Essential Oils of the Leaves of Epaltes australis Less. and Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr.: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anti‐inflammatory, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, and Molecular Docking Studies
Epaltes australis Less. has been traditionally used to treat fever and snake bites, whereas Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr. is well‐known for addressing colds, chest pain, indigestion, and worm infestations. This study marks the first report on the chemical compositions and biological potentials of ess...
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| creator | Pham, Ty Viet Huu Cuong, Le Hong Ha, Tran Thi Dinh Luyen, Nguyen Xuan Ha, Nguyen Hoang, Thao Xuan Thanh Hao, Nguyen Huy Gioi, Dong Thu Thuy, Ta Thi The Son, Ninh |
| description | Epaltes australis Less. has been traditionally used to treat fever and snake bites, whereas Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr. is well‐known for addressing colds, chest pain, indigestion, and worm infestations. This study marks the first report on the chemical compositions and biological potentials of essential oils extracted from the leaves of Epaltes australis and Lindera myrrha. Essential oils obtained by hydro‐distillation were analysed using the GC/MS (gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry). E. australis exhibited a predominant presence of non‐terpenic compounds (46.3 %), with thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether as the major compound, constituting 44.2 % of the oil. L. myrrha leaf oil contained a good proportion of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (56.8 %), with principal compounds including (E)‐caryophyllene (22.2 %), ledene (9.7 %), selina‐1,3,7(11)‐trien‐8‐one (9.6 %), and α‐pinene (7.0 %). Both essential oils exhibited antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium sporogenes, and Escherichia coli, and the fungus Aspergillus brasiliensis. L. myrrha leaf essential oil exhibited potent control over the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a MIC of 32 μg/mL. Additionally, L. myrrha leaf oil showed strong anti‐inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 15.20 μg/mL by inhibiting NO (nitric oxide) production in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)‐stimulated RAW2647 murine macrophage cells. Regarding anti‐tyrosinase activity, E. australis leaf oil showed the best monophenolase inhibition with the IC50 of 245.59 μg/mL, while L. myrrha leaf oil successfully inhibited diphenolase with the IC50 of 152.88 μg/mL. From molecular docking study, selina‐1,3,7(11)‐trien‐8‐one showed the highest affinity for both COX‐2 (cyclooxygenase‐2) and TNF‐α (tumor necrosis factor‐α) receptors. Hydrophobic interactions play a great role in the bindings of ligand‐receptor complexes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/cbdv.202301192 |
| format | Article |
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Merr.: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anti‐inflammatory, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, and Molecular Docking Studies</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Pham, Ty Viet ; Huu Cuong, Le ; Hong Ha, Tran Thi ; Dinh Luyen, Nguyen ; Xuan Ha, Nguyen ; Hoang, Thao Xuan ; Thanh Hao, Nguyen ; Huy Gioi, Dong ; Thu Thuy, Ta Thi ; The Son, Ninh</creator><creatorcontrib>Pham, Ty Viet ; Huu Cuong, Le ; Hong Ha, Tran Thi ; Dinh Luyen, Nguyen ; Xuan Ha, Nguyen ; Hoang, Thao Xuan ; Thanh Hao, Nguyen ; Huy Gioi, Dong ; Thu Thuy, Ta Thi ; The Son, Ninh</creatorcontrib><description>Epaltes australis Less. has been traditionally used to treat fever and snake bites, whereas Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr. is well‐known for addressing colds, chest pain, indigestion, and worm infestations. This study marks the first report on the chemical compositions and biological potentials of essential oils extracted from the leaves of Epaltes australis and Lindera myrrha. Essential oils obtained by hydro‐distillation were analysed using the GC/MS (gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry). E. australis exhibited a predominant presence of non‐terpenic compounds (46.3 %), with thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether as the major compound, constituting 44.2 % of the oil. L. myrrha leaf oil contained a good proportion of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (56.8 %), with principal compounds including (E)‐caryophyllene (22.2 %), ledene (9.7 %), selina‐1,3,7(11)‐trien‐8‐one (9.6 %), and α‐pinene (7.0 %). Both essential oils exhibited antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium sporogenes, and Escherichia coli, and the fungus Aspergillus brasiliensis. L. myrrha leaf essential oil exhibited potent control over the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a MIC of 32 μg/mL. Additionally, L. myrrha leaf oil showed strong anti‐inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 15.20 μg/mL by inhibiting NO (nitric oxide) production in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)‐stimulated RAW2647 murine macrophage cells. Regarding anti‐tyrosinase activity, E. australis leaf oil showed the best monophenolase inhibition with the IC50 of 245.59 