Attention and Behavior Problems in Childhood Predict Adult Financial Status, Health, and Criminal Activity: A Conceptual Replication and Extension of Moffitt et al. (2011) Using Cohorts From the United States and the United Kingdom
This study is a conceptual replication of a widely cited study by Moffitt et al. (2011) which found that attention and behavior problems in childhood (a composite of impulsive hyperactive, inattentive, and impulsive-aggressive behaviors labeled "self-control") predicted adult financial sta...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Developmental psychology 2023-08, Vol.59 (8), p.1389-1406 |
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| creator | Koepp, Andrew E. Watts, Tyler W. Gershoff, Elizabeth T. Ahmed, Sammy F. Davis-Kean, Pamela Duncan, Greg J. Kuhfeld, Megan Vandell, Deborah L. |
| description | This study is a conceptual replication of a widely cited study by
Moffitt et al. (2011) which found that attention and behavior problems in childhood (a composite of impulsive hyperactive, inattentive, and impulsive-aggressive behaviors labeled "self-control") predicted adult financial status, health, and criminal activity. Using data from longitudinal cohort studies in the United States (n = 1,168) and the United Kingdom (n = 16,506), we largely reproduced their pattern of findings that attention and behavior problems measured across the course of childhood predicted a range of adult outcomes including educational attainment (βU.S. = −0.22, βU.K. = −0.13) and spending time in jail (ORU.S. = 1.74, ORU.K. = 1.48). We found that associations with outcomes in education, work, and finances diminished in the presence of additional covariates for children's home environment and achievement but associations for other outcomes were more robust. We also found that attention and behavior problems across distinct periods of childhood were associated with adult outcomes. Specific attention and behavior problems showed some differences in predicting outcomes in the U.S. cohort, with attention problems predicting lower educational attainment and hyperactivity/impulsivity predicting ever spending time in jail. Together with the findings from Moffitt et al., our study makes clear that childhood attention and behavior problems are associated with a range of outcomes in adulthood for cohorts born in the 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s across three countries.
Public Significance Statement
This study reveals that findings from
Moffitt et al. (2011) that children exhibiting attention and behavior problems had greater financial struggles, poorer health, and a greater likelihood of criminality once they reached adulthood, generalized to cohorts born in different decades in the United States and the United Kingdom. Given the consistency of findings across cohorts, attention, and behavior problems in childhood appear to make it difficult to meet the demands of one's environment throughout development. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/dev0001533 |
| format | Article |
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Moffitt et al. (2011) which found that attention and behavior problems in childhood (a composite of impulsive hyperactive, inattentive, and impulsive-aggressive behaviors labeled "self-control") predicted adult financial status, health, and criminal activity. Using data from longitudinal cohort studies in the United States (n = 1,168) and the United Kingdom (n = 16,506), we largely reproduced their pattern of findings that attention and behavior problems measured across the course of childhood predicted a range of adult outcomes including educational attainment (βU.S. = −0.22, βU.K. = −0.13) and spending time in jail (ORU.S. = 1.74, ORU.K. = 1.48). We found that associations with outcomes in education, work, and finances diminished in the presence of additional covariates for children's home environment and achievement but associations for other outcomes were more robust. We also found that attention and behavior problems across distinct periods of childhood were associated with adult outcomes. Specific attention and behavior problems showed some differences in predicting outcomes in the U.S. cohort, with attention problems predicting lower educational attainment and hyperactivity/impulsivity predicting ever spending time in jail. Together with the findings from Moffitt et al., our study makes clear that childhood attention and behavior problems are associated with a range of outcomes in adulthood for cohorts born in the 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s across three countries.
