Changes in wax composition but not amount enhance cuticular transpiration
This study focuses on the role of the qualitative leaf wax composition in modulating the cuticular water loss using a Populus × canescens cer6 mutant line, which accumulates C34–C46 wax ester dimers and is reduced in wax monomers >C24. The two literature‐based hypotheses to be tested were the imp...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Plant, cell and environment cell and environment, 2024-01, Vol.47 (1), p.91-105 |
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| creator | Grünhofer, Paul Herzig, Lena Zhang, Qihui Vitt, Simon Stöcker, Tyll Malkowsky, Yaron Brügmann, Tobias Fladung, Matthias Schreiber, Lukas |
| description | This study focuses on the role of the qualitative leaf wax composition in modulating the cuticular water loss using a Populus × canescens cer6 mutant line, which accumulates C34–C46 wax ester dimers and is reduced in wax monomers >C24. The two literature‐based hypotheses to be tested were the importance of the amount of wax esters and the weighted mean carbon chain length in restricting cuticular water loss. The main results were acquired by chemical analysis of cuticular wax and gravimetric cuticular transpiration measurements. Besides additional physiological measurements, the leaf surface properties were characterised by scanning electron microscopy and spectrophotometric light reflectance quantification. Mutation of the CER6 gene resulted in striking changes in qualitative wax composition but not quantitative wax amount. Based on the strong accumulation of dimeric wax esters, the relative proportion of esters increased to >90%, and the weighted mean carbon chain length increased by >6 carbon atoms. These qualitative alterations were found to increase the cuticular transpiration of leaves by twofold. Our results do not support the hypotheses that enhanced amounts of wax esters or increased weighted mean carbon chain lengths of waxes lead to reduced cuticular transpiration.
Summary statement
Mutation of the CER6 gene in Populus × canescens significantly increased the proportion of wax esters and the weighted mean carbon chain length of the cuticular wax. However, in contrast to literature‐based expectations, these alterations increased the cuticular transpiration by twofold. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/pce.14719 |
| format | Article |
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Summary statement
Mutation of the CER6 gene in Populus × canescens significantly increased the proportion of wax esters and the weighted mean carbon chain length of the cuticular wax. However, in contrast to literature‐based expectations, these alterations increased the cuticular transpiration by twofold.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0140-7791</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-3040</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/pce.14719</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>3‐ketoacyl‐CoA synthase (KCS) ; Atomic properties ; Carbon ; CER6 gene ; Chemical analysis ; Composition ; Cuticular transpiration ; Cuticular wax ; cutin ; ECERIFIUM (CER) ; Epicuticular wax ; Esters ; Hypotheses ; leaf development ; Leaves ; light reflectance ; Molecular chains ; Monomers ; poplar ; Populus × canescens ; residual and cuticular transpiration ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Spectrophotometry ; Surface properties ; Transpiration ; Water loss</subject><ispartof>Plant, cell and environment, 2024-01, Vol.47 (1), p.91-105</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2023. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3259-32544ec7d9cbd465f5e23e05410d9415bcc3ded4a6d318549d3bd26e2867b4b53</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3037-8667 ; 0000-0001-7184-9472 ; 0000-0001-9823-5630 ; 0000-0001-7003-9929 ; 0009-0005-0968-7552 ; 0000-0001-9301-8581 ; 0000-0002-5403-8827 ; 0000-0002-6298-5656</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fpce.14719$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fpce.14719$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,27922,27923,45572,45573</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Grünhofer, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herzig, Lena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Qihui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vitt, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stöcker, Tyll</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malkowsky, Yaron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brügmann, Tobias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fladung, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schreiber, Lukas</creatorcontrib><title>Changes in wax composition but not amount enhance cuticular transpiration</title><title>Plant, cell and environment</title><description>This study focuses on the role of the qualitative leaf wax composition in modulating the cuticular water loss using a Populus × canescens cer6 mutant line, which accumulates C34–C46 wax ester dimers and is reduced in wax monomers >C24. The two literature‐based hypotheses to be tested were the importance of the amount of wax esters and the weighted mean carbon chain length in restricting cuticular water loss. The main results were acquired by chemical analysis of cuticular wax and gravimetric cuticular transpiration measurements. Besides additional physiological measurements, the leaf surface properties were characterised by scanning electron microscopy and spectrophotometric light reflectance quantification. Mutation of the CER6 gene resulted in striking changes in qualitative wax composition but not quantitative wax amount. Based on the strong accumulation of dimeric wax esters, the relative proportion of esters increased to >90%, and the weighted mean carbon chain length increased by >6 carbon atoms. These qualitative alterations were found to increase the cuticular transpiration of leaves by twofold. Our results do not support the hypotheses that enhanced amounts of wax esters or increased weighted mean carbon chain lengths of waxes lead to reduced cuticular transpiration.
