C‐peptide in diabetes: A player in a dual hormone disorder?

C‐peptide, a byproduct of insulin synthesis believed to be biologically inert, is emerging as a multifunctional molecule. C‐peptide serves an anti‐inflammatory and anti‐atherogenic role in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and early T2DM. C‐peptide protects endothelial cells by activating AMP‐activate...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Journal of cellular physiology 2024-05, Vol.239 (5), p.e31212-n/a
Hauptverfasser:	Dakroub, Ali, Dbouk, Ali, Asfour, Aref, Nasser, Suzanne A., El‐Yazbi, Ahmed F., Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Eid, Assaad A., Iratni, Rabah, Eid, Ali H.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Adaptor proteins Apoptosis Arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis Beta cells Biomarkers Cardiovascular disease Caspase CD4 antigen Cell proliferation Coronary artery disease Damage prevention Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent) Endothelial cells Growth factors Health risks Heart diseases Hyperglycemia Inflammation Insulin insulin resistance Kinases Leukocyte migration Lipids Lymphocytes Lymphoma metabolic disease Microvasculature Monocytes NAD(P)H oxidase p53 Protein Pathophysiology Peptides Phosphorylation Proteins Reactive oxygen species Receptors Smooth muscle Up-regulation vascular smooth muscle
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