Public Significance Statement
This study reveals that findings from
Moffitt et al. (2011) that children exhibiting attention and behavior problems had greater financial struggles, poorer health, and a greater likelihood of criminality once they reached adulthood, generalized to cohorts born in different decades in the United States and the United Kingdom. Given the consistency of findings across cohorts, attention, and behavior problems in childhood appear to make it difficult to meet the demands of one's environment throughout development.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-1649</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1939-0599</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-0599</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/dev0001533</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37276139</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Achievement ; Adult ; Adults ; Attention ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Attention Deficit Disorders ; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ; Behavior Problems ; Child ; Child Behavior ; Childhood ; Children ; Cohort analysis ; Correctional Institutions ; Correlation ; Crime ; Criminal Behavior ; Criminals ; Early Experience ; Educational Attainment ; Educational Attainment Level ; Employment ; Employment Level ; Ethnicity ; Family Environment ; Female ; Foreign Countries ; Gender Differences ; Health ; Health Status ; Home environment ; Human ; Humans ; Hyperactivity ; Impulsivity ; Income ; Individual Characteristics ; Institutionalized Persons ; Intelligence Quotient ; Jails ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Money Management ; Predictor Variables ; Racial Differences ; Self Control ; Socioeconomic Status ; Substance Abuse ; Test Construction ; United Kingdom ; United States</subject><ispartof>Developmental psychology, 2023-08, Vol.59 (8), p.1389-1406</ispartof><rights>2023 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>2023, American Psychological Association</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychological Association Aug 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a471t-a938233942ed96da22009b1d6aaf190a331c706fdb1a403eaebfe5675aba817a3</citedby><orcidid>0000-0002-6976-8507 ; 0000-0003-2373-9783</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,30976</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ1386084$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37276139$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Pérez-Edgar, Koraly</contributor><creatorcontrib>Koepp, Andrew E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watts, Tyler W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gershoff, Elizabeth T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmed, Sammy F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis-Kean, Pamela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duncan, Greg J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuhfeld, Megan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vandell, Deborah L.</creatorcontrib><title>Attention and Behavior Problems in Childhood Predict Adult Financial Status, Health, and Criminal Activity: A Conceptual Replication and Extension of Moffitt et al. (2011) Using Cohorts From the United States and the United Kingdom</title><title>Developmental psychology</title><addtitle>Dev Psychol</addtitle><description>This study is a conceptual replication of a widely cited study by
Moffitt et al. (2011) which found that attention and behavior problems in childhood (a composite of impulsive hyperactive, inattentive, and impulsive-aggressive behaviors labeled "self-control") predicted adult financial status, health, and criminal activity. Using data from longitudinal cohort studies in the United States (n = 1,168) and the United Kingdom (n = 16,506), we largely reproduced their pattern of findings that attention and behavior problems measured across the course of childhood predicted a range of adult outcomes including educational attainment (βU.S. = −0.22, βU.K. = −0.13) and spending time in jail (ORU.S. = 1.74, ORU.K. = 1.48). We found that associations with outcomes in education, work, and finances diminished in the presence of additional covariates for children's home environment and achievement but associations for other outcomes were more robust. We also found that attention and behavior problems across distinct periods of childhood were associated with adult outcomes. Specific attention and behavior problems showed some differences in predicting outcomes in the U.S. cohort, with attention problems predicting lower educational attainment and hyperactivity/impulsivity predicting ever spending time in jail. Together with the findings from Moffitt et al., our study makes clear that childhood attention and behavior problems are associated with a range of outcomes in adulthood for cohorts born in the 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s across three countries.
