An Amiable Design of Cobalt Single Atoms as the Active Sites for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Desalinated Seawater

Green fuel from water splitting is hardcore for future generations, and the limited source of fresh water (

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Hauptverfasser: Venkateswarlu, Sada, Umer, Muhammad, Son, Younghu, Govindaraju, Saravanan, Chellasamy, Gayathri, Panda, Atanu, Park, Juseong, Umer, Sohaib, Kim, Jeonghyeon, Choi, Sang‐Il, Yun, Kyusik, Yoon, Minyoung, Lee, Geunsik, Kim, Myung Jong
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container_title Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
container_volume 20
creator Venkateswarlu, Sada
Umer, Muhammad
Son, Younghu
Govindaraju, Saravanan
Chellasamy, Gayathri
Panda, Atanu
Park, Juseong
Umer, Sohaib
Kim, Jeonghyeon
Choi, Sang‐Il
Yun, Kyusik
Yoon, Minyoung
Lee, Geunsik
Kim, Myung Jong
description Green fuel from water splitting is hardcore for future generations, and the limited source of fresh water (
doi_str_mv 10.1002/smll.202305289
format Article
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Seawater cannot be used directly as a feedstock in current electrolyzer techniques. Until now single atom catalysts were reported by many synthetic strategies using notorious chemicals and harsh conditions. A cobalt single‐atom (CoSA) intruding cobalt oxide ultrasmall nanoparticle (Co3O4 USNP)‐intercalated porous carbon (PC) (CoSA‐Co3O4@PC) electrocatalyst was synthesized from the waste orange peel as a single feedstock (solvent/template). The extended X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) and theoretical fitting reveal a clear picture of the coordination environment of the CoSA sites (CoSA‐Co3O4 and CoSA‐N4 in PC). To impede the direct seawater corrosion and chlorine evolution the seawater has been desalinated (Dseawater) with minimal cost and the obtained PC is used as an adsorbent in this process. CoSA‐Co3O4@PC shows high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity in transitional metal impurity‐free (TMIF) 1 M KOH and alkaline Dseawater. CoSA‐Co3O4@PC exhibits mass activity that is 15 times higher than the commercial RuO2. Theoretical interpretations suggest that the optimized CoSA sites in Co3O4 USNPs reduce the energy barrier for alkaline water dissociation and simultaneously trigger an excellent OER followed by an adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM). The waste orange peel can function as a green solvent and generate porous carbon (PC) templates with defective sites, which will stimulate the distribution, and growth of cobalt single atoms as well as cobalt oxide ultrasmall nanoparticles throughout the surface. The developed Co SA‐Co3O4@PC illustrates excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and stability over 100h in alkaline desalinated seawater.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1613-6810</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1613-6829</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305289</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37649146</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Germany: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Chlorine ; Cobalt ; Cobalt oxides ; cobalt single atoms ; density functional theory ; desalinated seawater ; Desalination ; Electrocatalysts ; Fine structure ; Fresh water ; Marine corrosion ; orange peel ; oxygen evolution reaction ; Oxygen evolution reactions ; Raw materials ; Sea water corrosion ; Seawater ; Single atom catalysts ; ultra small Co3O4 ; Water splitting</subject><ispartof>Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2024-01, Vol.20 (1), p.e2305289-n/a</ispartof><rights>2023 Wiley‐VCH GmbH</rights><rights>2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.</rights><rights>2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3789-bea6d089e722cc419a604b08212f21388e1b3cf6c07e3c27ff68a5fa67ab2f2f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3789-bea6d089e722cc419a604b08212f21388e1b3cf6c07e3c27ff68a5fa67ab2f2f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7436-6273 ; 0000-0002-7484-3081 ; 0000-0001-7042-6937</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fsmll.202305289$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fsmll.202305289$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37649146$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Venkateswarlu, Sada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Umer, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Son, Younghu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Govindaraju, Saravanan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chellasamy, Gayathri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Panda, Atanu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Juseong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Umer, Sohaib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jeonghyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Sang‐Il</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yun, Kyusik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoon, Minyoung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Geunsik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Myung