Microfluidic Device-Based In Vivo Detection of PD-L1-Positive Small Extracellular Vesicles and Its Application for Tumor Monitoring

Liquid biopsy is of great significance in tumor early diagnosis and treatment stratification. PD-L1-positive small extracellular vesicles (PD-L1+ sEVs) are closely related to tumor growth and immunotherapy response, which are considered valuable liquid biopsy biomarkers. In contrast to conventional...

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