Public Significance Statement
This study reveals that findings from
Moffitt et al. (2011) that children exhibiting attention and behavior problems had greater financial struggles, poorer health, and a greater likelihood of criminality once they reached adulthood, generalized to cohorts born in different decades in the United States and the United Kingdom. Given the consistency of findings across cohorts, attention, and behavior problems in childhood appear to make it difficult to meet the demands of one's environment throughout development.</description><subject>Achievement</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Attention</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorders</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</subject><subject>Behavior Problems</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child Behavior</subject><subject>Childhood</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Correctional Institutions</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Crime</subject><subject>Criminal Behavior</subject><subject>Criminals</subject><subject>Early Experience</subject><subject>Educational Attainment</subject><subject>Educational Attainment Level</subject><subject>Employment</subject><subject>Employment Level</subject><subject>Ethnicity</subject><subject>Family Environment</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Foreign Countries</subject><subject>Gender Differences</subject><subject>Health</subject><subject>Health Status</subject><subject>Home environment</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Impulsivity</subject><subject>Income</subject><subject>Individual Characteristics</subject><subject>Institutionalized Persons</subject><subject>Intelligence Quotient</subject><subject>Jails</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Money Management</subject><subject>Predictor Variables</subject><subject>Racial Differences</subject><subject>Self Control</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Status</subject><subject>Substance Abuse</subject><subject>Test Construction</subject><subject>United Kingdom</subject><subject>United States</subject><issn>0012-1649</issn><issn>1939-0599</issn><issn>1939-0599</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkk1vEzEQhlcIREPhwh1kqZeCkuKP_TK3ECUUKAIBOa9m7Vniane92N6I_GL-Bk5SCuKAkA_WvPPMOyN7kuQxoxeMiuKFxi2llGVC3EkmTAo5o5mUd5NJFPmM5ak8SR54fx3DVMjsfnIiCl7kTMhJ8mMeAvbB2J5Ar8kr3MDWWEc-Olu32HlierLYmFZvrNVRRW1UIHM9toGsTA-9MtCSzwHC6KfkEqENm-nBauFMF4GWzFUwWxN2L8mcLGyvcAhjlD_h0BoFt62X3-Mgfh_Zhry3TWNCIBgItBfknFPGnpG1N_3X6LGxLniycrYjYYNk3ZuA-jAE-oPXH-q7WKJt9zC510Dr8dHNfZqsV8svi8vZ1YfXbxbzqxmkBQszkKLkQsiUo5a5Bs4plTXTOUDDJAUhmCpo3uiaQUoFAtYNZnmRQQ0lK0CcJudH38HZbyP6UHXGK2xb6NGOvuKlpFTkZZb9B8oFTVnO9-jZX-i1HV183D2VcsplPP-mOE9lmbMyUs-PlHLWe4dNNcSfArerGK32-1T93qcIP72xHOsO9S36a4Ei8OQIoDPqNr18y0SZ0zKN-ekxDwNUg98pcMGoFr0anYuLt29WZbIqq1ghxU9Oud61</recordid><startdate>20230801</startdate><enddate>20230801</enddate><creator>Koepp, Andrew E.</creator><creator>Watts, Tyler W.</creator><creator>Gershoff, Elizabeth T.</creator><creator>Ahmed, Sammy F.</creator><creator>Davis-Kean, Pamela</creator><creator>Duncan, Greg J.</creator><creator>Kuhfeld, Megan</creator><creator>Vandell, Deborah L.</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-8507</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2373-9783</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230801</creationdate><title>Attention and Behavior Problems in Childhood Predict Adult Financial Status, Health, and Criminal Activity: A Conceptual Replication and Extension of Moffitt et al. (2011) Using Cohorts From the United States and the United Kingdom</title><author>Koepp, Andrew E. ; Watts, Tyler W. ; Gershoff, Elizabeth T. ; Ahmed, Sammy F. ; Davis-Kean, Pamela ; Duncan, Greg J. ; Kuhfeld, Megan ; Vandell, Deborah L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a471t-a938233942ed96da22009b1d6aaf190a331c706fdb1a403eaebfe5675aba817a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Achievement</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Attention</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorders</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</topic><topic>Behavior Problems</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child Behavior</topic><topic>Childhood</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Correctional Institutions</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Crime</topic><topic>Criminal Behavior</topic><topic>Criminals</topic><topic>Early Experience</topic><topic>Educational Attainment</topic><topic>Educational Attainment Level</topic><topic>Employment</topic><topic>Employment Level</topic><topic>Ethnicity</topic><topic>Family Environment</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Foreign Countries</topic><topic>Gender Differences</topic><topic>Health</topic><topic>Health Status</topic><topic>Home environment</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperactivity</topic><topic>Impulsivity</topic><topic>Income</topic><topic>Individual Characteristics</topic><topic>Institutionalized Persons</topic><topic>Intelligence Quotient</topic><topic>Jails</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Money Management</topic><topic>Predictor Variables</topic><topic>Racial Differences</topic><topic>Self Control</topic><topic>Socioeconomic Status</topic><topic>Substance Abuse</topic><topic>Test Construction</topic><topic>United Kingdom</topic><topic>United States</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Koepp, Andrew E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watts, Tyler W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gershoff, Elizabeth T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmed, Sammy F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis-Kean, Pamela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duncan, Greg J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuhfeld, Megan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vandell, Deborah L.