Comparison of cone‐beam and fan‐beam computed tomography and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging for detection of palmar/plantar osteochondral disease in Thoroughbred horses
Background Palmar/plantar osteochondral disease (POD) of the metacarpal/tarsal condyles is a common pathological finding in racehorses. Objective To compare diagnoses, imaging details, and measurements of POD lesions between cone‐beam computed tomography CT (CBCT), fan‐beam CT (FBCT), and low‐field...
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| description | Background
Palmar/plantar osteochondral disease (POD) of the metacarpal/tarsal condyles is a common pathological finding in racehorses.
Objective
To compare diagnoses, imaging details, and measurements of POD lesions between cone‐beam computed tomography CT (CBCT), fan‐beam CT (FBCT), and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using macroscopic pathology as a gold standard.
Study design
Cross‐sectional study.
Methods
Thirty‐five cadaver limbs from 10 horses underwent CBCT, FBCT, MRI, and macroscopic examination. CT and MR images were examined for presence of POD, imaging details of POD, and measurements of POD dimensions and areas. Imaging diagnoses, details, and measurements were compared with macroscopic examination and between modalities.
Results
Forty‐eight POD lesions were seen over 70 condyles. Compared with macroscopic examination the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis were 95.8% (CI95 = 88%–99%) and 63.6% (CI95 = 43%–81%) for FBCT, 85.4% (CI95 = 74%–94%) and 81.8% (CI95 = 63%–94%) for CBCT, and 69.0% (CI95 = 54%–82%) and 71.4% (CI95 = 46%–90%) for MRI. Inter‐modality agreement on diagnosis was moderate between CBCT and FBCT (κ = 0.56, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/evj.14023 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2886938356</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2886938356</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-6a6f59b3b8b9243cb157347cc2e85e4cfd8888cf1fb72927b406502d7f7048453</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kUtuFDEQhi0EIkNgwQWQJTaw6Ixf_VqiUXgpEpvAtuVHeaZH3XZjdxPNjiNwGE7ESSjSCQskvHHZ-vxVyT8hzzm74Li28O14wRUT8gHZCKZEISWrHpINlmXBK6XOyJOcj4xJKZR4TM5k3UpeCb4hP3dxnHTqcww0empjgF_ffxjQI9XBUa_D_dEiuMzg6BzHuE96OpxukSHeIOJ7GBwd9T7A3FuaAIU6WKA93vVhT31M1MEMdu7XVpMeRp2206DDrBONeYZoDzG4pAfq-gw64-tArw8xxWV_MAl7Y50hPyWPvB4yPLvbz8nnt5fXu_fF1ad3H3Zvrgorm0YWla582RppGtMKJa3hZS1Vba2ApgRlvWtwWc-9qUUraqNYVTLhal8z1ahSnpNXq3dK8esCee7GPlsYcGSIS-5E01StbGRZIfryH_QYlxRwuk6ylqGv5Aqp1ytlU8w5ge-mhB-UTh1n3Z8oO4yyu40S2Rd3xsWM4P6S99khsF2Bm36A0_9N3eWXj6vyN9qLriQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3090048514</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Comparison of cone‐beam and fan‐beam computed tomography and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging for detection of palmar/plantar osteochondral disease in Thoroughbred horses</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><creator>Lin, Szu‐Ting ; Bolas, Nicholas M. ; Peter, Vanessa G. ; Pokora, Rachel ; Patrick, Hayley ; Foote, Alastair K. ; Sargan, David R. ; Murray, Rachel C.</creator><creatorcontrib>Lin, Szu‐Ting ; Bolas, Nicholas M. ; Peter, Vanessa G. ; Pokora, Rachel ; Patrick, Hayley ; Foote, Alastair K. ; Sargan, David R. ; Murray, Rachel C.</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[Background
Palmar/plantar osteochondral disease (POD) of the metacarpal/tarsal condyles is a common pathological finding in racehorses.
Objective
To compare diagnoses, imaging details, and measurements of POD lesions between cone‐beam computed tomography CT (CBCT), fan‐beam CT (FBCT), and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using macroscopic pathology as a gold standard.
Study design
Cross‐sectional study.
Methods
Thirty‐five cadaver limbs from 10 horses underwent CBCT, FBCT, MRI, and macroscopic examination. CT and MR images were examined for presence of POD, imaging details of POD, and measurements of POD dimensions and areas. Imaging diagnoses, details, and measurements were compared with macroscopic examination and between modalities.