μg/mL, while L. myrrha leaf oil successfully inhibited diphenolase with the IC50 of 152.88 μg/mL. From molecular docking study, selina‐1,3,7(11)‐trien‐8‐one showed the highest affinity for both COX‐2 (cyclooxygenase‐2) and TNF‐α (tumor necrosis factor‐α) receptors. Hydrophobic interactions play a great role in the bindings of ligand‐receptor complexes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1612-1872</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1612-1880</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1612-1880</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301192</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37819841</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology ; Anti-inflammatory agents ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry ; Antimicrobial activity ; Antimicrobial agents ; Bacteria ; biological activity ; Caryophyllene ; Chemical composition ; Dimethyl ether ; Distillation ; E coli ; Epaltes australis ; essential oil ; Essential oils ; Gas chromatography ; Hydrophobicity ; Inflammation ; Leaves ; Lindera ; Lindera myrrha ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Macrophages ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Mice ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular docking ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Monophenol Monooxygenase ; Nitric oxide ; Oils & fats ; Oils, Volatile - chemistry ; Plant Leaves - chemistry ; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes - chemistry ; Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology ; Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase ; Receptors ; Sesquiterpenes - chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes - isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology ; Snake bites ; Terpenic compounds ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF ; Tyrosinase ; Yeasts</subject><ispartof>Chemistry & biodiversity, 2023-12, Vol.20 (12), p.e202301192-n/a</ispartof><rights>2023 Wiley‐VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland</rights><rights>2023 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4132-4268bc66c75e23efa9d260f030498425fd1a5e77fb22d94ae830a83e595c7ab13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4132-4268bc66c75e23efa9d260f030498425fd1a5e77fb22d94ae830a83e595c7ab13</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2413-7496</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fcbdv.202301192$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fcbdv.202301192$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37819841$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pham, Ty Viet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huu Cuong, Le</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong Ha, Tran Thi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dinh Luyen, Nguyen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xuan Ha, Nguyen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoang, Thao Xuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thanh Hao, Nguyen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huy Gioi, Dong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thu Thuy, Ta Thi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>The Son, Ninh</creatorcontrib><title>Essential Oils of the Leaves of Epaltes australis Less. and Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr.: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anti‐inflammatory, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, and Molecular Docking Studies</title><title>Chemistry & biodiversity</title><addtitle>Chem Biodivers</addtitle><description>Epaltes australis Less. has been traditionally used to treat fever and snake bites, whereas Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr. is well‐known for addressing colds, chest pain, indigestion, and worm infestations. This study marks the first report on the chemical compositions and biological potentials of essential oils extracted from the leaves of Epaltes australis and Lindera myrrha. Essential oils obtained by hydro‐distillation were analysed using the GC/MS (gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry). E. australis exhibited a predominant presence of non‐terpenic compounds (46.3 %), with thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether as the major compound, constituting 44.2 % of the oil. L. myrrha leaf oil contained a good proportion of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (56.8 %), with principal compounds including (E)‐caryophyllene (22.2 %), ledene (9.7 %), selina‐1,3,7(11)‐trien‐8‐one (9.6 %), and α‐pinene (7.0 %). Both essential oils exhibited antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium sporogenes, and Escherichia coli, and the fungus Aspergillus brasiliensis. L. myrrha leaf essential oil exhibited potent control over the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a MIC of 32 μg/mL. Additionally, L. myrrha leaf oil showed strong anti‐inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 15.20 μg/mL by inhibiting NO (nitric oxide) production in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)‐stimulated RAW2647 murine macrophage cells. Regarding anti‐tyrosinase activity, E. australis leaf oil showed the best monophenolase inhibition with the IC50 of 245.59 μg/mL, while L. myrrha leaf oil successfully inhibited diphenolase with the IC50 of 152.88 μg/mL. From molecular docking study, selina‐1,3,7(11)‐trien‐8‐one showed the highest affinity for both COX‐2 (cyclooxygenase‐2) and TNF‐α (tumor necrosis factor‐α) receptors. Hydrophobic interactions play a great role in the bindings of ligand‐receptor complexes.