A 30-year follow-up study in a former cadmium-polluted area of Japan: the relationship between cadmium exposure and β2-microglobulin in the urine of Japanese people
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant. Long-term exposure to Cd may lead to adverse health effects in humans. Our epidemiological studies showed that urinary Cd (U-Cd) concentrations increased from 2008 through 2014, although they decreased from 1986 through 2008. The aim of this study was to e...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2023-02, Vol.30 (9), p.23079-23085 |
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creator | Sun, Xian Liang Phuc, Hoang Duc Okamoto, Rie Kido, Teruhiko Oanh, Nguyen Thi Phuong Manh, Ho Dung Anh, Le Thai Ichimori, Akie Nogawa, Kazuhiro Suwazono, Yasushi Nakagawa, Hideaki |
description | Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant. Long-term exposure to Cd may lead to adverse health effects in humans. Our epidemiological studies showed that urinary Cd (U-Cd) concentrations increased from 2008 through 2014, although they decreased from 1986 through 2008. The aim of this study was to elucidate the long-term effects of the changing trend of cadmium exposure levels (U-Cd) on residents’ renal function within 30 years after Cd exposure ceased. In 2016, urine samples were collected from each subject by visiting 20 elderly Japanese people (9 females and 11 males) living in the Kakehashi River basin, a previously Cd-polluted area in Ishikawa, Japan. The geometric means of the β
2
-microglobulin (β
2
-MG) and urinary Cd (U-Cd) continued to increase from 2014 until 2016. Furthermore, Cd concentration and β
2
-MG in urine were still higher than those in the non-polluted areas in Japan. Multivariate linear regression was performed to associate β
2
-MG (dependent variable) and U-Cd with sex and age (independent variables). Significant correlations were found among age, U-Cd, and β
2
-MG, and these were clearer in females than in males. In summary, we propose that three decades after Cd exposure ceased, age is associated with β
2
-MG more strongly than Cd for bodily impact. Moreover, renal tubular dysfunction is irreversible and worsens after exposure to Cd, with females being more sensitive to exposure. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-022-23818-8 |
format | Article |
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2
-microglobulin (β
2
-MG) and urinary Cd (U-Cd) continued to increase from 2014 until 2016. Furthermore, Cd concentration and β
2
-MG in urine were still higher than those in the non-polluted areas in Japan. Multivariate linear regression was performed to associate β
2
-MG (dependent variable) and U-Cd with sex and age (independent variables). Significant correlations were found among age, U-Cd, and β
2
-MG, and these were clearer in females than in males. In summary, we propose that three decades after Cd exposure ceased, age is associated with β
2
-MG more strongly than Cd for bodily impact. Moreover, renal tubular dysfunction is irreversible and worsens after exposure to Cd, with females being more sensitive to exposure.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23818-8</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aquatic Pollution ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; cadmium ; chronic exposure ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; elderly ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; geometry ; Japan ; Japanese people ; pollutants ; regression analysis ; renal function ; Research Article ; urine ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control ; watersheds</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2023-02, Vol.30 (9), p.23079-23085</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c423t-a476283996c911db74a6f6958a086a3d499b55814fde0539f84a3db936cf47993</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c423t-a476283996c911db74a6f6958a086a3d499b55814fde0539f84a3db936cf47993</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-022-23818-8$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-022-23818-8$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sun, Xian Liang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phuc, Hoang Duc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okamoto, Rie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kido, Teruhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oanh, Nguyen Thi Phuong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Manh, Ho Dung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anh, Le Thai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ichimori, Akie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nogawa, Kazuhiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suwazono, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakagawa, Hideaki</creatorcontrib><title>A 30-year follow-up study in a former cadmium-polluted area of Japan: the relationship between cadmium exposure and β2-microglobulin in the urine of Japanese people</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><description>Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant. Long-term exposure to Cd may lead to adverse health effects in humans. Our epidemiological studies showed that urinary Cd (U-Cd) concentrations increased from 2008 through 2014, although they decreased from 1986 through 2008. The aim of this study was to elucidate the long-term effects of the changing trend of cadmium exposure levels (U-Cd) on residents’ renal function within 30 years after Cd exposure ceased. In 2016, urine samples were collected from each subject by visiting 20 elderly Japanese people (9 females and 11 males) living in the Kakehashi River basin, a previously Cd-polluted area in Ishikawa, Japan. The geometric means of the β
2
-microglobulin (β
2
-MG) and urinary Cd (U-Cd) continued to increase from 2014 until 2016. Furthermore, Cd concentration and β
2
-MG in urine were still higher than those in the non-polluted areas in Japan. Multivariate linear regression was performed to associate β
2
-MG (dependent variable) and U-Cd with sex and age (independent variables). Significant correlations were found among age, U-Cd, and β
2
-MG, and these were clearer in females than in males. In summary, we propose that three decades after Cd exposure ceased, age is associated with β
2