Results
Forty‐eight POD lesions were seen over 70 condyles. Compared with macroscopic examination the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis were 95.8% (CI95 = 88%–99%) and 63.6% (CI95 = 43%–81%) for FBCT, 85.4% (CI95 = 74%–94%) and 81.8% (CI95 = 63%–94%) for CBCT, and 69.0% (CI95 = 54%–82%) and 71.4% (CI95 = 46%–90%) for MRI. Inter‐modality agreement on diagnosis was moderate between CBCT and FBCT (κ = 0.56, p < 0.001). POD was identified on CT as hypoattenuating lesions with surrounding hyperattenuation and on MRI as either T1W, T2*W, T2W, and STIR hyperintense lesions or T1W and T2*W heterogeneous hypointense lesions with surrounding hypointensity. Agreement on imaging details between CBCT and FBCT was substantial for subchondral irregularity (κ = 0.61, p < 0.001). Macroscopic POD width strongly correlated with MRI (r = 0.81, p < 0.001) and CBCT (r = 0.79, p < 0.001) and moderately correlated with FBCT (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). Macroscopic POD width was greater than all imaging modality (p < 0.001).
Main limitations
Effect of motion artefact in live horse imaging could not be assessed.
Conclusions
All imaging modalities were able to detect POD lesions, but underestimated lesion size. The CT systems were more sensitive, but the differing patterns of signal intensity may suggest that MRI can detect changes associated with POD pathological status or severity. The image features observed by CBCT and FBCT were similar.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die palmar/plantare osteochondrale Erkrankung (POD) der metakarpalen/tarsalen Kondylen ist ein häufiger pathologischer Befund bei Rennpferden.
Ziele
Vergleich von Diagnosen, Bildgebungsdetails und Messungen von POD‐Läsionen zwischen Cone‐Beam‐Computertomographie (CBCT), Fan‐Beam‐CT (FBCT) und Low‐Field‐Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) unter Verwendung der makroskopischen Pathologie als Goldstandard.
Studiendesign
Querschnittsstudie.
Methoden
Fünfunddreißig Kadavergliedmaßen von 10 Pferden wurden einer CBCT‐, FBCT‐, MRT‐ und makroskopischen Untersuchung unterzogen. CT‐ und MR‐Bilder wurden auf das Vorhandensein von POD, bildgebende Details von POD und Messungen der POD‐Abmessungen und ‐Flächen untersucht. Bildgebende Diagnosen, Details und Messungen wurden mit makroskopischen Untersuchungen und zwischen verschiedenen Modalitäten verglichen.
Ergebnisse
Achtundvierzig POD‐Läsionen wurden an siebzig Kondylen festgestellt. Im Vergleich zur makroskopischen Untersuchung betrugen die Sensitivität und Spezifität der Diagnose 95,8% (CI95=88‐99%) und 63,6% (CI95=43‐81%) für das FBCT, 85,4% (CI95=74‐94%) und 81,8% (CI95=63‐94%) für das CBCT und 69,0% (CI95=54‐82%) und 71,4% (CI95=46‐90%) für die MRT. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen CBCT und FBCT bei der Diagnose war mäßig (κ=0,56, p<0,001). Die POD wurde im CT als hypoabschwächende Läsionen mit umliegender Hyperabschwächung und im MRT entweder als T1W‐, T2*W‐, T2W‐ und STIR‐hyperintense Läsionen oder als T1W‐ und T2*W‐heterogene hypointense Läsionen mit umliegender Hypointensität identifiziert. Die Übereinstimmung der Bildgebungsdetails zwischen CBCT und FBCT war bei subchondralen Unregelmäßigkeiten erheblich (κ=0,61, p<0,001). Die makroskopische POD‐Breite korrelierte stark mit MRT (r=0,81, p<0,001) und CBCT (r=0,79, p<0,001) und mäßig mit FBCT (r=0,69, p<0,001). Die makroskopische POD‐Breite war größer als bei allen Bildgebungsmodalitäten (p<0,001).
Hauptlimitationen
Die Auswirkungen von Bewegungsartefakten bei der Bildgebung von lebenden Pferden konnten nicht bewertet werden.