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Anti-inflammatory agents</subject><subject>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Antimicrobial activity</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>biological activity</subject><subject>Caryophyllene</subject><subject>Chemical composition</subject><subject>Dimethyl ether</subject><subject>Distillation</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Epaltes australis</subject><subject>essential oil</subject><subject>Essential oils</subject><subject>Gas chromatography</subject><subject>Hydrophobicity</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Lindera</subject><subject>Lindera myrrha</subject><subject>Lipopolysaccharides</subject><subject>Macrophages</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Molecular docking</subject><subject>Molecular Docking Simulation</subject><subject>Monophenol Monooxygenase</subject><subject>Nitric oxide</subject><subject>Oils & fats</subject><subject>Oils, Volatile - chemistry</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - chemistry</subject><subject>Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes - chemistry</subject><subject>Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology</subject><subject>Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase</subject><subject>Receptors</subject><subject>Sesquiterpenes - chemistry</subject><subject>Sesquiterpenes - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology</subject><subject>Snake bites</subject><subject>Terpenic compounds</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</subject><subject>Tyrosinase</subject><subject>Yeasts</subject><issn>1612-1872</issn><issn>1612-1880</issn><issn>1612-1880</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkctu1TAQhiMEohfYskSW2BSpJ_iSi8OupAeolKoLCttokkw4Lo59sJNW2fEIPBbPwZPgQ8pBYsPKM78__2PNH0XPGI0ZpfxV23S3MadcUMYK_iA6ZBnjKyYlfbivc34QHXl_E_igy8fRgcglK2TCDqMfa-_RjAo0uVLaE9uTcYOkQrjF3916C3oMJUx-dKCVD3fexwRMRyplOnRAhtm5DZCTyk4ufkku0bn4NSk3OKg2GJd22FqvRmXNKTkLw4LsbBNmLu3Pb9-V6TUMA4zWzafkenaBN-CRXJiNatQi70ZeWo3tpMGRc9t-UeYz-TBOnUL_JHrUg_b49P48jj6-XV-X71fV1buL8qxatQkTfJXwTDZtlrV5ilxgD0XHM9pTQZOwEJ72HYMU87xvOO-KBFAKClJgWqRtDg0Tx9HJ4rt19uuEfqwH5VvUGgzayddc5lkm0iJPAvriH_QmLMiE39W8oEKmWSF4oOKFCjvx3mFfb50awM01o_Uu43qXcb3PODx4fm87NQN2e_xPqAEoFuBOaZz_Y1eXb84__TX_BeMAtd8</recordid><startdate>202312</startdate><enddate>202312</enddate><creator>Pham, Ty Viet</creator><creator>Huu Cuong, Le</creator><creator>Hong Ha, Tran Thi</creator><creator>Dinh Luyen, Nguyen</creator><creator>Xuan Ha, Nguyen</creator><creator>Hoang, Thao Xuan</creator><creator>Thanh Hao, Nguyen</creator><creator>Huy Gioi, Dong</creator><creator>Thu Thuy, Ta Thi</creator><creator>The Son, Ninh</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-7496</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202312</creationdate><title>Essential Oils of the Leaves of Epaltes australis Less. and Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr.: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anti‐inflammatory, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, and Molecular Docking Studies</title><author>Pham, Ty Viet ; Huu Cuong, Le ; Hong Ha, Tran Thi ; Dinh Luyen, Nguyen ; Xuan Ha, Nguyen ; Hoang, Thao Xuan ; Thanh Hao, Nguyen ; Huy Gioi, Dong ; Thu Thuy, Ta Thi ; The Son, Ninh</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4132-4268bc66c75e23efa9d260f030498425fd1a5e77fb22d94ae830a83e595c7ab13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Anti-inflammatory agents</topic><topic>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry</topic><topic>Antimicrobial activity</topic><topic>Antimicrobial agents</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>biological activity</topic><topic>Caryophyllene</topic><topic>Chemical composition</topic><topic>Dimethyl ether</topic><topic>Distillation</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Epaltes australis</topic><topic>essential oil</topic><topic>Essential oils</topic><topic>Gas chromatography</topic><topic>Hydrophobicity</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Lindera</topic><topic>Lindera myrrha</topic><topic>Lipopolysaccharides</topic><topic>Macrophages</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>Molecular docking</topic><topic>Molecular Docking Simulation</topic><topic>Monophenol Monooxygenase</topic><topic>Nitric oxide</topic><topic>Oils & fats</topic><topic>Oils, Volatile - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - chemistry</topic><topic>Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes - chemistry</topic><topic>Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology</topic><topic>Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase</topic><topic>Receptors</topic><topic>Sesquiterpenes - chemistry</topic><topic>Sesquiterpenes - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology</topic><topic>Snake