Jong</creatorcontrib><title>An Amiable Design of Cobalt Single Atoms as the Active Sites for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Desalinated Seawater</title><title>Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)</title><addtitle>Small</addtitle><description>Green fuel from water splitting is hardcore for future generations, and the limited source of fresh water (&lt;1%) is a bottleneck. Seawater cannot be used directly as a feedstock in current electrolyzer techniques. Until now single atom catalysts were reported by many synthetic strategies using notorious chemicals and harsh conditions. A cobalt single‐atom (CoSA) intruding cobalt oxide ultrasmall nanoparticle (Co3O4 USNP)‐intercalated porous carbon (PC) (CoSA‐Co3O4@PC) electrocatalyst was synthesized from the waste orange peel as a single feedstock (solvent/template). The extended X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) and theoretical fitting reveal a clear picture of the coordination environment of the CoSA sites (CoSA‐Co3O4 and CoSA‐N4 in PC). To impede the direct seawater corrosion and chlorine evolution the seawater has been desalinated (Dseawater) with minimal cost and the obtained PC is used as an adsorbent in this process. CoSA‐Co3O4@PC shows high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity in transitional metal impurity‐free (TMIF) 1 M KOH and alkaline Dseawater. CoSA‐Co3O4@PC exhibits mass activity that is 15 times higher than the commercial RuO2. Theoretical interpretations suggest that the optimized CoSA sites in Co3O4 USNPs reduce the energy barrier for alkaline water dissociation and simultaneously trigger an excellent OER followed by an adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM). The waste orange peel can function as a green solvent and generate porous carbon (PC) templates with defective sites, which will stimulate the distribution, and growth of cobalt single atoms as well as cobalt oxide ultrasmall nanoparticles throughout the surface. The developed Co SA‐Co3O4@PC illustrates excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and stability over 100h in alkaline desalinated seawater.</description><subject>Chlorine</subject><subject>Cobalt</subject><subject>Cobalt oxides</subject><subject>cobalt single atoms</subject><subject>density functional theory</subject><subject>desalinated seawater</subject><subject>Desalination</subject><subject>Electrocatalysts</subject><subject>Fine structure</subject><subject>Fresh water</subject><subject>Marine corrosion</subject><subject>orange peel</subject><subject>oxygen evolution reaction</subject><subject>Oxygen evolution reactions</subject><subject>Raw materials</subject><subject>Sea water corrosion</subject><subject>Seawater</subject><subject>Single atom catalysts</subject><subject>ultra small Co3O4</subject><subject>Water splitting</subject><issn>1613-6810</issn><issn>1613-6829</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkUtvGyEURlGVqnm02y4jpGy6sctjzMDSctMkkqtIdbtGDL64RAwkMJPU_z64Tlypm674gMPRFR9CHymZUkLY59KHMGWEcTJjUr1BJ1RQPhGSqaNDpuQYnZZyRwinrGnfoWPeikbRRpygPI943nvTBcBfoPhNxMnhRepMGPDKx009nw-pL9gUPPyqGzv4R6hXAxTsUsa3v7cbiPjyMYVx8Cni72Dsn-DjTmmCj2aANV6Beaohv0dvnQkFPrysZ-jn18sfi-vJ8vbqZjFfTixvpZp0YMSaSAUtY9Y2VBlBmo5IRpljlEsJtOPWCUta4Ja1zglpZs6I1nSVcPwMfdp773N6GKEMuvfFQggmQhqLZnKmBJkR2lT04h_0Lo051uk0U0Q1lLRUVGq6p2xOpWRw-j773uStpkTv2tC7NvShjfrg_EU7dj2sD_jr91dA7YEnH2D7H51efVsu_8qfAZ8jlis</recordid><startdate>20240101</startdate><enddate>20240101</enddate><creator>Venkateswarlu, Sada</creator><creator>Umer, Muhammad</creator><creator>Son, Younghu</creator><creator>Govindaraju, Saravanan</creator><creator>Chellasamy, Gayathri</creator><creator>Panda, Atanu</creator><creator>Park, Juseong</creator><creator>Umer, Sohaib</creator><creator>Kim, Jeonghyeon</creator><creator>Choi, Sang‐Il</creator><creator>Yun, Kyusik</creator><creator>Yoon, Minyoung</creator><creator>Lee, Geunsik</creator><creator>Kim, Myung Jong</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7436-6273</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7484-3081</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-6937</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240101</creationdate><title>An Amiable Design of Cobalt Single Atoms as the Active Sites for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Desalinated Seawater</title><author>Venkateswarlu, Sada ; Umer, Muhammad ; Son, Younghu ; Govindaraju, Saravanan ; Chellasamy, Gayathri ; Panda, Atanu ; Park, Juseong ; Umer, Sohaib ; Kim, Jeonghyeon ; Choi, Sang‐Il ; Yun, Kyusik ; Yoon, Minyoung ; Lee, Geunsik ; Kim, Myung Jong</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3789-bea6d089e722cc419a604b08212f21388e1b3cf6c07e3c27ff68a5fa67ab2f2f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Chlorine</topic><topic>Cobalt</topic><topic>Cobalt oxides</topic><topic>cobalt