Summary statement
Mutation of the CER6 gene in Populus × canescens significantly increased the proportion of wax esters and the weighted mean carbon chain length of the cuticular wax. However, in contrast to literature‐based expectations, these alterations increased the cuticular transpiration by twofold.</description><subject>3‐ketoacyl‐CoA synthase (KCS)</subject><subject>Atomic properties</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>CER6 gene</subject><subject>Chemical analysis</subject><subject>Composition</subject><subject>Cuticular transpiration</subject><subject>Cuticular wax</subject><subject>cutin</subject><subject>ECERIFIUM (CER)</subject><subject>Epicuticular wax</subject><subject>Esters</subject><subject>Hypotheses</subject><subject>leaf development</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>light reflectance</subject><subject>Molecular chains</subject><subject>Monomers</subject><subject>poplar</subject><subject>Populus × canescens</subject><subject>residual and cuticular transpiration</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Spectrophotometry</subject><subject>Surface properties</subject><subject>Transpiration</subject><subject>Water loss</subject><issn>0140-7791</issn><issn>1365-3040</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp10E1LAzEQBuAgCtbqwX8Q8KKHbZPNxzZHKVULBT3oOWSTVFN2kzXZpfbfm7qeBHOYwPDMMLwAXGM0w_nNO21nmFZYnIAJJpwVBFF0CiYIU1RUlcDn4CKlHUK5UYkJWC8_lH-3CToP9-oL6tB2IbneBQ_roYc-9FC1YfA9tD5TbaEeeqeHRkXYR-VT56I68ktwtlVNsle__xS8Paxel0_F5vlxvbzfFJqUTBS5UGp1ZYSuDeVsy2xJLGIUIyMoZrXWxFhDFTcELxgVhtSm5LZc8KqmNSNTcDvu7WL4HGzqZeuStk2jvA1DkhlyjISgJNObP3QXhujzdVkJXmG-YCKru1HpGFKKdiu76FoVDxIjeQxV5lDlT6jZzke7d409_A_ly3I1TnwDwtJ4Gg</recordid><startdate>202401</startdate><enddate>202401</enddate><creator>Grünhofer, Paul</creator><creator>Herzig, Lena</creator><creator>Zhang, Qihui</creator><creator>Vitt, Simon</creator><creator>Stöcker, Tyll</creator><creator>Malkowsky, Yaron</creator><creator>Brügmann, Tobias</creator><creator>Fladung, Matthias</creator><creator>Schreiber, Lukas</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-8667</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7184-9472</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-5630</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7003-9929</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0968-7552</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9301-8581</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5403-8827</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-5656</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202401</creationdate><title>Changes in wax composition but not amount enhance cuticular transpiration</title><author>Grünhofer, Paul ; Herzig, Lena ; Zhang, Qihui ; Vitt, Simon ; Stöcker, Tyll ; Malkowsky, Yaron ; Brügmann, Tobias ; Fladung, Matthias ; Schreiber, Lukas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3259-32544ec7d9cbd465f5e23e05410d9415bcc3ded4a6d318549d3bd26e2867b4b53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>3‐ketoacyl‐CoA synthase (KCS)</topic><topic>Atomic properties</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>CER6 gene</topic><topic>Chemical analysis</topic><topic>Composition</topic><topic>Cuticular transpiration</topic><topic>Cuticular wax</topic><topic>cutin</topic><topic>ECERIFIUM (CER)</topic><topic>Epicuticular wax</topic><topic>Esters</topic><topic>Hypotheses</topic><topic>leaf development</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>light reflectance</topic><topic>Molecular chains</topic><topic>Monomers</topic><topic>poplar</topic><topic>Populus × canescens</topic><topic>residual and cuticular transpiration</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Spectrophotometry</topic><topic>Surface properties</topic><topic>Transpiration</topic><topic>Water loss</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Grünhofer, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herzig, Lena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Qihui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vitt, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stöcker, Tyll</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malkowsky, Yaron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brügmann, Tobias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fladung, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schreiber, Lukas</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library Free Content</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Plant, cell and environment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Grünhofer, Paul</au><au>Herzig, Lena</au><au>Zhang, Qihui</au><au>Vitt, Simon</au><au>Stöcker, Tyll</au><au>Malkowsky, Yaron</au><au>Brügmann, Tobias</au><au>Fladung, Matthias</au><au>Schreiber, Lukas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Changes in wax composition but not amount enhance cuticular transpiration</atitle><jtitle>Plant, cell and environment</jtitle><date>2024-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>47</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>91</spage><epage>105</epage><pages>91-105</pages><issn>0140-7791</issn><eissn>1365-3040</eissn><abstract>This study focuses on the role of the qualitative leaf wax composition in modulating the cuticular water loss using a Populus × canescens cer6 mutant line, which accumulates C34–C46 wax ester dimers and is reduced in wax monomers >C24. The two literature‐based hypotheses to be tested were the importance of the amount of wax esters and the weighted mean carbon chain length in restricting cuticular water loss. The main results were acquired by chemical analysis of cuticular wax and gravimetric cuticular transpiration measurements. Besides additional physiological measurements, the leaf surface properties were characterised by scanning electron microscopy and spectrophotometric light reflectance quantification. Mutation of the CER6 gene resulted in striking changes in qualitative wax composition but not quantitative wax amount. Based on the strong accumulation of dimeric wax esters, the relative proportion of esters increased to >90%, and the weighted mean carbon chain length increased by >6 carbon atoms. These qualitative alterations were found to increase the cuticular transpiration of leaves by twofold. Our results do not support the hypotheses that enhanced amounts of wax esters or increased weighted mean carbon chain lengths of waxes lead to reduced cuticular transpiration.
Summary statement
Mutation of the CER6 gene in Populus × canescens significantly increased the proportion of wax esters and the weighted mean carbon chain length of the cuticular wax. However, in contrast to literature‐based expectations, these alterations increased the cuticular transpiration by twofold.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1111/pce.14719</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-8667</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7184-9472</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-5630</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7003-9929</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0968-7552</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9301-8581</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5403-8827</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-5656</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | 3‐ketoacyl‐CoA synthase (KCS) Atomic properties Carbon CER6 gene Chemical analysis Composition Cuticular transpiration Cuticular wax cutin ECERIFIUM (CER) Epicuticular wax Esters Hypotheses leaf development Leaves light reflectance Molecular chains Monomers poplar Populus × canescens residual and cuticular transpiration Scanning electron microscopy Spectrophotometry Surface properties Transpiration Water loss |
| title | Changes in wax composition but not amount enhance cuticular transpiration |
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