-MG more strongly than Cd for bodily impact. Moreover, renal tubular dysfunction is irreversible and worsens after exposure to Cd, with females being more sensitive to exposure.</description><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>cadmium</subject><subject>chronic exposure</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>elderly</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>geometry</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Japanese people</subject><subject>pollutants</subject><subject>regression analysis</subject><subject>renal function</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>urine</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><subject>watersheds</subject><issn>1614-7499</issn><issn>1614-7499</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9UctKxTAQLaKgXv0BV1m6iebRpok7EZ8IbnQd0naqlbSJSYPeD_IH_BC_yehVcSUMzDCcc2YOpyj2KDmghNSHkVJeCUwYw4xLKrFcK7aooCWuS6XW_8ybxXaMj4Qwoli9VbweI07wEkxAvbPWPePkUZxTt0TDhExehhECak03DmnEPmPSDB0yAQxyPboy3kxHaH4AFMCaeXBTfBg8amB-Bph-iAhevIspADJTh97fGB6HNrh765pk86FcnxIpDBP8ykIE5MF5CzvFRm9shN3vvijuzk5vTy7w9c355cnxNW5LxmdsylowyZUSraK0a-rSiF6oShoiheFdtt9UlaRl3wGpuOplmbeN4qLty1opvij2V7o-uKcEcdbjEFuwNj_jUtRMylpQSmqeoWwFzTZiDNBrH4bRhKWmRH9moleZ6JyJ_spEy0ziK1LM4Okegn50KUzZ0n-sDxeIkZo</recordid><startdate>20230201</startdate><enddate>20230201</enddate><creator>Sun, Xian Liang</creator><creator>Phuc, Hoang Duc</creator><creator>Okamoto, Rie</creator><creator>Kido, Teruhiko</creator><creator>Oanh, Nguyen Thi Phuong</creator><creator>Manh, Ho Dung</creator><creator>Anh, Le Thai</creator><creator>Ichimori, Akie</creator><creator>Nogawa, Kazuhiro</creator><creator>Suwazono, Yasushi</creator><creator>Nakagawa, Hideaki</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230201</creationdate><title>A 30-year follow-up study in a former cadmium-polluted area of Japan: the relationship between cadmium exposure and β2-microglobulin in the urine of Japanese people</title><author>Sun, Xian Liang ; Phuc, Hoang Duc ; Okamoto, Rie ; Kido, Teruhiko ; Oanh, Nguyen Thi Phuong ; Manh, Ho Dung ; Anh, Le Thai ; Ichimori, Akie ; Nogawa, Kazuhiro ; Suwazono, Yasushi ; Nakagawa, Hideaki</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c423t-a476283996c911db74a6f6958a086a3d499b55814fde0539f84a3db936cf47993</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>cadmium</topic><topic>chronic exposure</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>elderly</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>geometry</topic><topic>Japan</topic><topic>Japanese people</topic><topic>pollutants</topic><topic>regression analysis</topic><topic>renal function</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>urine</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><topic>watersheds</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sun, Xian Liang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phuc, Hoang Duc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okamoto, Rie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kido, Teruhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oanh, Nguyen Thi Phuong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Manh, Ho Dung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anh, Le Thai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ichimori, Akie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nogawa, Kazuhiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suwazono, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakagawa, Hideaki</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sun, Xian Liang</au><au>Phuc, Hoang Duc</au><au>Okamoto, Rie</au><au>Kido, Teruhiko</au><au>Oanh, Nguyen Thi Phuong</au><au>Manh, Ho Dung</au><au>Anh, Le Thai</au><au>Ichimori, Akie</au><au>Nogawa, Kazuhiro</au><au>Suwazono, Yasushi</au><au>Nakagawa, Hideaki</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A 30-year follow-up study in a former cadmium-polluted area of Japan: the relationship between cadmium exposure and β2-microglobulin in the urine of Japanese people</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><date>2023-02-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>30</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>23079</spage><epage>23085</epage><pages>23079-23085</pages><issn>1614-7499</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant. Long-term exposure to Cd may lead to adverse health effects in humans. Our epidemiological studies showed that urinary Cd (U-Cd) concentrations increased from 2008 through 2014, although they decreased from 1986 through 2008. The aim of this study was to elucidate the long-term effects of the changing trend of cadmium exposure levels (U-Cd) on residents’ renal function within 30 years after Cd exposure ceased. In 2016, urine samples were collected from each subject by visiting 20 elderly Japanese people (9 females and 11 males) living in the Kakehashi River basin, a previously Cd-polluted area in Ishikawa, Japan. The geometric means of the β
2
-microglobulin (β
2
-MG) and urinary Cd (U-Cd) continued to increase from 2014 until 2016. Furthermore, Cd concentration and β
2
-MG in urine were still higher than those in the non-polluted areas in Japan. Multivariate linear regression was performed to associate β
2
-MG (dependent variable) and U-Cd with sex and age (independent variables). Significant correlations were found among age, U-Cd, and β
2
-MG, and these were clearer in females than in males. In summary, we propose that three decades after Cd exposure ceased, age is associated with β
2
-MG more strongly than Cd for bodily impact. Moreover, renal tubular dysfunction is irreversible and worsens after exposure to Cd, with females being more sensitive to exposure.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s11356-022-23818-8</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution cadmium chronic exposure Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology elderly Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health geometry Japan Japanese people pollutants regression analysis renal function Research Article urine Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control watersheds |
title | A 30-year follow-up study in a former cadmium-polluted area of Japan: the relationship between cadmium exposure and β2-microglobulin in the urine of Japanese people |
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