry period. 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Breeding and milk production records of cows, as well as meteorological data between 2017 and 2020 from a commercial dairy herd ( n  = 12,102 lactations), were used to determine the relationship between climatic conditions during the dry period (average of the temperature-humidity index (THI) at the beginning, middle, and end of the dry period) and reproductive efficiency and milk yield traits. THI was divided into < 70 (no heat stress), 70–80 (moderate heat stress), and > 80 (severe heat stress). First-service pregnancy rate of cows decreased ( P  < 0.01) with increasing hyperthermia during the dry period (9.5, 7.3, and 3.4% for THI < 70, 70–80, and > 80, respectively). All-service pregnancy rate was highest ( P  < 0.01) for cows not undergoing heat stress during the dry period (60.2%) and lowest (42.6%) for cows with severe heat stress during the dry period. Cows not experiencing heat stress during the dry period required a mean ± SD of 5.6 ± 3.8 services per pregnancy compared with 6.5 ± 3.6 ( P  < 0.01) for cows subjected to THI > 80 during the dry period. Cows not suffering heat stress during the dry period produced more ( P  < 0.01) 305-day milk (10,926 ± 1206 kg) than cows subjected to moderate (10,799 ± 1254 kg) or severe (10,691 ± 1297 kg) heat stress during the dry period. Total milk yield did not differ ( P  > 0.10) between cows not undergoing heat stress (13,337 ± 3346 kg) and cows subjected to severe heat stress during the dry period (13,911 ± 4018 kg). It was concluded that environmental management of dry cows during hot months is warranted to maximize reproductive performance and milk yield in the following lactation.]]></abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>38308728</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00484-024-02633-5</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3341-0060</orcidid></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 0020-7128
ispartof International journal of biometeorology, 2024-05, Vol.68 (5), p.883-890
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source MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals
subjects Animal Physiology
Animals
Biological and Medical Physics
Biophysics
Cattle
Cattle - physiology
Climatic conditions
Cow's milk
Earth and Environmental Science
Environment
Environmental Health
Environmental management
Female
Heat stress
Heat Stress Disorders - physiopathology
Heat Stress Disorders - veterinary
Heat tolerance
Heat-Shock Response - physiology
Hot Temperature
Humidity
Humidity indexes
Hyperthermia
Lactation
Meteorological data
Meteorology
Milk
Milk production
Original Paper
Plant Physiology
Pregnancy
Reproduction
Reproduction - physiology
Temperature effects
title Effect of heat stress during the dry period on milk yield and reproductive performance of Holstein cows
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