C3d Immunohistochemical Staining on Paraffin-Embedded Tissue for Diagnosis of Pemphigus
Pemphigus is an autoimmune blister disease that causes blisters on the skin and mucosal surfaces. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) testing is critical for the clinical diagnosis of pemphigus. However, it is limited to fresh tissue specimens and fluorescence microscopy. To assess the value of C3d immu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine (1976) 2024-09, Vol.148 (9), p.1022-1027 |
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| container_title | Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine (1976) |
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| creator | Wu, Nanhui Cai, Yijie Wu, Fei Liang, Yulin Liu, Shuyi Zhang, Pengfei Liu, Yeqiang |
| description | Pemphigus is an autoimmune blister disease that causes blisters on the skin and mucosal surfaces. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) testing is critical for the clinical diagnosis of pemphigus. However, it is limited to fresh tissue specimens and fluorescence microscopy.
To assess the value of C3d immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin-embedded skin tissue for the diagnosis of pemphigus by comparing C3d-IHC results to DIF and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing in pemphigus and other blister-related skin diseases.
C3d-IHC assays were retrospectively performed on paraffin-embedded skin tissue sections from 115 patients (63 with pemphigus and 52 controls). Both the case group and the control group underwent the same protocol, and cases with C3d position in the peripheral spinous layer were considered as positive samples.
C3d-IHC and DIF testing had similar performance for pemphigus diagnosis, with a sensitivity of 71.0% (95% CI, 51.8%-85.1%) and 77.4% (95% CI, 58.5%-89.7%), specificity of 96.4% (95% CI, 79.8%-99.8%) and 100% (95% CI, 85.0%-100%), positive predictive value of 95.7% (95% CI, 76.0%-99.8%) and 100% (95% CI, 82.8%-100%), and a negative predictive value of 75.0% (95% CI, 57.5%-87.3%) and 80.0% (95% CI, 62.5%-90.9%), respectively.
Our study indicated that C3d-IHC results for paraffin-fixed tissues were not significantly different from DIF results for the diagnosis of pemphigus. The C3d-IHC assay has the potential for routine diagnosis of pemphigus, especially in the absence of fresh-frozen tissue. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.5858/arpa.2023-0274-OA |
| format | Article |
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To assess the value of C3d immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin-embedded skin tissue for the diagnosis of pemphigus by comparing C3d-IHC results to DIF and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing in pemphigus and other blister-related skin diseases.
C3d-IHC assays were retrospectively performed on paraffin-embedded skin tissue sections from 115 patients (63 with pemphigus and 52 controls). Both the case group and the control group underwent the same protocol, and cases with C3d position in the peripheral spinous layer were considered as positive samples.
C3d-IHC and DIF testing had similar performance for pemphigus diagnosis, with a sensitivity of 71.0% (95% CI, 51.8%-85.1%) and 77.4% (95% CI, 58.5%-89.7%), specificity of 96.4% (95% CI, 79.8%-99.8%) and 100% (95% CI, 85.0%-100%), positive predictive value of 95.7% (95% CI, 76.0%-99.8%) and 100% (95% CI, 82.8%-100%), and a negative predictive value of 75.0% (95% CI, 57.5%-87.3%) and 80.0% (95% CI, 62.5%-90.9%), respectively.
Our study indicated that C3d-IHC results for paraffin-fixed tissues were not significantly different from DIF results for the diagnosis of pemphigus. The C3d-IHC assay has the potential for routine diagnosis of pemphigus, especially in the absence of fresh-frozen tissue.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-9985</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1543-2165</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1543-2165</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2023-0274-OA</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38149406</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: College of American Pathologists</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alkanes ; Bullous pemphigoid ; Case reports ; Complement (Immunology) ; Complement C3d - analysis ; Complement C3d - metabolism ; Complement component C3d ; Dermatology ; Diagnosis ; Disease ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Enzymes ; Erythema ; Evaluation ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescence microscopy ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct - methods ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunohistochemistry - methods ; Laboratories ; Lupus ; Male ; Methods ; Microscopy ; Middle Aged ; Paraffin ; Paraffin Embedding ; Patients ; Pemphigus ; Pemphigus - diagnosis ; Pemphigus - metabolism ; Pemphigus - pathology ; Photobleaching ; Psoriasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity analysis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Skin ; Skin - metabolism ; Skin - pathology ; Skin diseases ; Skin tests ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine (1976), 2024-09, Vol.148 (9), p.1022-1027</ispartof><rights>2024 College of American Pathologists.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 College of American Pathologists</rights><rights>Copyright College of American Pathologists Sep 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-ffd879b8f71c21371f37b185a916bc10a28f89b96317c580bb369e93f945fd543</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38149406$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wu, Nanhui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cai, Yijie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Fei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Yulin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shuyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Pengfei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yeqiang</creatorcontrib><title>C3d Immunohistochemical Staining on Paraffin-Embedded Tissue for Diagnosis of Pemphigus</title><title>Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine (1976)</title><addtitle>Arch Pathol Lab Med</addtitle><description>Pemphigus is an autoimmune blister disease that causes blisters on the skin and mucosal surfaces. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) testing is critical for the clinical diagnosis of pemphigus. However, it is limited to fresh tissue specimens and fluorescence microscopy.
