Male and Female Discrepancies in Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Coping Strategies among Orthognathic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
With an increasing understanding of the differences between men and women’s psychological experiences, this study aimed to probe the sex-based differences in anxiety, depressive symptoms, and coping strategies among orthognathic patients. The study hypothesis was that female patients would show high...
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creator | Avramut, Robert Talpos, Serban Szuhanek, Camelia Pricop, Marius Talpos, Roxana Hajaj, Tareq Nikolajevic-Stoican, Nicoleta Maracineanu, Raluca Ghircau-Radu, Roxana Popa, Malina |
description | With an increasing understanding of the differences between men and women’s psychological experiences, this study aimed to probe the sex-based differences in anxiety, depressive symptoms, and coping strategies among orthognathic patients. The study hypothesis was that female patients would show higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms than males, and that coping mechanisms would differ between male and female sexes. A cross-sectional design was adopted, examining orthognathic patients from the Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery at the Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital in Timisoara, Romania, from 2020 to 2023. Eligible participants (18+ years with no prior orthognathic treatment) completed a comprehensive online questionnaire 6 weeks before scheduled surgery. This was composed of validated self-report instruments comprising the SF-36, GAD-7, and the PHQ-9, and the COPE-60, along with additional sociodemographic data. Of the 127 orthognathic patients analyzed (68 men and 59 women, aged 18 to 65 years, mean age 32), men rated their physical health status slightly better on the SF-36 scale. However, the most notable difference was in mental health, with females scoring higher on both the PHQ-9 (indicative of depression) and the GAD-7 (indicative of anxiety) scales. Specifically, female participants exhibited average PHQ-9 scores 1.8 points higher and GAD-7 scores 1.5 points higher than their male counterparts. Coping mechanisms also varied: 42% of male patients primarily employed “Disengagement” strategies, while 58% of females predominantly used “Engagement” and “Emotion Focused” strategies. Emotion-focused coping was associated with a 1.6-fold increased risk of depressive symptoms. Sex differences play a crucial role in the psychological experiences of orthognathic patients, evident in anxiety and depression levels, perceived health status, and coping strategies. This underlines the importance of sex-tailored psychological support in the preoperative phase for orthognathic surgery patients. |
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The study hypothesis was that female patients would show higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms than males, and that coping mechanisms would differ between male and female sexes. A cross-sectional design was adopted, examining orthognathic patients from the Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery at the Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital in Timisoara, Romania, from 2020 to 2023. Eligible participants (18+ years with no prior orthognathic treatment) completed a comprehensive online questionnaire 6 weeks before scheduled surgery. This was composed of validated self-report instruments comprising the SF-36, GAD-7, and the PHQ-9, and the COPE-60, along with additional sociodemographic data. Of the 127 orthognathic patients analyzed (68 men and 59 women, aged 18 to 65 years, mean age 32), men rated their physical health status slightly better on the SF-36 scale. However, the most notable difference was in mental health, with females scoring higher on both the PHQ-9 (indicative of depression) and the GAD-7 (indicative of anxiety) scales. Specifically, female participants exhibited average PHQ-9 scores 1.8 points higher and GAD-7 scores 1.5 points higher than their male counterparts. Coping mechanisms also varied: 42% of male patients primarily employed “Disengagement” strategies, while 58% of females predominantly used “Engagement” and “Emotion Focused” strategies. Emotion-focused coping was associated with a 1.6-fold increased risk of depressive symptoms. Sex differences play a crucial role in the psychological experiences of orthognathic patients, evident in anxiety and depression levels, perceived health status, and coping strategies. This underlines the importance of sex-tailored psychological support in the preoperative phase for orthognathic surgery patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2077-0383</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2077-0383</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227161</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Anxiety ; Clinical medicine ; Confidentiality ; Coping ; Coping (Psychology) ; Cross-sectional studies ; Depression, Mental ; Emotions ; Gender differences ; Health aspects ; Medical research ; Medicine, Experimental ; Mental depression ; Orthognathic surgery ; Patients ; Psychological aspects ; Questionnaires ; Research design ; Risk factors ; Sex differences (Psychology) ; Statistical significance ; Surgeons ; Surgery ; Surgical