Thallium Toxicity and its Interference with Potassium Pathways Tested on Various Cell Lines

Thallium (Tl) is a highly toxic heavy metal whose mechanism of toxicity is still not completely understood. The aim of this study was to test Tl cytotoxicity on several cell lines of different tissue origin in order to clarify specific Tl toxicity to a particular organ. In addition, possible interfe...

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Veröffentlicht in:Biological trace element research 2024-11, Vol.202 (11), p.5025-5035
Hauptverfasser: Marjanović Čermak, Ana Marija, Mustać, Stipe, Cvjetko, Petra, Pavičić, Ivan, Kifer, Domagoj, Bešić, Erim, Domijan, Ana-Marija
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container_end_page 5035
container_issue 11
container_start_page 5025
container_title Biological trace element research
container_volume 202
creator Marjanović Čermak, Ana Marija
Mustać, Stipe
Cvjetko, Petra
Pavičić, Ivan
Kifer, Domagoj
Bešić, Erim
Domijan, Ana-Marija
description Thallium (Tl) is a highly toxic heavy metal whose mechanism of toxicity is still not completely understood. The aim of this study was to test Tl cytotoxicity on several cell lines of different tissue origin in order to clarify specific Tl toxicity to a particular organ. In addition, possible interference of Tl with cell potassium (K) transport was examined. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), porcine kidney epithelial cells (PK15), human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells (V79) were treated with thallium (I) acetate in a wide concentration range (3.9–500 µg/mL) for 24 h, 48 and 72 h. To assess competitive interaction between Tl and K, the cells were treated with four Tl concentrations close to IC 50 (15.63, 31.25, 62.50, 125 µg/mL) in combination with/or without potassium (I) acetate (500 µg/mL). The cells’ morphology was monitored, and cytotoxic effect was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. The most sensitive to Tl exposure were SH-SY5Y cells, while HepG2 were the most resistant. The combined exposure to thallium (I) acetate and potassium (I) acetate for every cell line, except V79 cells, resulted in higher cell viability compared to thallium (I) acetate alone. The results of our study indicate that cell sensitivity to Tl treatment is largely affected by tissue culture origin, its function, and Na + /K + -ATPase activity.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s12011-024-04086-8
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subjects Acetates
Acetic acid
Animals
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Cell culture
Cell Line
Cell lines
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cell viability
Cells
Cricetinae
Cricetulus
Cytotoxicity
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Epithelial cells
Epithelium
Heavy metals
Hep G2 Cells
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Humans
Keratinocytes
Life Sciences
Na+/K+-exchanging ATPase
Neoplasms
Nutrition
Oncology
Potassium
Potassium - metabolism
Sensitivity analysis
Swine
Thallium
Thallium - toxicity
Tissue culture
Toxicity
Toxicity testing
title Thallium Toxicity and its Interference with Potassium Pathways Tested on Various Cell Lines
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