CAR-T Cell Therapy: From the Shop to Cancer Therapy
Cancer is a worldwide health problem. Nevertheless, new technologies in the immunotherapy field have emerged. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology is a novel biological form to treat cancer; CAR-T cell genetic engineering has positively revolutionized cancer immunotherapy. In this paper, we re...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2023-11, Vol.24 (21), p.15688 |
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| creator | Uscanga-Palomeque, Ashanti Concepción Chávez-Escamilla, Ana Karina Alvizo-Báez, Cynthia Aracely Saavedra-Alonso, Santiago Terrazas-Armendáriz, Luis Daniel Tamez-Guerra, Reyes S Rodríguez-Padilla, Cristina Alcocer-González, Juan Manuel |
| description | Cancer is a worldwide health problem. Nevertheless, new technologies in the immunotherapy field have emerged. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology is a novel biological form to treat cancer; CAR-T cell genetic engineering has positively revolutionized cancer immunotherapy. In this paper, we review the latest developments in CAR-T in cancer treatment. We present the structure of the different generations and variants of CAR-T cells including TRUCK (T cells redirected for universal cytokine killing. We explain the approaches of the CAR-T cells manufactured ex vivo and in vivo. Moreover, we describe the limitations and areas of opportunity for this immunotherapy and the current challenges of treating hematological and solid cancer using CAR-T technology as well as its constraints and engineering approaches. We summarize other immune cells that have been using CAR technology, such as natural killer (NK), macrophages (M), and dendritic cells (DC). We conclude that CAR-T cells have the potential to treat not only cancer but other chronic diseases. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms242115688 |
| format | Article |
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Nevertheless, new technologies in the immunotherapy field have emerged. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology is a novel biological form to treat cancer; CAR-T cell genetic engineering has positively revolutionized cancer immunotherapy. In this paper, we review the latest developments in CAR-T in cancer treatment. We present the structure of the different generations and variants of CAR-T cells including TRUCK (T cells redirected for universal cytokine killing. We explain the approaches of the CAR-T cells manufactured ex vivo and in vivo. Moreover, we describe the limitations and areas of opportunity for this immunotherapy and the current challenges of treating hematological and solid cancer using CAR-T technology as well as its constraints and engineering approaches. We summarize other immune cells that have been using CAR technology, such as natural killer (NK), macrophages (M), and dendritic cells (DC). We conclude that CAR-T cells have the potential to treat not only cancer but other chronic diseases.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115688</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Antigens ; Antimitotic agents ; Antineoplastic agents ; Cancer ; Cancer therapies ; Cells ; Chronic diseases ; Clinical trials ; Cytokines ; Dendritic cells ; FDA approval ; Genetic aspects ; Genetic engineering ; Genetically modified organisms ; Health aspects ; Hematology ; Immune system ; Immunotherapy ; Innovations ; Leukemia ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; Medical research ; Patients ; Signal transduction ; T cells ; Trucks ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2023-11, Vol.24 (21), p.15688</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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| subjects | Antigens Antimitotic agents Antineoplastic agents Cancer Cancer therapies Cells Chronic diseases Clinical trials Cytokines Dendritic cells FDA approval Genetic aspects Genetic engineering Genetically modified organisms Health aspects Hematology Immune system Immunotherapy Innovations Leukemia Lymphocytes Lymphoma Medical research Patients Signal transduction T cells Trucks Tumors |
| title | CAR-T Cell Therapy: From the Shop to Cancer Therapy |
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