</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>APA PsycArticles®</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Developmental psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Koepp, Andrew E.</au><au>Watts, Tyler W.</au><au>Gershoff, Elizabeth T.</au><au>Ahmed, Sammy F.</au><au>Davis-Kean, Pamela</au><au>Duncan, Greg J.</au><au>Kuhfeld, Megan</au><au>Vandell, Deborah L.</au><au>Pérez-Edgar, Koraly</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ1386084</ericid><atitle>Attention and Behavior Problems in Childhood Predict Adult Financial Status, Health, and Criminal Activity: A Conceptual Replication and Extension of Moffitt et al. (2011) Using Cohorts From the United States and the United Kingdom</atitle><jtitle>Developmental psychology</jtitle><addtitle>Dev Psychol</addtitle><date>2023-08-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>59</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1389</spage><epage>1406</epage><pages>1389-1406</pages><issn>0012-1649</issn><issn>1939-0599</issn><eissn>1939-0599</eissn><abstract>This study is a conceptual replication of a widely cited study by
Moffitt et al. (2011) which found that attention and behavior problems in childhood (a composite of impulsive hyperactive, inattentive, and impulsive-aggressive behaviors labeled "self-control") predicted adult financial status, health, and criminal activity. Using data from longitudinal cohort studies in the United States (n = 1,168) and the United Kingdom (n = 16,506), we largely reproduced their pattern of findings that attention and behavior problems measured across the course of childhood predicted a range of adult outcomes including educational attainment (βU.S. = −0.22, βU.K. = −0.13) and spending time in jail (ORU.S. = 1.74, ORU.K. = 1.48). We found that associations with outcomes in education, work, and finances diminished in the presence of additional covariates for children's home environment and achievement but associations for other outcomes were more robust. We also found that attention and behavior problems across distinct periods of childhood were associated with adult outcomes. Specific attention and behavior problems showed some differences in predicting outcomes in the U.S. cohort, with attention problems predicting lower educational attainment and hyperactivity/impulsivity predicting ever spending time in jail. Together with the findings from Moffitt et al., our study makes clear that childhood attention and behavior problems are associated with a range of outcomes in adulthood for cohorts born in the 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s across three countries.
Public Significance Statement
This study reveals that findings from
Moffitt et al. (2011) that children exhibiting attention and behavior problems had greater financial struggles, poorer health, and a greater likelihood of criminality once they reached adulthood, generalized to cohorts born in different decades in the United States and the United Kingdom. Given the consistency of findings across cohorts, attention, and behavior problems in childhood appear to make it difficult to meet the demands of one's environment throughout development.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>37276139</pmid><doi>10.1037/dev0001533</doi><tpages>18</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-8507</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2373-9783</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Developmental psychology, 2023-08, Vol.59 (8), p.1389-1406 |
| issn | 0012-1649 1939-0599 1939-0599 |
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| subjects | Achievement Adult Adults Attention Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Attention Deficit Disorders Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Behavior Problems Child Child Behavior Childhood Children Cohort analysis Correctional Institutions Correlation Crime Criminal Behavior Criminals Early Experience Educational Attainment Educational Attainment Level Employment Employment Level Ethnicity Family Environment Female Foreign Countries Gender Differences Health Health Status Home environment Human Humans Hyperactivity Impulsivity Income Individual Characteristics Institutionalized Persons Intelligence Quotient Jails Longitudinal Studies Male Money Management Predictor Variables Racial Differences Self Control Socioeconomic Status Substance Abuse Test Construction United Kingdom United States |
| title | Attention and Behavior Problems in Childhood Predict Adult Financial Status, Health, and Criminal Activity: A Conceptual Replication and Extension of Moffitt et al. (2011) Using Cohorts From the United States and the United Kingdom |
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