single atoms</topic><topic>density functional theory</topic><topic>desalinated seawater</topic><topic>Desalination</topic><topic>Electrocatalysts</topic><topic>Fine structure</topic><topic>Fresh water</topic><topic>Marine corrosion</topic><topic>orange peel</topic><topic>oxygen evolution reaction</topic><topic>Oxygen evolution reactions</topic><topic>Raw materials</topic><topic>Sea water corrosion</topic><topic>Seawater</topic><topic>Single atom catalysts</topic><topic>ultra small Co3O4</topic><topic>Water splitting</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Venkateswarlu, Sada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Umer, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Son, Younghu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Govindaraju, Saravanan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chellasamy, Gayathri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Panda, Atanu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Juseong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Umer, Sohaib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jeonghyeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Sang‐Il</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yun, Kyusik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoon, Minyoung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Geunsik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Myung Jong</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Venkateswarlu, Sada</au><au>Umer, Muhammad</au><au>Son, Younghu</au><au>Govindaraju, Saravanan</au><au>Chellasamy, Gayathri</au><au>Panda, Atanu</au><au>Park, Juseong</au><au>Umer, Sohaib</au><au>Kim, Jeonghyeon</au><au>Choi, Sang‐Il</au><au>Yun, Kyusik</au><au>Yoon, Minyoung</au><au>Lee, Geunsik</au><au>Kim, Myung Jong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An Amiable Design of Cobalt Single Atoms as the Active Sites for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Desalinated Seawater</atitle><jtitle>Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)</jtitle><addtitle>Small</addtitle><date>2024-01-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e2305289</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>e2305289-n/a</pages><issn>1613-6810</issn><eissn>1613-6829</eissn><abstract>Green fuel from water splitting is hardcore for future generations, and the limited source of fresh water (&lt;1%) is a bottleneck. Seawater cannot be used directly as a feedstock in current electrolyzer techniques. Until now single atom catalysts were reported by many synthetic strategies using notorious chemicals and harsh conditions. A cobalt single‐atom (CoSA) intruding cobalt oxide ultrasmall nanoparticle (Co3O4 USNP)‐intercalated porous carbon (PC) (CoSA‐Co3O4@PC) electrocatalyst was synthesized from the waste orange peel as a single feedstock (solvent/template). The extended X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) and theoretical fitting reveal a clear picture of the coordination environment of the CoSA sites (CoSA‐Co3O4 and CoSA‐N4 in PC). To impede the direct seawater corrosion and chlorine evolution the seawater has been desalinated (Dseawater) with minimal cost and the obtained PC is used as an adsorbent in this process. CoSA‐Co3O4@PC shows high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity in transitional metal impurity‐free (TMIF) 1 M KOH and alkaline Dseawater. CoSA‐Co3O4@PC exhibits mass activity that is 15 times higher than the commercial RuO2. Theoretical interpretations suggest that the optimized CoSA sites in Co3O4 USNPs reduce the energy barrier for alkaline water dissociation and simultaneously trigger an excellent OER followed by an adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM). The waste orange peel can function as a green solvent and generate porous carbon (PC) templates with defective sites, which will stimulate the distribution, and growth of cobalt single atoms as well as cobalt oxide ultrasmall nanoparticles throughout the surface. The developed Co SA‐Co3O4@PC illustrates excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and stability over 100h in alkaline desalinated seawater.</abstract><cop>Germany</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>37649146</pmid><doi>10.1002/smll.202305289</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7436-6273</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7484-3081</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-6937</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Chlorine
Cobalt
Cobalt oxides
cobalt single atoms
density functional theory
desalinated seawater
Desalination
Electrocatalysts
Fine structure
Fresh water
Marine corrosion
orange peel
oxygen evolution reaction
Oxygen evolution reactions
Raw materials
Sea water corrosion
Seawater
Single atom catalysts
ultra small Co3O4
Water splitting
title An Amiable Design of Cobalt Single Atoms as the Active Sites for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Desalinated Seawater
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