Schlußfolgerungen
Alle bildgebenden Verfahren waren in der Lage, POD‐Läsionen zu erkennen, unterschätzten jedoch die Größe der Läsionen. Die CT‐Systeme waren empfindlicher, aber die unterschiedlichen Muster der Signalintensität könnten darauf hindeuten, dass die MRT Veränderungen erkennen kann, die mit dem pathologischen Status oder Schweregrad der POD zusammenhängen. Die mit CBCT und FBCT beobachteten Bildmerkmale waren ähnlich.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0425-1644</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2042-3306</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2042-3306</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/evj.14023</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37931621</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Cadaver ; computed tomography ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography - veterinary ; cone‐beam ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; fetlock ; Forelimb - diagnostic imaging ; horse ; Horse Diseases - diagnostic imaging ; Horse Diseases - pathology ; Horses ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary ; Male ; palmar osteochondral disease ; Tomography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - veterinary</subject><ispartof>Equine veterinary journal, 2024-09, Vol.56 (5), p.999-1007</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.</rights><rights>2023 The Authors. Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.</rights><rights>2023. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-6a6f59b3b8b9243cb157347cc2e85e4cfd8888cf1fb72927b406502d7f7048453</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-6a6f59b3b8b9243cb157347cc2e85e4cfd8888cf1fb72927b406502d7f7048453</cites><orcidid>0009-0008-6048-1092</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fevj.14023$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fevj.14023$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,1418,27929,27930,45579,45580</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37931621$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lin, Szu‐Ting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolas, Nicholas M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peter, Vanessa G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pokora, Rachel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patrick, Hayley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foote, Alastair K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sargan, David R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murray, Rachel C.</creatorcontrib><title>Comparison of cone‐beam and fan‐beam computed tomography and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging for detection of palmar/plantar osteochondral disease in Thoroughbred horses</title><title>Equine veterinary journal</title><addtitle>Equine Vet J</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Background
Palmar/plantar osteochondral disease (POD) of the metacarpal/tarsal condyles is a common pathological finding in racehorses.
Objective
To compare diagnoses, imaging details, and measurements of POD lesions between cone‐beam computed tomography CT (CBCT), fan‐beam CT (FBCT), and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using macroscopic pathology as a gold standard.
Study design
Cross‐sectional study.
Methods
Thirty‐five cadaver limbs from 10 horses underwent CBCT, FBCT, MRI, and macroscopic examination. CT and MR images were examined for presence of POD, imaging details of POD, and measurements of POD dimensions and areas. Imaging diagnoses, details, and measurements were compared with macroscopic examination and between modalities.
Results
Forty‐eight POD lesions were seen over 70 condyles. Compared with macroscopic examination the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis were 95.8% (CI95 = 88%–99%) and 63.6% (CI95 = 43%–81%) for FBCT, 85.4% (CI95 = 74%–94%) and 81.8% (CI95 = 63%–94%) for CBCT, and 69.0% (CI95 = 54%–82%) and 71.4% (CI95 = 46%–90%) for MRI. Inter‐modality agreement on diagnosis was moderate between CBCT and FBCT (κ = 0.56, p < 0.001). POD was identified on CT as hypoattenuating lesions with surrounding hyperattenuation and on MRI as either T1W, T2*W, T2W, and STIR hyperintense lesions or T1W and T2*W heterogeneous hypointense lesions with surrounding hypointensity. Agreement on imaging details between CBCT and FBCT was substantial for subchondral irregularity (κ = 0.61, p < 0.001). Macroscopic POD width strongly correlated with MRI (r = 0.81, p < 0.001) and CBCT (r = 0.79, p < 0.001) and moderately correlated with FBCT (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). Macroscopic POD width was greater than all imaging modality (p < 0.001).
Main limitations
Effect of motion artefact in live horse imaging could not be assessed.
Conclusions
All imaging modalities were able to detect POD lesions, but underestimated lesion size. The CT systems were more sensitive, but the differing patterns of signal intensity may suggest that MRI can detect changes associated with POD pathological status or severity. The image features observed by CBCT and FBCT were similar.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die palmar/plantare osteochondrale Erkrankung (POD) der metakarpalen/tarsalen Kondylen ist ein häufiger pathologischer Befund bei Rennpferden.
Ziele
Vergleich von Diagnosen, Bildgebungsdetails und Messungen von POD‐Läsionen zwischen Cone‐Beam‐Computertomographie (CBCT), Fan‐Beam‐CT (FBCT) und Low‐Field‐Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) unter Verwendung der makroskopischen Pathologie als Goldstandard.
Studiendesign
Querschnittsstudie.