outcomes ; Women</subject><ispartof>Journal of clinical medicine, 2023-11, Vol.12 (22), p.7161</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-db30efdbe6df8e189ff2ac44f81f265d5e0d6c9b30d2ddab009147622ca303eb3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3668-2299 ; 0000-0001-7286-3161</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Avramut, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Talpos, Serban</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Szuhanek, Camelia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pricop, Marius</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Talpos, Roxana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hajaj, Tareq</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nikolajevic-Stoican, Nicoleta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maracineanu, Raluca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghircau-Radu, Roxana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Popa, Malina</creatorcontrib><title>Male and Female Discrepancies in Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Coping Strategies among Orthognathic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis</title><title>Journal of clinical medicine</title><description>With an increasing understanding of the differences between men and women’s psychological experiences, this study aimed to probe the sex-based differences in anxiety, depressive symptoms, and coping strategies among orthognathic patients. The study hypothesis was that female patients would show higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms than males, and that coping mechanisms would differ between male and female sexes. A cross-sectional design was adopted, examining orthognathic patients from the Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery at the Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital in Timisoara, Romania, from 2020 to 2023. Eligible participants (18+ years with no prior orthognathic treatment) completed a comprehensive online questionnaire 6 weeks before scheduled surgery. This was composed of validated self-report instruments comprising the SF-36, GAD-7, and the PHQ-9, and the COPE-60, along with additional sociodemographic data. Of the 127 orthognathic patients analyzed (68 men and 59 women, aged 18 to 65 years, mean age 32), men rated their physical health status slightly better on the SF-36 scale. However, the most notable difference was in mental health, with females scoring higher on both the PHQ-9 (indicative of depression) and the GAD-7 (indicative of anxiety) scales. Specifically, female participants exhibited average PHQ-9 scores 1.8 points higher and GAD-7 scores 1.5 points higher than their male counterparts. Coping mechanisms also varied: 42% of male patients primarily employed “Disengagement” strategies, while 58% of females predominantly used “Engagement” and “Emotion Focused” strategies. Emotion-focused coping was associated with a 1.6-fold increased risk of depressive symptoms. Sex differences play a crucial role in the psychological experiences of orthognathic patients, evident in anxiety and depression levels, perceived health status, and coping strategies. This underlines the importance of sex-tailored psychological support in the preoperative phase for orthognathic surgery patients.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Confidentiality</subject><subject>Coping</subject><subject>Coping (Psychology)</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Depression, Mental</subject><subject>Emotions</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine, Experimental</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Orthognathic surgery</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Psychological aspects</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Research design</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Sex differences (Psychology)</subject><subject>Statistical significance</subject><subject>Surgeons</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Surgical outcomes</subject><subject>Women</subject><issn>2077-0383</issn><issn>2077-0383</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNptkctKAzEUhgdRULQrXyDgRtDRXKZzcVdab6BUqK6HNDmpKTPJmKRi38GHNmNdVDFZ5HD4_pPk_5PkmOALxip8uRQtoZQWJCc7yQHFRZFiVrLdrXo_GXi_xHGVZUZJcZB8PvIGEDcS3UDblxPthYOOG6HBI23QyHxoCOtzNIHOgff6HdBs3XbBtv78Wzm2nTYLNAuOB1j0Mt7a2Ji68GoXhodXLdATDxpM8FdohMbOep_OQARtDW_iFbxZe-2Pkj3FGw-Dn_Mwebm5fh7fpQ_T2_vx6CEVbJiHVM4ZBiXnkEtVAikrpSgXWaZKomg-lEPAMhdVpCSVks8xrkhW5JQKzjCDOTtMTjdzO2ffVuBD3cZfQ9NwA3bla1pW0axhxqqInvxBl3bl4ns3FM7LHG9Ri2hhrY2y0QvRD61HRZExGhMgkbr4h4pbQquFNaB07P8SnG0EojfMgao7p1vu1jXBdZ95vZU5-wIDPJ7J</recordid><startdate>20231101</startdate><enddate>20231101</enddate><creator>Avramut, Robert</creator><creator>Talpos, Serban</creator><creator>Szuhanek, Camelia</creator><creator>Pricop, Marius</creator><creator>Talpos, Roxana</creator><creator>Hajaj, Tareq</creator><creator>Nikolajevic-Stoican, Nicoleta</creator><creator>Maracineanu, Raluca</creator><creator>Ghircau-Radu, Roxana</creator><creator>Popa, Malina</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3668-2299</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7286-3161</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231101</creationdate><title>Male and Female Discrepancies in Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Coping Strategies among Orthognathic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis</title><author>Avramut, Robert ; Talpos, Serban ; Szuhanek, Camelia ; Pricop, Marius ; Talpos, Roxana ; Hajaj, Tareq ; Nikolajevic-Stoican, Nicoleta ; Maracineanu, Raluca ; Ghircau-Radu, Roxana ; Popa, Malina</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-db30efdbe6df8e189ff2ac44f81f265d5e0d6c9b30d2ddab009147622ca303eb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Clinical medicine</topic><topic>Confidentiality</topic><topic>Coping</topic><topic>Coping (Psychology)</topic><topic>Cross-sectional studies</topic><topic>Depression, Mental</topic><topic>Emotions</topic><topic>Gender differences</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Orthognathic surgery</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Psychological aspects</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Research design</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Sex differences (Psychology)</topic><topic>Statistical significance</topic><topic>Surgeons</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Surgical outcomes</topic><topic>Women</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Avramut, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Talpos, Serban</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Szuhanek, Camelia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pricop, Marius</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Talpos, Roxana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hajaj, Tareq</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nikolajevic-Stoican, Nicoleta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maracineanu, Raluca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghircau-Radu, Roxana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Popa, Malina</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of clinical medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Avramut, Robert</au><au>Talpos, Serban</au><au>Szuhanek, Camelia</au><au>Pricop, Marius</au><au>Talpos, Roxana</au><au>Hajaj, Tareq</au><au>Nikolajevic-Stoican, Nicoleta</au><au>Maracineanu, Raluca</au><au>Ghircau-Radu, Roxana</au><au>Popa, Malina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Male and Female Discrepancies in Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Coping Strategies among Orthognathic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis</atitle><jtitle>Journal of clinical medicine</jtitle><date>2023-11-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>22</issue><spage>7161</spage><pages>7161-</pages><issn>2077-0383</issn><eissn>2077-0383</eissn><abstract>With an increasing understanding of the differences between men and women’s psychological experiences, this study aimed to probe the sex-based differences in anxiety, depressive symptoms, and coping strategies among orthognathic patients. The study hypothesis was that female patients would show higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms than males, and that coping mechanisms would differ between male and female sexes. A cross-sectional design was adopted, examining orthognathic patients from the Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery at the Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital in Timisoara, Romania, from 2020 to 2023. Eligible participants (18+ years with no prior orthognathic treatment) completed a comprehensive online questionnaire 6 weeks before scheduled surgery. This was composed of validated self-report instruments comprising the SF-36, GAD-7, and the PHQ-9, and the COPE-60, along with additional sociodemographic data. Of the 127 orthognathic patients analyzed (68 men and 59 women, aged 18 to 65 years, mean age 32), men rated their physical health status slightly better on the SF-36 scale. However, the most notable difference was in mental health, with females scoring higher on both the PHQ-9 (indicative of depression) and the GAD-7 (indicative of anxiety) scales. Specifically, female participants exhibited average PHQ-9 scores 1.8 points higher and GAD-7 scores 1.5 points higher than their male counterparts. Coping mechanisms also varied: 42% of male patients primarily employed “Disengagement” strategies, while 58% of females predominantly used “Engagement” and “Emotion Focused” strategies. Emotion-focused coping was associated with a 1.6-fold increased risk of depressive symptoms. Sex differences play a crucial role in the psychological experiences of orthognathic patients, evident in anxiety and depression levels, perceived health status, and coping strategies. 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subjects | Analysis Anxiety Clinical medicine Confidentiality Coping Coping (Psychology) Cross-sectional studies Depression, Mental Emotions Gender differences Health aspects Medical research Medicine, Experimental Mental depression Orthognathic surgery Patients Psychological aspects Questionnaires Research design Risk factors Sex differences (Psychology) Statistical significance Surgeons Surgery Surgical outcomes Women |
title | Male and Female Discrepancies in Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Coping Strategies among Orthognathic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis |
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