bites</topic><topic>Terpenic compounds</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</topic><topic>Tyrosinase</topic><topic>Yeasts</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pham, Ty Viet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huu Cuong, Le</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong Ha, Tran Thi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dinh Luyen, Nguyen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xuan Ha, Nguyen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoang, Thao Xuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thanh Hao, Nguyen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huy Gioi, Dong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thu Thuy, Ta Thi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>The Son, Ninh</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Chemistry & biodiversity</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pham, Ty Viet</au><au>Huu Cuong, Le</au><au>Hong Ha, Tran Thi</au><au>Dinh Luyen, Nguyen</au><au>Xuan Ha, Nguyen</au><au>Hoang, Thao Xuan</au><au>Thanh Hao, Nguyen</au><au>Huy Gioi, Dong</au><au>Thu Thuy, Ta Thi</au><au>The Son, Ninh</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Essential Oils of the Leaves of Epaltes australis Less. and Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr.: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anti‐inflammatory, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, and Molecular Docking Studies</atitle><jtitle>Chemistry & biodiversity</jtitle><addtitle>Chem Biodivers</addtitle><date>2023-12</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e202301192</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>e202301192-n/a</pages><issn>1612-1872</issn><issn>1612-1880</issn><eissn>1612-1880</eissn><abstract>Epaltes australis Less. has been traditionally used to treat fever and snake bites, whereas Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr. is well‐known for addressing colds, chest pain, indigestion, and worm infestations. This study marks the first report on the chemical compositions and biological potentials of essential oils extracted from the leaves of Epaltes australis and Lindera myrrha. Essential oils obtained by hydro‐distillation were analysed using the GC/MS (gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry). E. australis exhibited a predominant presence of non‐terpenic compounds (46.3 %), with thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether as the major compound, constituting 44.2 % of the oil. L. myrrha leaf oil contained a good proportion of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (56.8 %), with principal compounds including (E)‐caryophyllene (22.2 %), ledene (9.7 %), selina‐1,3,7(11)‐trien‐8‐one (9.6 %), and α‐pinene (7.0 %). Both essential oils exhibited antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium sporogenes, and Escherichia coli, and the fungus Aspergillus brasiliensis. L. myrrha leaf essential oil exhibited potent control over the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a MIC of 32 μg/mL. Additionally, L. myrrha leaf oil showed strong anti‐inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 15.20 μg/mL by inhibiting NO (nitric oxide) production in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)‐stimulated RAW2647 murine macrophage cells. Regarding anti‐tyrosinase activity, E. australis leaf oil showed the best monophenolase inhibition with the IC50 of 245.59 μg/mL, while L. myrrha leaf oil successfully inhibited diphenolase with the IC50 of 152.88 μg/mL. From molecular docking study, selina‐1,3,7(11)‐trien‐8‐one showed the highest affinity for both COX‐2 (cyclooxygenase‐2) and TNF‐α (tumor necrosis factor‐α) receptors. Hydrophobic interactions play a great role in the bindings of ligand‐receptor complexes.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>37819841</pmid><doi>10.1002/cbdv.202301192</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-7496</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology Anti-inflammatory agents Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry Antimicrobial activity Antimicrobial agents Bacteria biological activity Caryophyllene Chemical composition Dimethyl ether Distillation E coli Epaltes australis essential oil Essential oils Gas chromatography Hydrophobicity Inflammation Leaves Lindera Lindera myrrha Lipopolysaccharides Macrophages Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Mice Microbial Sensitivity Tests Molecular docking Molecular Docking Simulation Monophenol Monooxygenase Nitric oxide Oils & fats Oils, Volatile - chemistry Plant Leaves - chemistry Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes - chemistry Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase Receptors Sesquiterpenes - chemistry Sesquiterpenes - isolation & purification Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology Snake bites Terpenic compounds Tumor necrosis factor-TNF Tyrosinase Yeasts |
| title | Essential Oils of the Leaves of Epaltes australis Less. and Lindera myrrha (Lour.) Merr.: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anti‐inflammatory, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, and Molecular Docking Studies |
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