Methoden
Fünfunddreißig Kadavergliedmaßen von 10 Pferden wurden einer CBCT‐, FBCT‐, MRT‐ und makroskopischen Untersuchung unterzogen. CT‐ und MR‐Bilder wurden auf das Vorhandensein von POD, bildgebende Details von POD und Messungen der POD‐Abmessungen und ‐Flächen untersucht. Bildgebende Diagnosen, Details und Messungen wurden mit makroskopischen Untersuchungen und zwischen verschiedenen Modalitäten verglichen.
Ergebnisse
Achtundvierzig POD‐Läsionen wurden an siebzig Kondylen festgestellt. Im Vergleich zur makroskopischen Untersuchung betrugen die Sensitivität und Spezifität der Diagnose 95,8% (CI95=88‐99%) und 63,6% (CI95=43‐81%) für das FBCT, 85,4% (CI95=74‐94%) und 81,8% (CI95=63‐94%) für das CBCT und 69,0% (CI95=54‐82%) und 71,4% (CI95=46‐90%) für die MRT. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen CBCT und FBCT bei der Diagnose war mäßig (κ=0,56, p<0,001). Die POD wurde im CT als hypoabschwächende Läsionen mit umliegender Hyperabschwächung und im MRT entweder als T1W‐, T2*W‐, T2W‐ und STIR‐hyperintense Läsionen oder als T1W‐ und T2*W‐heterogene hypointense Läsionen mit umliegender Hypointensität identifiziert. Die Übereinstimmung der Bildgebungsdetails zwischen CBCT und FBCT war bei subchondralen Unregelmäßigkeiten erheblich (κ=0,61, p<0,001). Die makroskopische POD‐Breite korrelierte stark mit MRT (r=0,81, p<0,001) und CBCT (r=0,79, p<0,001) und mäßig mit FBCT (r=0,69, p<0,001). Die makroskopische POD‐Breite war größer als bei allen Bildgebungsmodalitäten (p<0,001).
Hauptlimitationen
Die Auswirkungen von Bewegungsartefakten bei der Bildgebung von lebenden Pferden konnten nicht bewertet werden.
Schlußfolgerungen
Alle bildgebenden Verfahren waren in der Lage, POD‐Läsionen zu erkennen, unterschätzten jedoch die Größe der Läsionen. Die CT‐Systeme waren empfindlicher, aber die unterschiedlichen Muster der Signalintensität könnten darauf hindeuten, dass die MRT Veränderungen erkennen kann, die mit dem pathologischen Status oder Schweregrad der POD zusammenhängen. Die mit CBCT und FBCT beobachteten Bildmerkmale waren ähnlich.]]></description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Cadaver</subject><subject>computed tomography</subject><subject>Cone-Beam Computed Tomography - veterinary</subject><subject>cone‐beam</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>fetlock</subject><subject>Forelimb - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>horse</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - pathology</subject><subject>Horses</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>palmar osteochondral disease</subject><subject>Tomography</subject><subject>Tomography, X-Ray Computed - veterinary</subject><issn>0425-1644</issn><issn>2042-3306</issn><issn>2042-3306</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kUtuFDEQhi0EIkNgwQWQJTaw6Ixf_VqiUXgpEpvAtuVHeaZH3XZjdxPNjiNwGE7ESSjSCQskvHHZ-vxVyT8hzzm74Li28O14wRUT8gHZCKZEISWrHpINlmXBK6XOyJOcj4xJKZR4TM5k3UpeCb4hP3dxnHTqcww0empjgF_ffxjQI9XBUa_D_dEiuMzg6BzHuE96OpxukSHeIOJ7GBwd9T7A3FuaAIU6WKA93vVhT31M1MEMdu7XVpMeRp2206DDrBONeYZoDzG4pAfq-gw64-tArw8xxWV_MAl7Y50hPyWPvB4yPLvbz8nnt5fXu_fF1ad3H3Zvrgorm0YWla582RppGtMKJa3hZS1Vba2ApgRlvWtwWc-9qUUraqNYVTLhal8z1ahSnpNXq3dK8esCee7GPlsYcGSIS-5E01StbGRZIfryH_QYlxRwuk6ylqGv5Aqp1ytlU8w5ge-mhB-UTh1n3Z8oO4yyu40S2Rd3xsWM4P6S99khsF2Bm36A0_9N3eWXj6vyN9qLriQ</recordid><startdate>202409</startdate><enddate>202409</enddate><creator>Lin, Szu‐Ting</creator><creator>Bolas, Nicholas M.</creator><creator>Peter, Vanessa G.</creator><creator>Pokora, Rachel</creator><creator>Patrick, Hayley</creator><creator>Foote, Alastair K.</creator><creator>Sargan, David R.</creator><creator>Murray, Rachel C.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6048-1092</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202409</creationdate><title>Comparison of cone‐beam and fan‐beam computed tomography and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging for detection of palmar/plantar osteochondral disease in Thoroughbred horses</title><author>Lin, Szu‐Ting ; Bolas, Nicholas M. ; Peter, Vanessa G. ; Pokora, Rachel ; Patrick, Hayley ; Foote, Alastair K. ; Sargan, David R. ; Murray, Rachel C.