To assess the value of C3d immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin-embedded skin tissue for the diagnosis of pemphigus by comparing C3d-IHC results to DIF and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing in pemphigus and other blister-related skin diseases.
C3d-IHC assays were retrospectively performed on paraffin-embedded skin tissue sections from 115 patients (63 with pemphigus and 52 controls). Both the case group and the control group underwent the same protocol, and cases with C3d position in the peripheral spinous layer were considered as positive samples.
C3d-IHC and DIF testing had similar performance for pemphigus diagnosis, with a sensitivity of 71.0% (95% CI, 51.8%-85.1%) and 77.4% (95% CI, 58.5%-89.7%), specificity of 96.4% (95% CI, 79.8%-99.8%) and 100% (95% CI, 85.0%-100%), positive predictive value of 95.7% (95% CI, 76.0%-99.8%) and 100% (95% CI, 82.8%-100%), and a negative predictive value of 75.0% (95% CI, 57.5%-87.3%) and 80.0% (95% CI, 62.5%-90.9%), respectively.
Our study indicated that C3d-IHC results for paraffin-fixed tissues were not significantly different from DIF results for the diagnosis of pemphigus. The C3d-IHC assay has the potential for routine diagnosis of pemphigus, especially in the absence of fresh-frozen tissue.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Alkanes</subject><subject>Bullous pemphigoid</subject><subject>Case reports</subject><subject>Complement (Immunology)</subject><subject>Complement C3d - analysis</subject><subject>Complement C3d - metabolism</subject><subject>Complement component C3d</subject><subject>Dermatology</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Erythema</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Fluorescence microscopy</subject><subject>Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct - methods</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry - methods</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Lupus</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Paraffin</subject><subject>Paraffin Embedding</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pemphigus</subject><subject>Pemphigus - diagnosis</subject><subject>Pemphigus - metabolism</subject><subject>Pemphigus - pathology</subject><subject>Photobleaching</subject><subject>Psoriasis</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Sensitivity analysis</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Skin - metabolism</subject><subject>Skin - pathology</subject><subject>Skin diseases</subject><subject>Skin tests</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0003-9985</issn><issn>1543-2165</issn><issn>1543-2165</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNptkl1rHCEUhqW0NJu0P6A3RSiU3rj16Hzo5bJN00BgA03ppTiOzhhmdKszF_33nSHpR8rihSjPe44eHoTeAN2WohQfdTrqLaOME8rqghx2z9AGyoITBlX5HG0opZxIKcozdJ7z_XKUjMFLdMYFFLKg1QZ93_MWX4_jHGLv8xRNb0dv9IC_TtoHHzocA77VSTvnA7kcG9u2tsV3PufZYhcT_uR1F2L2GUeHb-147H0351fohdNDtq8f9wv07fPl3f4LuTlcXe93N8RwSSfiXCtq2QhXg2HAa3C8bkCUWkLVGKCaCSdkIysOtSkFbRpeSSu5k0Xp2uWrF-jDQ91jij9mmyc1-mzsMOhg45wVk7SqaxAcFvTdf-h9nFNYXqc4AAMBjLO_VKcHq3xwcUrarEXVTgCtBKvo2pacoDobbNJDDNb55foJvz3BL6tdx30y8P6fQG_1MPU5DvPkY8hPQXgATYo5J-vUMflRp58KqFotUaslarVErZaow27JvH2cxNyMtv2T-K0F_wUQsbS2</recordid><startdate>20240901</startdate><enddate>20240901</enddate><creator>Wu, Nanhui</creator><creator>Cai, Yijie</creator><creator>Wu, Fei</creator><creator>Liang, Yulin</creator><creator>Liu, Shuyi</creator><creator>Zhang, Pengfei</creator><creator>Liu, Yeqiang</creator><general>College of American Pathologists</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240901</creationdate><title>C3d Immunohistochemical Staining on Paraffin-Embedded Tissue for Diagnosis of Pemphigus</title><author>Wu, Nanhui ; Cai, Yijie ; Wu, Fei ; Liang, Yulin ; Liu, Shuyi ; Zhang, Pengfei ; Liu, Yeqiang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-ffd879b8f71c21371f37b185a916bc10a28f89b96317c580bb369e93f945fd543</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Alkanes</topic><topic>Bullous pemphigoid</topic><topic>Case reports</topic><topic>Complement (Immunology)</topic><topic>Complement C3d - analysis</topic><topic>Complement C3d - metabolism</topic><topic>Complement component C3d</topic><topic>Dermatology</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Disease</topic><topic>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Erythema</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fluorescence</topic><topic>Fluorescence microscopy</topic><topic>Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct - methods</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry - methods</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Lupus</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Microscopy</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Paraffin</topic><topic>Paraffin Embedding</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pemphigus</topic><topic>Pemphigus - diagnosis</topic><topic>Pemphigus - metabolism</topic><topic>Pemphigus - pathology</topic><topic>Photobleaching</topic><topic>Psoriasis</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Sensitivity analysis</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Skin - metabolism</topic><topic>Skin - pathology</topic><topic>Skin diseases</topic><topic>Skin tests</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wu, Nanhui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cai, Yijie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Fei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Yulin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shuyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Pengfei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yeqiang</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine (1976)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wu, Nanhui</au><au>Cai, Yijie</au><au>Wu, Fei</au><au>Liang, Yulin</au><au>Liu, Shuyi</au><au>Zhang, Pengfei</au><au>Liu, Yeqiang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>C3d Immunohistochemical Staining on Paraffin-Embedded Tissue for Diagnosis of Pemphigus</atitle><jtitle>Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine (1976)</jtitle><addtitle>Arch Pathol Lab Med</addtitle><date>2024-09-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>148</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1022</spage><epage>1027</epage><pages>1022-1027</pages><issn>0003-9985</issn><issn>1543-2165</issn><eissn>1543-2165</eissn><abstract>Pemphigus is an autoimmune blister disease that causes blisters on the skin and mucosal surfaces. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) testing is critical for the clinical diagnosis of pemphigus. However, it is limited to fresh tissue specimens and fluorescence microscopy.
To assess the value of C3d immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin-embedded skin tissue for the diagnosis of pemphigus by comparing C3d-IHC results to DIF and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing in pemphigus and other blister-related skin diseases.
C3d-IHC assays were retrospectively performed on paraffin-embedded skin tissue sections from 115 patients (63 with pemphigus and 52 controls). Both the case group and the control group underwent the same protocol, and cases with C3d position in the peripheral spinous layer were considered as positive samples.
C3d-IHC and DIF testing had similar performance for pemphigus diagnosis, with a sensitivity of 71.0% (95% CI, 51.8%-85.1%) and 77.4% (95% CI, 58.5%-89.7%), specificity of 96.4% (95% CI, 79.8%-99.8%) and 100% (95% CI, 85.0%-100%), positive predictive value of 95.7% (95% CI, 76.0%-99.8%) and 100% (95% CI, 82.8%-100%), and a negative predictive value of 75.0% (95% CI, 57.5%-87.3%) and 80.0% (95% CI, 62.5%-90.9%), respectively.
Our study indicated that C3d-IHC results for paraffin-fixed tissues were not significantly different from DIF results for the diagnosis of pemphigus. The C3d-IHC assay has the potential for routine diagnosis of pemphigus, especially in the absence of fresh-frozen tissue.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>College of American Pathologists</pub><pmid>38149406</pmid><doi>10.5858/arpa.2023-0274-OA</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Alkanes Bullous pemphigoid Case reports Complement (Immunology) Complement C3d - analysis Complement C3d - metabolism Complement component C3d Dermatology Diagnosis Disease Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Enzymes Erythema Evaluation Female Fluorescence Fluorescence microscopy Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct - methods Humans Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry - methods Laboratories Lupus Male Methods Microscopy Middle Aged Paraffin Paraffin Embedding Patients Pemphigus Pemphigus - diagnosis Pemphigus - metabolism Pemphigus - pathology Photobleaching Psoriasis Retrospective Studies Sensitivity analysis Sensitivity and Specificity Skin Skin - metabolism Skin - pathology Skin diseases Skin tests Young Adult |
| title | C3d Immunohistochemical Staining on Paraffin-Embedded Tissue for Diagnosis of Pemphigus |
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