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-6a6f59b3b8b9243cb157347cc2e85e4cfd8888cf1fb72927b406502d7f7048453</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Cadaver</topic><topic>computed tomography</topic><topic>Cone-Beam Computed Tomography - veterinary</topic><topic>cone‐beam</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>fetlock</topic><topic>Forelimb - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>horse</topic><topic>Horse Diseases - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Horse Diseases - pathology</topic><topic>Horses</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>palmar osteochondral disease</topic><topic>Tomography</topic><topic>Tomography, X-Ray Computed - veterinary</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lin, Szu‐Ting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolas, Nicholas M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peter, Vanessa G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pokora, Rachel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patrick, Hayley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foote, Alastair K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sargan, David R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murray, Rachel C.</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Equine veterinary journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lin, Szu‐Ting</au><au>Bolas, Nicholas M.</au><au>Peter, Vanessa G.</au><au>Pokora, Rachel</au><au>Patrick, Hayley</au><au>Foote, Alastair K.</au><au>Sargan, David R.</au><au>Murray, Rachel C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparison of cone‐beam and fan‐beam computed tomography and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging for detection of palmar/plantar osteochondral disease in Thoroughbred horses</atitle><jtitle>Equine veterinary journal</jtitle><addtitle>Equine Vet J</addtitle><date>2024-09</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>999</spage><epage>1007</epage><pages>999-1007</pages><issn>0425-1644</issn><issn>2042-3306</issn><eissn>2042-3306</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Background
Palmar/plantar osteochondral disease (POD) of the metacarpal/tarsal condyles is a common pathological finding in racehorses.
Objective
To compare diagnoses, imaging details, and measurements of POD lesions between cone‐beam computed tomography CT (CBCT), fan‐beam CT (FBCT), and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using macroscopic pathology as a gold standard.
Study design
Cross‐sectional study.
Methods
Thirty‐five cadaver limbs from 10 horses underwent CBCT, FBCT, MRI, and macroscopic examination. CT and MR images were examined for presence of POD, imaging details of POD, and measurements of POD dimensions and areas. Imaging diagnoses, details, and measurements were compared with macroscopic examination and between modalities.
Results
Forty‐eight POD lesions were seen over 70 condyles. Compared with macroscopic examination the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis were 95.8% (CI95 = 88%–99%) and 63.6% (CI95 = 43%–81%) for FBCT, 85.4% (CI95 = 74%–94%) and 81.8% (CI95 = 63%–94%) for CBCT, and 69.0% (CI95 = 54%–82%) and 71.4% (CI95 = 46%–90%) for MRI. Inter‐modality agreement on diagnosis was moderate between CBCT and FBCT (κ = 0.56, p < 0.001). POD was identified on CT as hypoattenuating lesions with surrounding hyperattenuation and on MRI as either T1W, T2*W, T2W, and STIR hyperintense lesions or T1W and T2*W heterogeneous hypointense lesions with surrounding hypointensity. Agreement on imaging details between CBCT and FBCT was substantial for subchondral irregularity (κ = 0.61, p < 0.001). Macroscopic POD width strongly correlated with MRI (r = 0.81, p < 0.001) and CBCT (r = 0.79, p < 0.001) and moderately correlated with FBCT (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). Macroscopic POD width was greater than all imaging modality (p < 0.001).
Main limitations
Effect of motion artefact in live horse imaging could not be assessed.
Conclusions
All imaging modalities were able to detect POD lesions, but underestimated lesion size. The CT systems were more sensitive, but the differing patterns of signal intensity may suggest that MRI can detect changes associated with POD pathological status or severity. The image features observed by CBCT and FBCT were similar.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die palmar/plantare osteochondrale Erkrankung (POD) der metakarpalen/tarsalen Kondylen ist ein häufiger pathologischer Befund bei Rennpferden.
Ziele
Vergleich von Diagnosen, Bildgebungsdetails und Messungen von POD‐Läsionen zwischen Cone‐Beam‐Computertomographie (CBCT), Fan‐Beam‐CT (FBCT) und Low‐Field‐Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) unter Verwendung der makroskopischen Pathologie als Goldstandard.
Studiendesign
Querschnittsstudie.
Methoden
Fünfunddreißig Kadavergliedmaßen von 10 Pferden wurden einer CBCT‐, FBCT‐, MRT‐ und makroskopischen Untersuchung unterzogen. CT‐ und MR‐Bilder wurden auf das Vorhandensein von POD, bildgebende Details von POD und Messungen der POD‐Abmessungen und ‐Flächen untersucht. Bildgebende Diagnosen, Details und Messungen wurden mit makroskopischen Untersuchungen und zwischen verschiedenen Modalitäten verglichen.
Ergebnisse
Achtundvierzig POD‐Läsionen wurden an siebzig Kondylen festgestellt. Im Vergleich zur makroskopischen Untersuchung betrugen die Sensitivität und Spezifität der Diagnose 95,8% (CI95=88‐99%) und 63,6% (CI95=43‐81%) für das FBCT, 85,4% (CI95=74‐94%) und 81,8% (CI95=63‐94%) für das CBCT und 69,0% (CI95=54‐82%) und 71,4% (CI95=46‐90%) für die MRT. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen CBCT und FBCT bei der Diagnose war mäßig (κ=0,56, p<0,001). Die POD wurde im CT als hypoabschwächende Läsionen mit umliegender Hyperabschwächung und im MRT entweder als T1W‐, T2*W‐, T2W‐ und STIR‐hyperintense Läsionen oder als T1W‐ und T2*W‐heterogene hypointense Läsionen mit umliegender Hypointensität identifiziert. Die Übereinstimmung der Bildgebungsdetails zwischen CBCT und FBCT war bei subchondralen Unregelmäßigkeiten erheblich (κ=0,61, p<0,001). Die makroskopische POD‐Breite korrelierte stark mit MRT (r=0,81, p<0,001) und CBCT (r=0,79, p<0,001) und mäßig mit FBCT (r=0,69, p<0,001). Die makroskopische POD‐Breite war größer als bei allen Bildgebungsmodalitäten (p<0,001).
Hauptlimitationen
Die Auswirkungen von Bewegungsartefakten bei der Bildgebung von lebenden Pferden konnten nicht bewertet werden.
Schlußfolgerungen
Alle bildgebenden Verfahren waren in der Lage, POD‐Läsionen zu erkennen, unterschätzten jedoch die Größe der Läsionen. Die CT‐Systeme waren empfindlicher, aber die unterschiedlichen Muster der Signalintensität könnten darauf hindeuten, dass die MRT Veränderungen erkennen kann, die mit dem pathologischen Status oder Schweregrad der POD zusammenhängen. Die mit CBCT und FBCT beobachteten Bildmerkmale waren ähnlich.]]></abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>37931621</pmid><doi>10.1111/evj.14023</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6048-1092</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0425-1644 |
| ispartof | Equine veterinary journal, 2024-09, Vol.56 (5), p.999-1007 |
| issn | 0425-1644 2042-3306 2042-3306 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2886938356 |
| source | MEDLINE; Access via Wiley Online Library |
| subjects | Animals Cadaver computed tomography Cone-Beam Computed Tomography - veterinary cone‐beam Cross-Sectional Studies Female fetlock Forelimb - diagnostic imaging horse Horse Diseases - diagnostic imaging Horse Diseases - pathology Horses Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging - veterinary Male palmar osteochondral disease Tomography Tomography, X-Ray Computed - veterinary |
| title | Comparison of cone‐beam and fan‐beam computed tomography and low‐field magnetic resonance imaging for detection of palmar/plantar osteochondral disease in Thoroughbred horses |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-15T02%3A38%3A51IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Comparison%20of%20cone%E2%80%90beam%20and%20fan%E2%80%90beam%20computed%20tomography%20and%20low%E2%80%90field%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging%20for%20detection%20of%20palmar/plantar%20osteochondral%20disease%20in%20Thoroughbred%20horses&rft.jtitle=Equine%20veterinary%20journal&rft.au=Lin,%20Szu%E2%80%90Ting&rft.date=2024-09&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=999&rft.epage=1007&rft.pages=999-1007&rft.issn=0425-1644&rft.eissn=2042-3306&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/evj.14023&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2886938356%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3090048514&rft_id=info:pmid/37931621&rfr_iscdi=true |